A feminização na educação básica: Os docentes do género masculino na educação de crianças

O presente estudo tem por tema as representações de docentes do género masculino que exercem a sua actividade na educação pré-escolar ou no 1º ciclo do ensino básico acerca da sua carreira profissional, num contexto educativo e institucional histórica e socialmente feminizado. A grande finalidade do estudo era abordar e dar a conhecer o serviço desses profissionais, na sequência dos seus contactos com colegas, pais e crianças, e indagar se na perspectiva dos inquiridos, o fenómeno da feminização dos níveis de educação em que laboram pode ser avaliado como um problema ou disfunção social, ou como resultado das políticas educativas praticadas no nosso País, a longo e curto prazo. Como objectivos específicos a que se procurou dar resposta estiveram, nomeadamente, a indagação das razões que poderão ter levado estes docentes a ingressar nas carreiras profissionais em causa, o grau de aceitação que experienciaram nas suas instituições de formação inicial, no mercado de trabalho e nas comunidades em que desenvolvem a sua actividade profissional. Os dados através dos quais se procurou dar consecução a tais objectivos foram recolhidos com base na realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas a doze docentes da educação básica, sendo seis educadores e seis professores. A análise dos testemunhos dos inquiridos pareceu indicar, por um lado, que os mesmos terão beneficiado, no geral, de um enquadramento profissional não discriminatório e de uma boa aceitação por parte dos colegas, dos pais e das crianças, e, por outro, que, no seu entender, o estado de feminização deste sector educativo é uma consequência natural do contexto político, cultural e social que o País tem vindo a atravessar nas últimas décadas. ABSTRACT; This study is subject to the representations of male teachers who pursue their activities in pre-school education or the 1st cycle of basic education about their career, educational and institutional context in a historical and socially feminized. The major purpose of the study was addressing and raising awareness of the service of these professionals, as a result of their contacts with colleagues, parents and children, and whether, in view of respondents, the phenomenon of feminization of the levels of education may be operating in assessed as a problem or social dysfunction, or as a result of educational policies practiced in our country, the long and short term. As specific objectives to be sought to answer were, in particular the question of the reasons that may have led these teachers to enter the career in question, the degree of acceptance that experienced in their initial training, labour market and communities in which they conduct their business. The data through which we tried to achieve such objectives have been collected based on the performance of semi-structured to twelve basic education teachers, six educators and six teachers. The analysis of the testimonies of the respondents seem to indicate, first, that they have benefited, in general, a non-discriminatory business environment and a good acceptance by colleagues, parents and children, and secondly, that in their view, the state of feminization of education is a natural consequence of the political, cultural and social that the country has been experiencing in recent decades.

Contributos dos coordenadores de departamento curricular e dos delegados de grupo na avaliação de desempenho docente : estudo de caso numa escola básica e secundária no norte da Região Autónoma da Madeira

O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido no âmbito da dissertação de Mestrado em Supervisão Pedagógica e insere-se na linha de investigação de políticas educativas e supervisão pedagógica. Pretendeu-se encontrar, através da investigação que aqui se apresenta, os contributos dos coordenadores de departamento curricular e delegados de grupo com funções de avaliadores internos no processo de avaliação de desempenho docente. Procurou-se ainda encontrar o perfil dos avaliadores para se poder exercer o cargo, assim como apresentar o enquadramento teórico dos autores e legislação que o sustentam. Este estudo focalizou-se no Decreto Regulamentar Regional n.º 26/2012/M, de 8 de outubro que regulamenta as novas regras da avaliação de desempenho docente e a unidade de estudo deste trabalho é uma escola pública do ensino básico e secundário, no concelho de São Vicente, Norte da Madeira. Para dar cumprimento aos eixos de análise do trabalho utilizou-se a metodologia qualitativa estudo de caso e através de uma análise documental, de inquéritos por entrevista dirigidos aos 12 avaliadores internos - coordenadores de departamento e delegados de grupo - e aos 14 docentes avaliados, considerados a amostra da dimensão interna, encontrou-se um perfil de avaliador interno de desempenho docente na prática, assim como os contributos destes na avaliação de desempenho docente, de acordo com a legislação regional da Madeira. Tendo por base os resultados obtidos, concluímos que o novo modelo de avaliação de desempenho de docente é um modelo formativo, privilegia o trabalho colaborativo, promove a reflexão, a partilha e a troca de experiências, bem como a melhoria das práticas pedagógicas e o desenvolvimento profissional, apesar da conjuntura atual não promover a progressão na carreira devido ao congelamento como medida de austeridade, o que desmotiva os docentes avaliados e faz ainda com que estes profissionais encarem a avaliação interna como um trabalho menos sério, que não premeia o desempenho e o mérito.

Justice envers les enfants et légitimité politique en éducation

L’idée selon laquelle les enfants sont des sujets à part entière de considérations de justice n’est pas très contestée. Les enfants ont des intérêts qui leur sont propres et ont un statut moral indépendant de leurs parents : ils ne sont ni la propriété de ces derniers ni une simple extension de leur personne. Pourtant, les travaux des plus grands théoriciens de la justice en philosophie politique contemporaine ne contiennent pas de discussion systématique du statut moral et politique des enfants et du contenu de nos obligations à leur égard. Cette thèse contribue à remédier à cette omission à travers l’examen de quatre grandes questions principales. (1) Quelles sont les obligations de justice de l’état libéral envers les enfants ? (2) Quels types de politiques publiques en matière d’éducation des enfants sont moralement légitimes ? (3) Jusqu’à quel point est-il moralement acceptable pour les parents de délibérément forger la vision du monde de leurs enfants ? (4) Quels critères moraux devraient guider l’élaboration de politiques en matière d’éducation morale dans les écoles ? Cette thèse est constituée de quatre articles. Le premier, « Political Liberalism and Children’s Education », aborde les questions du fondement normatif et des implications du principe de ‘neutralité éducative’ ou ‘anti-perfectionnisme éducatif’. Selon ce principe, il n’est pas légitime pour l’État libéral de délibérément promouvoir, à travers ses politiques publiques en éducation, une conception particulière de la vie bonne. L’article défend les idées suivantes. D’abord, ledit principe est exclusivement fondé sur des raisons de justice envers les parents. Ensuite, l’anti-perfectionnisme libéral n’est pas, pour autant, ‘mauvais pour les enfants’, puisqu’une vaste gamme d’interventions politiques dans la vie familiale et l’éducation des enfants sont, de manière surprenante, justifiables dans ce cadre théorique. Le deuxième article, « On the Permissibility of Shaping Children’s Values », examine la question de savoir si les parents ont un droit moral de forger délibérément l’identité, la conception du monde et les valeurs de leurs enfants. L’article développe une critique de la conception anti-perfectionniste des devoirs parentaux et propose un nouvel argument libéral à l’appui d’un droit parental conditionnel de forger l’identité de leurs enfants. L’article introduit également une distinction importante entre les notions d’éducation compréhensive et d’« enrôlement » compréhensif. Le troisième article, « Common Education and the Practice of Liberal Neutrality: The Loyola High School Case », défend trois thèses principales à travers une analyse normative de l’affaire juridique de l’école Loyola. Premièrement, il est légitime pour l’État libéral d’adopter un modèle d’éducation commune fort. Deuxièmement, la thèse selon laquelle la neutralité comme approche éducative serait impossible est injustifiée. Troisièmement, il existe néanmoins de bonnes raisons pour l’État libéral d’accommoder plusieurs écoles religieuses qui rejettent le modèle de la neutralité. Le quatrième article, « Which Moral Issues Should be Taught as Controversial? », critique à la fois le critère ‘épistémique’ dominant pour déterminer quels enjeux moraux devraient être enseignés aux jeunes comme ‘controversés’, et à la fois la manière dont le débat sur l’enseignement des enjeux controversés fut construit au cours des dernières années, d’un point de vue substantiel et méthodologique. L’article propose une manière alternative d’aborder le débat, laquelle prend adéquatement en compte la pluralité des objectifs de l’éducation et un ensemble d’autres considérations morales pertinentes.

A importância da música na transmissão de identidade e valores : o caso do grupo Noite de Mindelo : investigação ação através de um concerto pedagógico realizado em São Vicente, Cabo Verde

O propósito deste trabalho consistiu em elaborar uma análise aprofundada da música cabo-verdiana no contexto educativo enquanto expressão artística, identificando e valorizando o seu papel na identidade nacional e descrevendo os fatores que interferem na sua implementação e generalização a todos os níveis do ensino. Tendo como modelo de pesquisa uma investigação-ação e utilizando uma metodologia qualitativa e interpretativa, desenvolvida no contexto da Educação Artística em Cabo Verde a nível formal e informal, realizou-se um concerto pedagógico no Centro Cultural de Mindelo, ilha de São Vicente Cabo Verde. O projeto debruçou-se sobre a análise dos dois principais géneros musicais cabo-verdianos, a Morna e a Coladeira, os grandes compositores e intérpretes destes géneros, no sentido de provocar uma reflexão e inclusão do estudo da Expressão Musical no contexto educativo cabo-verdiano, como disciplina autónoma capaz de despertar o sentimento de identidade e valores que caracterizam uma Nação. A escolha do concerto através da avaliação dos espectadores permitiu concluir que o ensino aprendizagem da Música em Cabo Verde no contexto educativo requer uma outra abordagem, a elaboração de programas, assim como a contratação de docentes competentes para desenvolvimento dos conteúdos. Mindelo, como ilha tradicionalmente artística, está aquém desta referência e impõe a introdução de políticas educativas que possam inverter esta tendência e criar condições adequadas para que os alunos e a população se interiorizem da importância do ensino das Expressões Artísticas como vetores importantes na transmissão de identidade e valores. A prossecução de investigação nesta área e o incentivo ao desenvolvimento desta temática recomendam-se como forma de dar a conhecer os grandes artistas cabo-verdianos, as grandes composições e despertar o interesse no seio das crianças e dos jovens para a importância do estudo das Artes como uma forma lúdica de aprender e uma possibilidade de ser um artista como tantos que cantaram e cantam Cabo Verde.

Evaluating the Portuguese National Reading Plan: teachers’ perceptions on the impact in schools

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10671-014-9171-y

La política educativa y su compromiso con la equidad social y el desarrollo sostenible

The article centers its analysis in two areas of the current educational policies in Costa Rica: the statements that the document contains about its commitment with the social equity and the sustainable development, subject that has a strong relationship with rural education, its conceptualization, its planning, and its development. At the same time, it traces a brief description of the development of the right to education in the nation’s politics, showing advances of the country’s vulnerable groups, with the promulgation of new laws that these sectors have been reaching through fights and organized demands.

An Analysis from a Socio-critical Approach

This paper analyzes the political and ideological dimensions of disability, from a socio-critical approach, in order to identify key structural processes underlying the educational policies concerning disability. The paper compares the ideas and approaches of various authors, and points out the relevance of the topic to promote inclusive education in higher education.

Raising Awareness on Teacher Training Changes: Perspectives and Challenges

One of the numerous challenges in the educational processes is teacher training, particularly in the framework of neo-liberal global societies ruled by the competitiveness of regular and continuous education programs in teacher training. It is a matter of concern and, therefore, a matter of analysis, if we consider the deep impact in all contexts. Accordingly, this paper discusses the situation from a descriptive perspective as a basic requirement to go beyond the analysis on the urgency of having clear educational policies related to the variety and quality of curricular programs; and, above all, a strong awareness from teacher trainers to see themselves as the critical creative mass from which change can be made, based on socially human proposals.  

Educational Television Broadcasting in Germany: Prevailing Practices, Existing Challenges and Adoptable Policies

Television is widely used for educational purposes but has still not achieved its fullest potential neither in developed nor in developing countries. This worldwide under performance invite experts and academics to join hands to search causes and provide suggestions to make television a better and popular learning tool. Guided by this philosophy, the present paper analyzes the educational television broadcasting in Germany from different perspectives. The focus of analysis includes measures and practices adopted by German institutions/broadcasters to promote educational television. Besides dealing with these issues, the paper discusses existing challenges and suggests best adoptable educational television broadcasting polices from Germany to promote educational television in global perspectives.

Educação física e inclusão educacional : entender para atender = Physical education and educational inclusion : understanding to attend

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

The endgame for national girls' schooling policies in Australia?

Gender equity: A framework for Australian schools is the most recent policy dealing with gender in schools at the national level in Australia. This paper provides a critical discourse analysis of the policy document, tracking two themes: 'the construction of gender', and 'equity: a discourse of education for all boys and girls'. Through this analysis the authors argue that the policy signals a substantial shift in focus-from girls and boys in relation to girls, to both girls and boys-within a framework of presumptive equality. It is also argued that the policy shuts down federal involvement in policy for girls' schooling. In the process, responsibility is devolved to the states and territories where, in many cases, gender equity programs will be struggled over at a local, school-based level. At the same time, however, spaces have been created which potentially enable new strategies for gender equity policies in Australian schools.

Adult learning and education policies in Germany, Portugal and Sweden: An analysis of national reports to CONFINTEA VI

The chapter presents a theoretical proposal of three analytical models of Adult Learning and Education (ALE) policies. Some analytical categories and the corresponding dimensions are organised according to the ALE rationale which is typical of each social policy model. Historical, cultural and educational features are mentioned in connexion with the different policy models and its interpretative capacity to making sense of policies and practices implemented in Germany, Portugal and Sweden. !e analysis includes the states of the art and the official representations of ALE produced by the respective national authorities through national reports which were presented to CONFINTEA VI (2009).

The Portuguese programme one laptop per child: political, educational and social impact

In 2008, the XVII Portuguese Constitutional Government launched the ‘e.escolinha’ programme, within the Technological Plan for Education, which set out the distribution of a computer, called ‘Magalhães’, designed for chil-dren attending the 1st cycle of basic education. Suspended in 2011 by the XIX Government, this programme has allowed, however, almost 500 000 children to have access to a personal computer. It was expected that this political measure would “revolutionise” the national education system by bringing changes to the pedagogical practices of teachers and the learning processes of children and by achieving educational success, in general. Based on documental analysis and on a set of interviews with key decision-makers in conceiving, implementing and monitoring this governmental initiative, the fi rst part of this chapter presents and analyses the ‘e.escolinha’ initiative and the policies be-hind that governmental programme, seeking to disassemble those objectives and provide some insights into the relationship between discourses, rhetoric, and reality. After that, the chapter focuses on children’s uses and practices with the ‘Magalhães’ laptop, at school and at home. Based on the results of questionnaires fi lled in by approximately 1500 children from 32 First Cycle public schools of the municipality of Braga (north of Portugal) and also from questionnaires applied to their parents and teachers, this chapter intends to analyse the real impact of this initiative for children, family and school. It also seeks to discuss the contribution of this educational policy to children’s digital literacy and also to their own and their families’ social and digital inclusion. To understand if it represented an added value to teachers’ pedagogical practice is another of its aims. The fi ndings point out a major focus on technology and access rather than on uses and competences or even on social, educational and cultural change. In fact, a major conclusion is the existence of a strong gap between the policy and the practices, typical of a top-down policy design. This study is an integrant part of a research project titled “Navigating with ‘Magalhães’: Study on the Impact of Digital Media in Schoolchildren” conducted at the University of Minho, Portugal, financed by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [PTDC/CCI-COM/101381/2008] and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund [COMPETE: FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-009056].