Eficacia del ataque y del lanzamiento de los cuatro primeros clasificados en balonmano masculino de los Juegos ODESUR 2014

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la eficacia de las acciones de ataque de los cuatro primeros clasificados en balonmano masculino de los Juegos Suramericanos 2014 (ODESUR) y comparar con los principales torneos internacionales (JJOO, CM y CE). No se han encontrado antecedentes de estudios en esta competición del circuito olímpico. Se siguieron las pautas establecidas para la metodología observacional. Los resultados mostraron que dentro de los juegos Suramericanos se observaron diferencias entre ganadores y perdedores en el número de finalizaciones con lanzamiento y en la realización de malos pases. No aparecen diferencias significativas en la eficacia de lanzamiento. Estos niveles de eficacia del ataque y lanzamiento fueron inferiores a otras competiciones de alto nivel.

Do Institutional Participatory Projects Contribute to the Development of Political Capabilities?

Participation usually sets off from the bottom up, taking the form of more or less enduring forms of collective action with varying degrees of infl uence. However, a number of projects have been launched by political institutions in the last decades with a view to engaging citizens in public affairs and developing their democratic habits, as well as those of the administration. This paper analyses the political qualifying capacity of the said projects, i.e. whether participating in them qualifi es individuals to behave as active citizens; whether these projects foster greater orientation towards public matters, intensify (or create) political will, and provide the necessary skills and expertise to master this will. To answer these questions, data from the comparative analysis of fi ve participatory projects in France and Spain are used, shedding light on which features of these participatory projects contribute to the formation of political subjects and in which way. Finally, in order to better understand this formative dimension, the formative capacity of institutional projects is compared with the formative dimension of other forms of participation spontaneously developed by citizens.

Cooperative or collaborative learning: Is there a difference in university students’ perceptions?

The hypothesis that the same educational objective, raised as cooperative or collaborative learning in university teaching does not affect students’ perceptions of the learning model, leads this study. It analyses the reflections of two students groups of engineering that shared the same educational goals implemented through two different methodological active learning strategies: Simulation as cooperative learning strategy and Problem-based Learning as a collaborative one. The different number of participants per group (eighty-five and sixty-five, respectively) as well as the use of two active learning strategies, either collaborative or cooperative, did not show differences in the results from a qualitative perspective.

Collectively coping with contact: The role of intragroup support in dealing with the challenges of intergroup mixing in residential contexts

The social identity approach to stress has shown how intragroup support processes shape individuals' responses to stress across health care, workplace, and community settings. However, the issue of how these 'social cure' processes can help cope with the stress of intergroup contact has yet to be explored. This is particularly important given the pivotal role of intergroup threat and anxiety in the experience of contact as well as the effect of contact on extending the boundaries of group inclusion. This study applies this perspective to a real-life instance of residential contact in a divided society. Semi-structured interviews with 14 Catholic and 13 Protestant new residents of increasingly mixed areas of Belfast city, Northern Ireland, were thematically analysed. Results highlight that transitioning to mixed communities was fraught with intergroup anxiety, especially for those coming from 'single identity' areas. Help from existing residents, especially when offered by members of other religious denominations, signalled a 'mixed community ethos' to new residents, which facilitated adopting and sharing this identity. This shared identity then enabled them to deal with unexpected intergroup threats and provided resilience to future sectarian division. New residents who did not adopt this shared identity remained isolated, fearful, and prone to negative contact.

Estratégias para a organização da pesquisa em cana-de-açúcar: uma análise de governança em sistemas de inovação

PEDRO, Edilson da Silva. Estratégias para a organização da pesquisa em cana-de-açúcar: uma análise de governança em sistemas de inovação. 2008. 226f. Tese (Doutorado em Política Científica e Tecnológica) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 2008.

Stress på akutmottagningen ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv : En litteraturstudie

Sjuksköterskor som arbetar på akutmottagningar utsätts regelbundet för stress. Det medför psykiska och fysiska besvär för sjuksköterskor och försämrad omvårdnad för patienten. Studien avser att utifrån vetenskaplig litteratur sammanställa de faktorer som leder till stress för sjuksköterskor som arbetar på akutmottagningar och hur vården påverkas av stressade sjuksköteskor. Syfte Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva vilka faktorer på akutmottagningen som upplevdes bidra till stress för sjuksköterskor som arbetar på en akutmottagning och hur stressen påverkar sjuksköterskors möjligheter att erbjuda en god vård för patienter på akutmottagningen. Metod Studien har genomförts som en litteraturstudie. I studien användes 15 artiklar som bestod av både kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Materialet hämtades i databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. Resultat Resultatet visar att det finns flera olika faktorer som bidrar till stress för sjuksköterskor på akutmottagningen. Stressande faktorer visade sig utifrån studierna i resultatet vara; hög arbetsbelastning och låg bemanning, avsaknad av tid för reflektion för sjuksköterskan, att vårda barn i stressade situationer, hot och våld på akutmottagningen, kommunikation samt smärta och lidande. Hur vården påverkas av sjuksköterskors stress på akutmottagningen var utifrån studierna att patientsäkerheten blev försämrad och att vårdrelationen påverkades. Slutsats Författarna drar slutsatsen att stress påverkar sjuksköteskors arbetsuppgifter på akutmottagningen. Patienters möjlighet till patientsäker och god vård på akutmottagningen påverkas negativt av stressade sjuksköterskor. För att komma till rätta med sjuksköterskebristen på akutmottagningar så är det av betydelse för sjukhusledningen att arbeta preventivt mot stressade sjuksköterskor.

La victimisation par les pairs et le fait d'apporter des objets pouvant servir d'arme à l'école

Les élèves vivant dans la crainte d’être victimisés par leurs pairs peuvent se comporter de différentes façons, notamment en évitant de se rendre à l’école ou encore en imaginant différents moyens d’autoprotection (ex., apporter divers objets potentiellement dangereux à l’école). L’objectif de ce mémoire est de vérifier s’il existe des liens entre la victimisation par les pairs et le fait d’apporter des objets potentiellement dangereux et pouvant servir d’arme à l’école. L’échantillon est composé de 28 015 élèves de la première à la cinquième secondaire (12 à 17 ans) en provenance des écoles secondaires publiques du Québec. Les participants ont rempli le Questionnaire sur la Sécurité et la Violence à l’école Révisé (QSVE-R) visant à dresser le portrait de la violence dans les établissements scolaires du Québec. Les résultats démontrent que 5,1 % des élèves, davantage de garçons (8,2 %) que de filles (2,1 %) disent avoir déjà apporté un objet potentiellement dangereux à l’école. Le risque d’apporter ces objets augmente avec l’âge et c’est le couteau qui est l’objet le plus populaire auprès des répondants. L’étude confirme l’influence de la victimisation de type direct (insultes-menaces et agressions physiques), du sexe (garçons) et de l’âge (17 ans et plus) sur le fait d’apporter un objet pouvant servir d’arme à l’école. En plus de proposer des pistes d’études futures pour en connaître davantage sur ce que vivent les élèves victimisés à l’école, les conclusions de cette recherche soulèvent l’importance d’aider ces jeunes victimes à développer de meilleures stratégies afin de mieux gérer cette situation pénible, et amènent des réflexions pour orienter les interventions visant à créer des milieux scolaires sécurisants pour tous.

Die Stadtbäder der Goldenen Zwanziger. Kommunale Prestigearchitektur zwischen Tradition und Moderne

Die Dissertation behandelt eine für das Badewesen bedeutende Epoche, die sich durch den Beginn des sportorientierten Bäderbaus auszeichnet. Es entsteht ein neuer architektonischer Hallenschwimmbadtypus und es etabliert sich eine gemeinsame Badekultur von Mann und Frau - zwei Errungenschaften, die den Bäderbau bis in die Gegenwart prägen. Viele Bauprojekte und Ideen kamen allerdings durch die Wirtschaftskrisen jener Zeit frühzeitig zum Erliegen, sodass die baulichen Leistungen der Kommunen nicht nur an den Ausführungen, sondern auch an den Entwürfen abgelesen werden müssen. Die kommunale Hallenbäderarchitektur veranschaulicht paradigmatisch die Sozialgeschichte, die Sport- und Hygienebewegung sowie die Genderentwicklung der Zwanziger Jahre. Mangels an Würdigung einerseits sowie einer seit den letzten Jahrzehnten zunehmenden Freizeitorientierung im Bäderbau andererseits wird der Erhalt der schwimmsportorientierten Bäderarchitektur durch Leerstände, Umnutzungen und Abbrüche gefährdet. Durch die Aufarbeitung der Historie und zeitgenössischen Diskurse, die Vermittlung der planerischen Grundlagen sowie durch die Analyse, Auswertung und Typologie des historischen Bäderbestandes der Zwanziger Jahre wird eine fundierte Basis geschaffen, um die Hallenbäderarchitektur als Bedeutungsträger ihrer Zeit angemessen zu würdigen.

Strävan efter värdighet : En studie av servicearbete

The focus of this study is dignity in low status service work. Using labels such as bad jobs, McJobs and dirty work, these jobs have been described as low-skilled, low-paid, monotonous and physically demanding with lack of voice and no job security. Research on dignity at work is especially relevant in a time when different ambitions for more dignified work, initiated by political parties as well as unions, tend to be forgotten or down-prioritized. This study investigates what conditions are preventing dignity among low status service workers and how they create and maintain dignity for themselves. What briefly has been found is that dignity can be prevented by unreasonable demands, constant control, exposed work and mismanagement. Moreover, customerprerogative can prevent dignity when employees are being mistreated by disrespectful customers. Dignity is also hindered by frightening customers, especially in the case of sexual harassment, threats and violence. In this study theories about working conditions and professional status are brought together to explain experiences of dignity at work. Service workers do not only have managers to deal with, but also customers whose treatment is reflected by the status of the service occupation. Besides, working conditions and professional status are two mechanisms acting together when it comes to experiences of dignity at work and may thus result in double tensions in daily work.   Acts for dignity, meaning different ways in which the service workers create and maintain dignity for themselves, are reactions to the obstacles to dignity at work. Three different categories of acts for dignity can be found. The identity-bolstering acts help the workers maintain their professional identity or self-image when it is threatened by different obstacles to dignity. The justifying acts mean that the workers legitimize different obstacles to dignity. Finally, the compensating acts help the workers to even out different obstacles to dignity.

Assessing the resilience of water supply systems in Oman

Water systems in the Sultanate of Oman are inevitably exposed to varied threats and hazards due to both natural and man-made hazards. Natural disasters, especially tropical cyclone Gonu in 2007, cause immense damage to water supply systems in Oman. At the same time water loss from leaks is a major operational problem. This research developed an integrated approach to identify and rank the risks to the water sources, transmission pipelines and distribution networks in Oman and suggests appropriate mitigation measures. The system resilience was evaluated and an emergency response plan for the water supplies developed. The methodology involved mining the data held by the water supply utility for risk and resilience determination and operational data to support calculations of non-revenue water. Risk factors were identified, ranked and scored at a stakeholder workshop and the operational information required was principally gathered from interviews. Finally, an emergency response plan was developed by evaluating the risk and resilience factors. The risk analysis and assessment used a Coarse Risk Analysis (CRA) approach and risk scores were generated using a simple risk matrix based on WHO recommendations. The likelihoods and consequences of a wide range of hazardous events were identified through a key workshop and subsequent questionnaires. The thesis proposes a method of translating the detailed risk evaluations into resilience scores through a methodology used in transportation networks. A water audit indicated that the percentage of NRW in Oman is greater than 35% which is similar to other Gulf countries but high internationally. The principal strategy for managing NRW used in the research was the AWWA water audit method which includes free to use software and was found to be easy to apply in Oman. The research showed that risks to the main desalination processes can be controlled but the risk due to feed water quality might remain high even after implementing mitigation measures because the intake is close to an oil port with a significant risk of oil contamination and algal blooms. The most severe risks to transmission mains were found to be associated with pipe rather than pump failure. The systems in Oman were found to be moderately resilient, the resilience of desalination plants reasonably high but the transmission mains and pumping stations are very vulnerable. The integrated strategy developed in this study has a wide applicability, particularly in the Gulf area, which may have risks from exceptional events and will be experiencing NRW. Other developing countries may also experience such risks but with different magnitudes and the risk evaluation tables could provide a useful format for further work.

Avoimen datan käyttäminen peleissä

Tämä kandidaatintyö keskittyy avoimen datan käyttämiseen peleissä nyt ja tulevaisuudessa. Sen tavoitteena on tutkia avoimen datan hyötyjä, saatavuutta ja mahdollisuuksia. Tuloksena selvisi, että useimmissa tapauksissa datan avaamisesta hyötyvät kaikki osapuolet. Runsaasti erilaista avointa dataa on saatavilla monissa erilaissa tiedostomuodoissa, moniin eri tarkoituksiin. Avoin data on hyödyllistä peleissä, koska sen avulla voidaan luoda monenlaista sisältöä niihin. Joitakin onnistuneita kokeiluja on jo tehty peleillä ja avoimella datalla, joten se voi olla hyvin tärkeä osa pelialaa tulevaisuudessa.

The strategic role of design in supporting knowledge exchange

Within the last decade design has had a strategic role in tackling escalating environmental, social and economic problems. Through design thinking, creative methods have been applied to problem solving in a process of collaboration and designers working in new territories and knowledge domains. As the designer has moved further afield the method of Knowledge Exchange (KE) has become more recognised as a democratic approach to collaboration with the ethos that everyone has something creative and productive to offer. This paper provides reflections on early stage findings from a strategic design innovation process in which collaborative partnerships between academics, SMEs and designers emerged through KE and suggests that there is value to be had from using design strategically for not only those from a business or academic background but also for those from the design community and points to a need for more training for designers from all disciplines in how to use design strategically

Estratégias para a organização da pesquisa em cana-de-açúcar: uma análise de governança em sistemas de inovação

PEDRO, Edilson da Silva. Estratégias para a organização da pesquisa em cana-de-açúcar: uma análise de governança em sistemas de inovação. 2008. 226f. Tese (Doutorado em Política Científica e Tecnológica) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 2008.

Incidence of violent behavior among patients in Psychiatric Intensive Care Units

Background and Objectives: Both psychiatric acute units and psychiatric intensive care units (PICUs) focus on acute treatment of behavioral disturbances such as violence and aggressive threats and acts. The aim of the present study is to describe the frequency of violent behavior; such as verbal or physical threats and physical attacks, among patients admitted to psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU). In addition the relationship between the episodes of threats and/or attacks in relation to time of the day, days of the week, and their seasonal variations was explored. Methods: All violent behavior was continuously assessed at the psychiatric emergency department. Data were collected during the period from May 2010 to May 2012. Results: Patients with only one hospitalization were less violent than those who have had two hospitalizations. There was a statistically significant difference in violence among patients without formal secondary education and those who have not formal education. Violent behavior showed two peaks during the day; the first occurring at 1 pm and the second at 8 pm. In regard to seasonality, summer had a higher incidence of violence. The most peaceful seasons of the year were spring and autumn. Conclusions: Violent behavior shows variation in daytime, days of the week and season in acute psychiatric intensive care. Daytime variation shows two peaks of violence at 1 pm and 8 pm, Sundays and Wednesdays being the quietest days regarding violence both in winter and summer. Patient's level of education and hospitalization status partially explain the variation.