Juárez: la intervención y el Imperio

UANL

Historia de la guerra de Méjico desde 1861 a 1867, con todos los documentos diplomáticos justificativos, precedida de una introducción que comprende la descripción topográfica del territorio..

UANL

Simulation-Based Finite-and Large-sample Inference Methods in Multivariate Regressions and Seemingly Unrelated Regressions

In the context of multivariate regression (MLR) and seemingly unrelated regressions (SURE) models, it is well known that commonly employed asymptotic test criteria are seriously biased towards overrejection. in this paper, we propose finite-and large-sample likelihood-based test procedures for possibly non-linear hypotheses on the coefficients of MLR and SURE systems.

Ordenanza general de aduanas marítimas y fronterizas de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, con su tarifa de importación, notas explicativas y vocabulario anexo, aprobada por decreto de 12 de junio de 1891 y vigente desde 1 de noviembre de 1891

UANL

Effects of fertilizer type and rate on partitioning of soil organic matter into pools of different stability

Type and rate of fertilizers influence the level of soil organic carbon (Corg) and total nitrogen (Nt) markedly, but the effect on C and N partitioning into different pools is open to question. The objectives of the present work were to: (i) quantify the impact of fertilizer type and rate on labile, intermediate and passive C and N pools by using a combination of biological, chemical and mathematical methods; (ii) explain previously reported differences in the soil organic matter (SOM) levels between soils receiving farmyard manure with or without biodynamic preparations by using Corg time series and information on SOM partitioning; and (iii) quantify the long-term and short-term dynamics of SOM in density fractions and microbial biomass as affected by fertilizer type and rate and determine the incorporation of crop residues into labile SOM fractions. Samples were taken from a sandy Cambisol from the long-term fertilization trial in Darmstadt, Germany, founded in 1980. The nine treatments (four field replicates) were: straw incorporation plus application of mineral fertilizer (MSI) and application of rotted farmyard manure with (DYN) or without (FYM) addition of biodynamic preparations, each at high (140 – 150 kg N ha-1 year-1; MSIH, DYNH, FYMH), medium (100 kg N ha-1 year-1; MSIM, DYNM, FYMM) and low (50 – 60 kg N ha-1 year-1; MSIL, DYNL, FYML) rates. The main findings were: (i) The stocks of Corg (t ha-1) were affected by fertilizer type and rate and increased in the order MSIL (23.6), MSIM (23.7), MSIH (24.2) < FYML (25.3) < FYMM (28.1), FYMH (28.1). Stocks of Nt were affected in the same way (C/N ratio: 11). Storage of C and N in the modelled labile pools (turnover times: 462 and 153 days for C and N, respectively) were not influenced by the type of fertilizer (FYM and MSI) but depended significantly (p ≤ 0.05) on the application rate and ranged from 1.8 to 3.2 t C ha 1 (7 – 13% of Corg) and from 90 to 140 kg N ha-1 (4-5% of Nt). In the calculated intermediate pool (C/N ratio 7), stocks of C were markedly higher in FYM treatments (15-18 t ha-1) compared to MSI treatments (12-14 t ha-1). This showed that differences in SOM stocks in the sandy Cambisol induced by fertilizer rate may be short-lived in case of changing management, but differences induced by fertilizer type may persist for decades. (ii) Crop yields, estimated C inputs (1.5 t ha-1 year-1) with crop residue, microbial bio¬mass C (Cmic, 118 – 150 mg kg-1), microbial biomass N (17 – 20 mg kg-1) and labile C and N pools did not differ significantly between FYM and DYN treatments. However, labile C increased linearly with application rate (R2 = 0.53) from 7 to 11% of Corg. This also applied for labile N (3.5 to 4.9% of Nt). The higher contents of Corg in DYN treatments existed since 1982, when the first sampling was conducted for all individual treatments. Contents of Corg between DYN and FYM treatments con-verged slightly since then. Furthermore, at least 30% of the difference in Corg was located in the passive pool where a treatment effect could be excluded. Therefore, the reported differences in Corg contents existed most likely since the beginning of the experiment and, as a single factor of biodynamic agriculture, application of bio-dynamic preparations had no effect on SOM stocks. (iii) Stocks of SOM, light fraction organic C (LFOC, ρ ≤ 2.0 g cm-3), light fraction organic N and Cmic decreased in the order FYMH > FYML > MSIH, MSIL for all sampling dates in 2008 (March, May, September, December). However, statistical significance of treatment effects differed between the dates, probably due to dif-ferences in the spatial variation throughout the year. The high proportion of LFOC on total Corg stocks (45 – 55%) highlighted the importance of selective preservation of OM as a stabilization mechanism in this sandy Cambisol. The apparent turnover time of LFOC was between 21 and 32 years, which agreed very well with studies with substantially longer vegetation change compared to our study. Overall, both approaches; (I) the combination of incubation, chemical fractionation and simple modelling and (II) the density fractionation; provided complementary information on the partitioning of SOM into pools of different stability. The density fractionation showed that differences in Corg stocks between FYM and MSI treatments were mainly located in the light fraction, i.e. induced by higher recalcitrance of the organic input in the FYM treatments. Moreover, the use of the combination of biological, chemical and mathematical methods indicated that effects of fertilizer rate on total Corg and Nt stocks may be short-lived, but that the effect of fertilizer type may persist for longer time spans in the sandy Cambisol.

Alfabetización digital : integración de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en los centros de EPA de Cuevas y Pulpi.

Enseñar a las personas adultas a manejar las nuevas tecnologias potenciando su formación de cara al mercado laboral, estimulando el aprendizaje de otras areas curriculares y satisfaciendo la demanda de los-as alumnos-as de tener acceso a la informacion a traves de Internet, evitando la desigualdad social a la que a veces se enfrenta este colectivo.

Realidad y ficción en la lectura de mensajes verbo-icónicos televisivos en niños de 4 a 7 años.

Detección de las variables y las constantes que se repiten en los juicios, argumentos, razonamientos y las respuestas de los niños frente a los niveles de representación de la realidad en la televisión. Dos muestras cada una con dos colegios del extraradio y tres colegios de la capital. Los niños con una edad comprendida entre los 4 y 7 años y de ambos sexos. Entrevistas con materiales audiovisuales, guión de preguntas, diario de campo. Pruebas Chi-cuadrado, F de Fisher, estudio de frecuencias y porcentajes, análisis cualitativo, análisis de la muestra. El manejo del lenguaje es un elemento que dificulta no solo la expresión de lo que piensan los niños, sino también la construcción de una idea comprensiva sobre lo que estan viendo y pensando de la televisión. Confunden con facilidad el significado con el signo, no poseyendo una estructura semántica y comprensiva de éste. La televisión es un excelente mediador para la socialización del niño. La realidad de los mensajes televisivos permite al individuo un ejercicio de interiorización. Los efectos de la socialización televisiva no afectan sólo al pensamiento pre-lógico, sino que generan un enriquecimiento del mundo afectivo.

Entrepreneurship research in Spain : Developments and distinctiveness

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Burnout en fisioterapeutas espa??oles

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

??Es posible mejorar la composici??n en alumnos con dificultades de aprendizaje y-o bajo rendimiento sin que cambie la reflexividad hacia la escritura?

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Lectures 17 and 18 - Exceptions - when it all goes wrong

Exceptions An Example The Throws keyword Try and Catch The flow Multiple exceptions Finally How exceptions are thrown What the complier checks Handle or Defer Recovery Writing your own

Però... saben llegir? (La lectura i els nouvinguts a l'ESO). 'Pero... ¿saben leer? (La lectura y los recién llegados en la ESO)'.

Resumen tomado de la publicación