Social Justice Cannot, in the Form Commonly Articulated, Meaningfully Guide Action

Nurses ��� along with many others ��� are often told that they should or must accept and work towards the promotion of social justice. Further, it is claimed that social justice represents or is a shared nursing value. This presentation challenges these assertions. Claims regarding shared values easily fall prey to forms of attribution error. Alternatively, while social justice is sometimes presented as a remedy or alternative to market disutility, the quality of arguments in which this linkage appears leave much to be desired and, in such instances, the robustness of these claims collapse. Or, assertions regarding social justice frequently appear without supporting explanation or justification. It is simply assumed that social justice (inadequately defined) is a ���good thing���. This is not necessarily a problem. The normative strength of a claim does not rest only upon the arguments put forward in support of it. However, when social justice is advanced as mere assertion, often in a manner devoid of specificity, claims that the concept should be embraced and claims that the concept should or can promote action in the world, lack persuasive force. Moreover, in some articulations, the concept appears to generate illiberal and intolerant consequences. This presentation does not argue for inequality or social injustice. Rather, it suggests that underdeveloped and frail arguments require improvement or dismissal.

Social Theory and Nursing

Despite noteworthy exceptions, nursing���s literature largely disregards the ways in which social and sociological theory permeates, guides and shapes research, education, and practice. Likewise, social theory���s ability to position nursing within wider structures of healthcare and educational provision is similarly and puzzlingly downplayed. The questions nurses ask and the problems they face cannot however, adequately be addressed without engaging with social and sociological theory and, to progress this engagement, contributors to this book explore how social theories are used by and might apply to nursing and nursing practice. This work brings together leading international nursing and non-nursing scholars to stimulate thought and debate around a fascinating and enduring topic.

Responsabilidade social: vis��es e perspectivas de empres��rios do segmento industrial do Rio Grande do Norte

The theme Corporate Social Responsibility is relatively recent both in the academic field and in the business practice. Because of the lack of socialization of experiences and precision of concepts, there are gaps regarding the understanding of the subject and, also, how to conduct operations. This study just seeks to investigate such matter, focusing applications of social responsibility in business. It takes, as empirical field, winners of the PSQT - SESI Prize of Quality at Work in Rio Grande do Norte (2002-2007) in order to systematize the various approaches on the issue, aiming to reveal subjective visions and perspectives of the theme. It is characterized as a qualitative study, carried out by structured interview. The universe was composed by 15 companies. It was used analysis of content categorical as an axis for the interpretation of the information. Three approaches guided the analysis: Business Ethics, (normative); Business & Society (contractual); Social Issues Management (strategic). The findings are related in three ways: 1) reasons for the CSR practice; 2) the results obtained; 3) the means of CSR. It was found that the award participation occurs, mostly, linked to SESI invitations, so, as an articulated movement of industrial corporations in Brazil it occurs, also, because of the organizational commitment with the society and the possibility of internal and social growths and because of the importance attributed to the report as an instrument of consultancy. There are no indicators to check impacts of organizational interventions, in spite of the existence of planning for the actions. Social responsibility appears as a tool to reinforce the organizational image and to increase satisfaction of the employees. There is a tendency of large and medium firms to a contractual commitment while the small and the micros firms are on strategic or normative level. The analysis of the perspectives of social responsibility future revealed trends towards for strategic approach

Corporate Social Responsibility no sector banc��rio

Vivemos num mundo globalizado onde as exig��ncias s��o diversas e constantemente presentes. �� imposs��vel analisar a ��rea social, econ��mica ou ambiental de forma isolada. A vis��o que relaciona o mundo empresarial com a sociedade e que lhe reconhece obriga����es e responsabilidades para com a mesma n��o �� nova e tem vindo a obter uma import��ncia e visibilidade crescentes. O conceito corporate social responsibility (CSR) tem sido objecto de grande enfoque, sobretudo desde os anos cinquenta do s��culo passado. Todavia, este conceito n��o tem permanecido inalterado com o passar do tempo. Desde a referida d��cada at�� �� actualidade verifica-se um desenvolvimento not��rio da defini����o de CSR, das suas vertentes, do bin��mio mundo empresarial e social e de alguns conceitos conexos como sejam corporate citizenship, business ethics e sustainability. Actualmente a maioria da doutrina que versa sobre o tema aceita, de forma pac��fica, que o mundo empresarial n��o se pode fechar sobre si pr��prio pretendendo alcan��ar ganhos e visibilidade demitindo-se da responsabilidade para com a sociedade onde se encontra inserido. Compreende-se que a interliga����o entre a esfera econ��mica, social e ambiental permite ��s empresas diversos benef��cios, nomeadamente a viabiliza����o de projectos a longo prazo, prest��gio, notoriedade e a vantagem competitiva face ��s suas concorrentes. O objectivo do presente trabalho �� demonstrar a evolu����o do conceito de CSR, nas suas v��rias vertentes, o impacto e os benef��cios decorrentes das actua����es empresarias compat��veis com este conceito e verificar, no que ao sector banc��rio respeita, se os clientes destas institui����es conhecem os projectos sociais, pelas mesmas desenvolvidos e se a realiza����o destes projectos possuem impacto na rela����o cliente/banco.

Los valores ��ticos en la responsabilidad social corporativa

La significaci��n de responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) o empresa socialmente responsable (RSE) ha pasado de ser un concepto abstracto y mal entendido, a ser un apellido que otorga prestigio a las empresas que deciden adoptarlo. Las empresas han adoptado y adaptado esta concepci��n con el objetivo de seguir lucr��ndose con sus actividades empresariales, pero poseyendo un argumento perfecto para venderse ante una sociedad cada vez mejor educada en temas sociales y medioambientales: ser socialmente responsable o, lo que es lo mismo, buena con el entorno m��s pr��ximo que le rodea y en el que crece.Se puede afirmar que una empresa es socialmente responsable cuando su modelo de actuaci��n promueve el desarrollo de pr��cticas transparentes en el foro interno y externo de la empresa, marco de actuaci��n que no solo se limita al ��rea de confort de la organizaci��n sino a un saber hacer ��tico. Los c��digos ��ticos y corporativos deben ser accesibles y comunicados correctamente ante todos los p��blicos de una empresa.��El objetivo de este estudio se centra en analizar la relaci��n existente entre la ��tica y la RSC, ya que ambas deben ser inseparables en la construcci��n del eje transversal que recorre la estrategia organizacional. Se desarrolla una metodolog��a de tipo cualitativo, justificado por el enfoque conceptual-te��rico desde el punto de vista social, cultural y econ��mico del tema objeto de estudio.��

Responsabilidade social: vis��es e perspectivas de empres��rios do segmento industrial do Rio Grande do Norte

The theme Corporate Social Responsibility is relatively recent both in the academic field and in the business practice. Because of the lack of socialization of experiences and precision of concepts, there are gaps regarding the understanding of the subject and, also, how to conduct operations. This study just seeks to investigate such matter, focusing applications of social responsibility in business. It takes, as empirical field, winners of the PSQT - SESI Prize of Quality at Work in Rio Grande do Norte (2002-2007) in order to systematize the various approaches on the issue, aiming to reveal subjective visions and perspectives of the theme. It is characterized as a qualitative study, carried out by structured interview. The universe was composed by 15 companies. It was used analysis of content categorical as an axis for the interpretation of the information. Three approaches guided the analysis: Business Ethics, (normative); Business & Society (contractual); Social Issues Management (strategic). The findings are related in three ways: 1) reasons for the CSR practice; 2) the results obtained; 3) the means of CSR. It was found that the award participation occurs, mostly, linked to SESI invitations, so, as an articulated movement of industrial corporations in Brazil it occurs, also, because of the organizational commitment with the society and the possibility of internal and social growths and because of the importance attributed to the report as an instrument of consultancy. There are no indicators to check impacts of organizational interventions, in spite of the existence of planning for the actions. Social responsibility appears as a tool to reinforce the organizational image and to increase satisfaction of the employees. There is a tendency of large and medium firms to a contractual commitment while the small and the micros firms are on strategic or normative level. The analysis of the perspectives of social responsibility future revealed trends towards for strategic approach

An Ethics of Refusal: Sympathy, Intimacy and Fidelity in British Romanticism

Despite a current emphasis in Romantic scholarship on intersubjectivity, this study suggests that we still have much to learn about how theories of intersubjectivity operate in Romantic-era writings that focus on the family���the most common vehicle for exploring relationships during the period. By investigating how sympathy, intimacy, and fidelity are treated in the works of Mary Hays, Felicia Hemans, and Mary Shelley, this dissertation discovers the presence of an ���ethics of refusal��� within women���s Romantic-era texts. Texts that promote an ethics of refusal, I argue, almost advocate for a particular mode of relating within a given model of the family as the key to more equitable social relations, but, then, they ultimately refuse to support any particular model. Although drawn towards models of relating that, at first, seem to offer explicit pathways towards a more ethical society, texts that promote an ethics of refusal ultimately reject any program of reform. Such rejection is not unaccountable, but stems from anxieties about appearing to dictate what is best for others when others are, in reality, other than the self. In this dissertation, I draw from feminist literary critiques that focus on ethics; genre-focused literary critiques; and studies of sympathy, intimacy, and fidelity that investigate modes of relating within the context of literary works and reader-textual relations. Psychoanalytic theory also plays an important role within my third chapter on Mary Shelley���s novel Falkner. Scholarship that investigates the dialectical nature of Romantic-era literature informs my entire project. Through theorizing and studying an ethics of refusal, we can more fully understand how intersubjective modes functioned in Romantic literature and discover a Romanticism uniquely committed to attempting to turn dialectical reasoning into a social practice.

La ��tica y trabajo social

El desarrollo de esta monograf��a busca dar a conocer por medio de la teor��a la relaci��n de la ��tica con el Trabajo Social, para ello en este trabajo se aborda a la ��tica de una manera sistematizada, el estudio de los valores imprescindibles en el campo de lo ��tico, defini��ndolos y d��ndoles relaci��n con la vida cotidiana y el Trabajo Social, las razones por la que una persona tiene que tener ��tica en la realidad y cotidianidad del ser humano, el campo de los c��digos de ��tica profesional que enmarca a los profesionales y muestra la manera de actuar de los mismos, el c��digo deontol��gico publicado de Trabajo Social, de qu�� trata, sus objetivos, sus funciones en el papel profesional, sobre todo en el desarrollo de la carrera, en primer lugar el asunto de la ��tica que lleva consigo los valores y prop��sitos que gu��an la acci��n profesional en Trabajo Social, y el compromiso ��tico que tienen los trabajadores(as) sociales en torno a todos los aspectos de accionar, tambi��n aborda los dilemas, contradicciones y conflictos ��ticos de la profesi��n, donde se comienza a poner en juego realmente las valoraciones ��ticas, cada uno de los tipos de dilemas ��ticos y la clasificaci��n factorial de los dilemas ��ticos encontrados en Trabajo Social, por ��ltimo, algunas conclusiones a las que se ha podido llegar en el desarrollo de los cap��tulos, adem��s entrevistas a profesionales del Trabajo Social ecuatorianos en algunos ��mbitos laborales con lo que se dar�� por concluida la presente monograf��a.

Entre a teoria social e a teoria da justi��a : intersubjetividade, normatividade e vulnerabilidade

Este artigo pretende apresentar os motivos por tr��s de algumas propostas intersubjetivistas na teoria social e na teoria da justi��a. Primeiramente, tentarei desenvolver alguns temas da filosofia de Hegel no sentido de formular a tese de que se estabelece a�� uma rela����o fundamental entre teoria social e teoria da justi��a (1). Em seguida, pretendo especificar o conte��do desta rela����o num argumento duplo: mostrando (a) que ela consiste, do ponto de vista da teoria social, em uma dial��tica entre socializa����o e individualiza����o; e (b) que esta dial��tica se vincula ao problema da normatividade, tornando-se relevante para a teoria da justi��a (2). Em terceiro lugar, desejo mostrar que a ��tica do discurso projetou uma amplia����o filos��fico-jur��dica n��o apenas para estabilizar a tens��o entre validade e facticidade, mas que tamb��m, n��o sendo apenas especializada em quest��es de justi��a, assume a tarefa de pensar a vulnerabilidade daquela dial��tica (3). Finalmente, procuro mostrar como uma teoria da justi��a fundada no conceito intersubjetivo de liberdade �� capaz de preencher mais adequadamente esta lacuna, criando condi����es para uma cr��tica terap��utica da modernidade (4). ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

The Territorial Dimension: The Component of Business Strategy that Prevents the Generation of Social Conflicts

Taking advantage of economic opportunities has led to numerous conflicts between society and business in various geographies of the world. Companies have developed social responsibility programs to prevent and manage these types of problems. However, some authors comment that these programs lack a strategic vision. Starting with the Working with People model, created for the field of rural development planning, this paper proposes a methodology to prevent the generation of social conflicts from business strategy: the territorial dimension. The proposal emphasizes that local development support prevents the generation of social conflicts. Finally, an experience in Peru, a country that has been characterized in recent years by high economic growth and also by the presence of social conflicts that have stopped entrepreneurship is analyzed.

A gravita����o da ��tica do cuidado na media����o : interven����o social e escolar nas escolas

Na resolu����o de conflitos, no incumprimento de normas e nas situa����es de indisciplina escolar, exigem-se mediadores e programas de media����o. Na implementa����o destes programas �� essencial formar mediadores para intervirem em contexto socioeducativo com alunos, professores e fam��lia, sendo exigido a esses profissionais uma ��tica profissional mediadora. A necessidade de educar os alunos para integrarem as equipes de media����o implica a promo����o de valores de conviv��ncia e uma ��tica do cuidado com os outros. A ��tica do cuidado e do encontro permite mais possibilidades de conv��vio e novas formas de exist��ncia humana. Procuramos interpretar os pontos de vista de alguns autores sobre a media����o (modelos e programas), destacando a educa����o para a toler��ncia, solidariedade, responsabilidade e cidadania, que s��o exig��ncias da escola no ��mbito da educa����o para os valores. A media����o contribui para resolver conflitos, melhorar a comunica����o, as rela����es e a conviv��ncia.

The impact of ethics education in medical laboratory science.

Teachers and students were asked what ethics education is offered in their program. The survey of the teachers regarding ethics education revealed some differences between english and french schools. It was found that franch schools favoured ethics courses taught by philosophers while english schools favoured ethics courses taught by health care providers. Furthermore, case studies were reported to be used more often in english schools and more often in assignments. However, regarless of the differences, 87 % of teachers agreed that ethics training is a high priority and most teachers thought that ethics training in their programs was adequate. At same time, students were asked to answer some questions that involved ethical dilemmas wherein some moral decisions would have to be made. Their responses revealed their level of moral development, based on Kohlberg's theory of moral development. The impact of ethics courses in the curriculum on moral development was correlated taking into account what ethics education students actually received with what year-of-study they were in (1st year, end of program or two years post graduation). Students were presented scenarios about falsifying records, communication, student dishonesty and preanalytical impact on patient care. These are authentic issues that technologists face on a daily basis. In reply to multiple-choice questions, respondents chose, in order of personal preference, the three best answers out of six offered to complete a statement regarding ethics. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies), employing crosstabulations and Oneway Anova. Factors including respondents age range, mother tongue, gendre, and years of schooling were considered.

Pr��cticas de responsabilidad social empresarial y bienestar de los empleados en el marco de las organizaciones saludables

La noci��n de organizaci��n saludable cada vez toma mayor relevancia en el mundo acad��mico y empresarial, pues se ha demostrado que las organizaciones que crean ambientes saludables y adoptan pr��cticas saludables, afectan positivamente a sus diferentes grupos de inter��s, incluidos empleados, socios, proveedores, clientes y la sociedad (Grueso y Rey, 2013). Con el fin de contribuir a lo anteriormente mencionado, a continuaci��n se presenta el avance de una investigaci��n de tipo documental y aplicada, mediante la que se pretende comprender la forma como la adopci��n de pr��cticas de responsabilidad social contribuye al bienestar de los empleados en dos compa����as del sector comercio al detal en Colombia. Para lograr lo anterior, primero se mostrar��n los fundamentos te��ricos y antecedentes de estudios e investigaciones realizadas sobre Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y el bienestar de los empleados. Posteriormente se describe la metodolog��a desarrollada para la recolecci��n de la informaci��n y el proceso mediante el que esta fue analizada. En la siguiente secci��n se describen los hallazgos y por ��ltimo se plantean las conclusiones del estudio.

Desarrollo social y educaci��n superior

Recibido 12 de abril de 2011 ��� Aceptado 26 de agosto de 2011 ��� Corregido 21 de octubre de 2011�� �� �� El presente ensayo tiene por objetivo reflexionar sobre el quehacer de la universidad p��blica costarricense y su responsabilidad en la formaci��n para el desarrollo social. Lo anterior, entendido como uno de los m��ltiples retos que enfrenta la educaci��n superior, de cara a las demandas que la funci��n del conocimiento posee en el presente, y a la relaci��n de estas con el desarrollo aut��nomo del conocimiento. Su planteamiento, defiende algunos asuntos d��bilmente abordados en estudios previos, y que se constituyen en elementos esenciales para una formaci��n significativa, funcional y de impacto social, como son: a) La ��tica en la organizaci��n, b) La autoeducaci��n de la universidad, c) La incidencia de las pol��ticas curriculares en las pr��cticas promovidas, d) La transformaci��n de la cultura docente para contribuir a mejorar la pr��ctica, y e) La construcci��n del conocimiento para fundamentar criterios, tomar decisiones, solucionar problemas y construir proyectos de vida.