998 resultados para Schrodinger, Operadores de
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With this dissertation we aim to analyze the most relevant aspects of the excise duties harmonized regime, considering Community origins, but having also in attention all legal specifications of its implementation in Portugal. The legal regime of excise duties is presented as an ambitious theme, considering the challenge of different branches of law that influence this subject, such as Tax, Economic and Community laws, the inescapable influence of customs procedures, or regarding environmental objectives. In the European context, the harmonization of excise duties was seen as a condition for the implementation of the internal market, contributing to undo secular tax barriers between Member States and, since so, ensure fair competition and free movement of services and goods. Along with VAT, the excise duties harmonization process could represent a potential European tax system, essential for a full and integrated single market. In this context, it is essential to pay special attention to specific characteristics of excise duties regime, such as ‘duty suspension arrangement’ applicable during the production phase, storage and movement in certain conditions. The growing importance of excise duties, as for revenue or extra-fiscal purposes, recommends new academic studies on this subject, seeking new opportunities and challenges.
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La cession de la garantie bancaire autonome, est sans doute un aspect de la plus grande pertinence pour le cessionnaire d'un crédit accordé, c’est un autre moyen que le commerce, «máxime», le commerce international met à ses exploitantes ou ses operateurs pour obtenir de la liquidité. Nous espérons avec ce travail, d'analyser l'applicabilité de la garantie bancaire autonome, en partant du principe selon lequel en cas de transfert de crédit, les respectives garanties et autres accessoires également se transmettent. Basé sur la doctrine internationale, notamment italienne et portugaise, nous avons l'intention de parvenir à une solution que permet une application correcte de l'institut concerné, dans le cadre droit Santoméen, c'est à dire, c'est qui permet au cessionnaire d'une créance de protéger, effectivement, ses intérêts légitimes.
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The liberalisation of the energy market goes back to the 1990s, when it was impelled by the European legislator. Since then, three legislative packages, temporarily successive, were approved. Those packages contained the measures to be implemented in order to deepen the internal energy market. Besides the opening up of several national markets to competition, the European legislator aimed the creation of a real internal energy market within the European Union. The unbundling regime was one of the most important steps with respect to the liberalisation process. The introduction of these rules ensured independence to the various market operators. A real and effective right of choice was granted to the consumers so they may choose their electricity and natural gas supplier. Therefore, the activity of comercialisation is subject to competition. However, some activities of the electricity’s and natural gas’ chain of value, namely the activities of transportation and distribution, were kept under regulation rules. Even though it may seem odd, the assignment of important competences and strong powers to a regulatory authority was essential in order to achieve the liberalisation process’ goals. Electricity and natural gas are essential public goods; therefore the market operators are legally bound to public service obligations, such as the security, the universality and the continuity of the supply. The performance of these obligations may become, in some cases, unprofitable for those operators. For such reason, the protection of the consumers’ rights shall only be properly defended if there is a regulatory authority that monitors the behaviour of the operators and sanctions the failure to comply with the public service obligations. Portugal, as a Member State of the European Union, transposed into the national legal order the European directives concerning the liberalisation process. This transposition has caused radical changes to the electricity and natural gas’ national markets. The Entidade Reguladora dos Serviços Energéticos also suffered various mutations in order to keep up with the regulatory demands regarding the liberalisation process.
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The MAP-i Doctoral Programme in Informatics, of the Universities of Minho, Aveiro and Porto
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Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia de Sistemas
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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial
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Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia Industrial
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Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica
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Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia Industrial
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OBJETIVO: Realizar revisão sistemática de artigos que utilizaram o método de bissecção, para avaliar a percepção de tempo em idosos com doença de Alzheimer e analisar seus parâmetros. MÉTODO: As buscas dos artigos foram conduzidas no período de março a maio de 2011, nas seguintes bases de dados: Web of Science, Science Direct on Line, Biological Abstracts, PsychoInfo e Medline. As palavras-chave e operadores booleanos foram: "interval timing" ou "perception of time" ou "time discrimination" ou "reproduction of time" e "Alzheimer's disease". Também foram realizadas buscas manuais nas referências dos artigos selecionados. RESULTADOS: Quatro artigos contemplavam todos os critérios de inclusão, nos quais foram encontradas grandes variações nos parâmetros utilizados no método. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com doença de Alzheimer apresentam prejuízos nas tarefas de bissecção de tempo, que podem ser explicados pelo declínio gradual nas habilidades que são utilizadas no teste de percepção de tempo. Há grandes variações nos intervalos de tempo utilizados. Neste contexto, há necessidade de mais estudos, controlados e randomizados, para investigar potenciais efeitos das variações nos intervalos de tempo do método de bissecção. Os resultados de tais estudos poderão contribuir para o estabelecimento de parâmetros mais adequados e fidedignos.
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Dissertação de mestrado em Crime, Diferença e Desigualdade
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Dissertação de mestrado em Matemática
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Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Informática
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Comunicação Social – variante da comunicação estratégica
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Consideramos que existe una seria desarticulación y dispersión del sistema normativo que rige la relación laboral docente universitaria privada, principalmente por parte de los operadores jurídicos- empleadores y trabajadores docentes-. También percibimos que la reconstrucción que se hace para solucionar problemas prácticos en esta área del Derecho no exhibe respuestas satisfactorias a la especificidad de la relación laboral del docente universitario privado. En efecto, la docencia universitaria privada presenta nítidas diferencias jurídicas y fácticas con la docencia privada de los otros niveles (por lo cual aquélla no se halla regida por la ley 13.047 que rige a los docentes de los otros niveles). Pero también se diferencia con otras actividades laborales de distintas condiciones, influidas o no por el taylorismo-fordismo o toyotismo, y a la que la Ley de Contrato de Trabajo, que mayoritariamente se estima aplicable, no aprehende con precisión. También se diferencia en cuanto al régimen jurídico aplicable con la docencia universitaria estatal y quizás también en algunos elementos fácticos de la prestación laboral. Tales aspectos deficitarios pueden mejorar si se esclarece y reconstruye de modo integral el régimen jurídico laboral que los regula, según la legislación aplicable y las enseñanzas de la doctrina y la jurisprudencia al respecto. Procuraremos verificar cuáles son los principios y las normas que deberían regir la relación laboral docente universitaria privada argentina y su efectivo conocimiento y aplicación por parte de los inmediatos operadores jurídicos- empleadores y trabajadores docentes-. Si se detectan inadecuaciones normativas a la realidad que se trata y a la justicia social, lo que es altamente probable, se propiciará el dictado de normas de diferentes niveles de fuentes normativas para corregirlas.