A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CURRÍCULO HUMANIZADOR NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: um estudo a partir de experiências concretas

O presente trabalho procura analisar e avaliar os mecanismos que favorecem ou dificultam a participação de famílias e outros atores que compõem o cenário educativo como coautores no processo de construção do projeto político pedagógico das instituições de educação infantil, bem como identificar e analisar práticas educacionais democráticas voltadas à garantia de uma escola pública de qualidade para a infância. O estudo bibliográfico apresenta reflexões sobre os impactos dos condicionantes sociais, culturais e econômicos da sociedade contemporânea na construção dos currículos escolares. Procura também analisar a contribuição da educação escolar na construção e na consolidação dos princípios da sociedade democrática. A pesquisa de campo lança mão de relato de quatro experiências concretas (denominadas "episódios") sobre trabalho coletivo, vivenciadas pela autora em diferentes espaços e tempos, todas na educação pública no município de São Paulo. Embora cada episódio esteja contextualizado em determinado tempo e espaço, envolvendo ainda a singularidade de seus atores sociais, são retomados neste trabalho os princípios convergentes que nortearam cada experiência a partir das categorias visão totalizadora, visão interdisciplinar, visão holística e visão heurística. Complementarmente, a análise documental utilizou as atas do Conselho de Escola do período 2007-2011 de uma Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil do município de São Paulo. A opção por estes documentos como instrumentos para análise justifica-se por se constituir o Conselho de Escola um dos espaços institucionalizados de discussão e tomada de decisões em que todos os segmentos da escola encontram-se representados. Assim, tendo como pano de fundo deste estudo a prática da gestão democrática, a análise de tais documentos permite melhor compreensão sobre as possibilidades e os limites que se estabelecem num colegiado de caráter deliberativo, diante de sua sujeição à administração pública. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram pensados no sentido de se identificar, compreender e compartilhar práticas que colaborem para a construção de uma pedagogia humanizadora, levando em conta as dimensões humanas em toda a sua complexidade.  

APRENDIZAGENS NA MODALIDADE EAD: A ÓPTICA DE ALUNOS DO CURSO DE LETRAS DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR DO GRANDE ABC

Com os avanços tecnológicos de comunicação e informação (TICs) e a utilização em larga escala da internet, tem-se uma inovação no processo educativo que pode se valer de instrumentos diferenciados e permitir acesso à informação e à educação para um maior número de pessoas. A partir dessa evolução, a implantação de programas nacionais de Educação a Distância (EAD) no país começou a ocorrer de forma significativa. Esta modalidade acompanha o avanço das tecnologias e a democratização do acesso à educação, expandindo-se de forma visível, conquistando novos espaços e permitindo que o processo da educação aconteça de maneira eficiente, buscando formar discentes críticos e participativos do seu processo de formação educacional. Com base nesta perspectiva, este trabalho teve como objetivo discutir a aprendizagem sob a óptica do aluno de um curso de Letras na modalidade EAD. Realizou-se, para tanto, a contextualização histórica da EAD no mundo, no Brasil e na instituição alvo desta pesquisa. A metodologia utilizada para este fim foi uma pesquisa qualitativa e o corpus de pesquisa são as respostas dos sujeitos participantes a um questionário de caráter exploratório. Foram elaboradas três categorias para análise do conteúdo das respostas Opção pelo curso em EAD: tecnologia versus disponibilidade temporal; Interação via AVA: desvelando o preparo dos atores atuantes na modalidade e Fatores que implicam no processo de aprendizagem na modalidade EAD: autonomia, organização e comprometimento. Alguns aspectos se evidenciaram nesta pesquisa e possibilitaram concluir que a EAD na instituição pesquisada tem buscado contemplar as necessidades existentes nesse cenário, por meio do oferecimento de ações educativas e de recursos tecnológicos que possam oferecer aos alunos uma educação de qualidade, com uma relação de interação contínua, na qual a distância não seja uma limitação. Para tanto, requer dos alunos uma postura de comprometimento, interesse, organização e disciplina, pois dessa forma, as aprendizagens nessa modalidade podem ser tão significativas e eficazes quanto na presencial. Nesse sentido, foi possível inferir também, que os alunos da EAD têm procurado responder a tais exigências adequando-se a elas de forma consciente ao demonstrar, sobretudo, autonomia e visão crítica de que só assim poderão se tornar sujeitos ativos e participativos do processo de construção do próprio conhecimento.

O DIRETOR ESCOLAR E A IDÉIA DE DEMOCRACIA: UM OLHAR A PARTIR DA FORMAÇÃO

O presente trabalho apresenta uma reflexão e uma discussão em torno dos modelos de democracia, presentes nos gestores e em suas práticas pedagógicas. Essa leitura é feita a partir de processos de formação que incluem toda a trajetória das pessoas envolvidas na busca das formas de apropriação dos ideais de democracia presentes em cada um e em suas etapas de formação para a vida e para a profissão. O suporte teórico pauta-se no ouvir contar , ou seja, nos relatos orais das histórias de vida de cada um dos envolvidos. Infância, dolescência, juventude e maturidade permeiam-se na busca de respostas para os referenciais que cada um dos agentes possui. Dialoguei com as memórias dos entrevistados na busca da descoberta da idéia que cada um dos entrevistados carrega a respeito da gestão democrática. Olhei para as subjetividades e descobri um universo muito mais complexo do que aquele abordado pelas bibliografias a respeito do assunto. Descobri que as pessoas constroem suas concepções ao longo da vida e se relacionam com estas através das situações mais formais, tais como a profissão. O trabalho está estruturado em três capítulos, seguidos de anexos.

DA INVISIBILIDADE AFRO-BRASILEIRA À VALORIZAÇÃO DA DIVERSIDADE CULTURAL: A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA LEI 10639/03 NA REDE MUNICIPAL DE ENSINO DE SÃO BERNARDO DO CAMPO

Esta pesquisa teve como pano de fundo a história, as legislações e ações de âmbito nacional referentes ao tema das relações étnico-raciais. O foco central de estudo foram as práticas educativas de professores da Educação Básica, especificamente na realidade sócio-educacional de escolas públicas da rede municipal de ensino da cidade de São Bernardo do Campo. Para isso, à luz da lei 10.639/2003 que alterou a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional e incluiu a história e cultura afrobrasileira no currículo oficial de ensino, analisou-se o que justificou o desenvolvimento de projetos pedagógicos sobre essa temática por aproximadamente 400 professores nos anos de 2008 e 2009, período em que não havia investimentos significativos da Secretaria de Educação no que se refere ao tema. A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa de natureza interpretativa, foram aplicados questionários aos professores, para saber o que motivou a realização dos projetos e o papel da formação nesse contexto. Analisou-se, ainda, como as práticas docentes têm contribuído para a discussão do papel da escola (problematizadora /reprodutora) em relação à implementação da Lei 10639/03. A pesquisa constatou que os processos de formação em suas diferentes modalidades podem ser um importante disparador para o desenvolvimento de trabalhos significativos sobre a temática das relações étnico-raciais. Evidenciou, ainda, a importância das leis mencionadas, se não para resolver a questão da invisibilidade da história da África e suas contribuições para a história e cultura brasileira, para contribuir também na problematização das relações raciais e apontar novos caminhos para redução das grandes diferenças sociais existentes no interior das escolas brasileiras.

Practicing social e-atmospherics:French and Turkish web designers' perspectives

E-atmospherics have motivated an emerging body of research which reports that both virtual layouts and atmospherics encourage consumers to modify their shopping habits. While the literature has analyzed mainly the functional aspect of e-atmospherics, little has been done in terms of linking its characteristics’ to social (co-) creation. This paper focuses on the anatomy of social dimension in relation to e-atmospherics, which includes factors such as the aesthetic design of space, the influence of visual cues, interpretation of shopping as a social activity and meaning of appropriate interactivity. We argue that web designers are social agents who interact within intangible social reference sets, restricted by social standards, value, beliefs, status and duties embedded within their local geographies. We aim to review the current understanding of the importance and voluntary integration of social cues displayed by web designers from a mature market and an emerging market, and provides an analysis based recommendation towards the development of an integrated e-social atmospheric framework. Results report the findings from telephone interviews with an exploratory set of 10 web designers in each country. This allows us to re-interpret the web designers’ reality regarding social E-atmospherics. We contend that by comprehending (before any consumer input) social capital, daily micro practices, habits and routine, deeper understanding of social e-atmospherics preparatory, initial stages and expected functions will be acquired.

The influence of social e-atmospherics in practice:a website content analysis perspectives from Turkey as an illustration of emerging market and France as a mature market

E-atmospherics have been often analyzed in terms of functional features, leaving its characteristics' link to social capital co-creation as a fertile research area. Prior research have demonstrated the capacity of e-atmospherics' at modifying shopping habits towards deeper engagement. Little is known on how processes and cues emerging from the social aspects of lifestyle influence purchasing behavior. The anatomy of social dimension and ICT is the focus of this research, where attention is devoted to unpack the meanings and type of online mundane social capital creation. Taking a cross-product/services approach to better investigate social construction impact, our approach also involves both an emerging and a mature market where exploratory content analysis of landing page are done on Turkish and French web sites, respectively. We contend that by comprehending social capital, daily micro practices, habits and routine, a better and deeper understanding on e-atmospherics incumbent and potential effects on its multi-national e-customer will be acquired.

Effects of syllable structure in aphasic errors:implications for a new model of speech production

Current models of word production assume that words are stored as linear sequences of phonemes which are structured into syllables only at the moment of production. This is because syllable structure is always recoverable from the sequence of phonemes. In contrast, we present theoretical and empirical evidence that syllable structure is lexically represented. Storing syllable structure would have the advantage of making representations more stable and resistant to damage. On the other hand, re-syllabifications affect only a minimal part of phonological representations and occur only in some languages and depending on speech register. Evidence for these claims comes from analyses of aphasic errors which not only respect phonotactic constraints, but also avoid transformations which move the syllabic structure of the word further away from the original structure, even when equating for segmental complexity. This is true across tasks, types of errors, and, crucially, types of patients. The same syllabic effects are shown by apraxic patients and by phonological patients who have more central difficulties in retrieving phonological representations. If syllable structure was only computed after phoneme retrieval, it would have no way to influence the errors of phonological patients. Our results have implications for psycholinguistic and computational models of language as well as for clinical and educational practices.

Method of Linear Programming as an Idea for High School Curriculum

2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 97D40, 97M10, 97M40, 97N60, 97N80, 97R80

A Мodel for Assessment of Professional Competence in Physical Therapy Students

Report published in the Proceedings of the National Conference on "Education and Research in the Information Society", Plovdiv, May, 2015

University-led innovative and inspirational engineering education

The UK Government and large employers have recognised the skills gap between learners leaving the education system and the requirements of employers. The current system is seen to be failing significant numbers of learners and has been accused of schooling but not educating our young people. University-led technical colleges are one part of the solution being developed to provide outstanding engineering education. This paper focusses on the learning experience that the Aston University Engineering Academy, the first University-led University Technical College (UTC), has created for entrants to the Engineering Academy in September 2012, when it opens in brand new buildings next to the University. The overall aim is to produce technically literate young people that have business and enterprise skills as well as insight into the diverse range of opportunities in Engineering and Technical disciplines. The project has brought University staff and students together with employers and Academy staff to optimise the engineering education that they will receive. The innovative model presented has drawn on research from across the world in the implementation of this new type of school, as well as educational practices from the USA and the Scandinavian countries. The resulting curriculum is authentic and exciting and expands the University model of problem-based learning and placements into the secondary school environment. The benefits of this close partnership for University staff and students, the employers and the Academy staff are expanded on and the paper concludes with a prediction of progression routes from the Academy.

A historical study of selected documents from the period 1890--1920 with implications for understanding success in school

During the years 1890–1920, the public school education system established itself as the medium to transmit American values, knowledge and culture. This study described and explained why some individuals were destined to fail, and others succeed in America's public schools. The exploratory questions guiding this study were: What elements constitute society's perspective of whom it should educate during the years 1890–1920? What variables influenced society's perspective of whom it should educate during the years 1890–1920? ^ After explaining these issues, educators will then have a better understanding and awareness of why certain educational practices are currently implemented and will be able to critically evaluate which ones should be continued. The methodology chosen was historical. The approach for analyzing the data was coding. The information was coded in order to determine themes, concepts and ideas amongst the documents and as portrayed in the literature. The first step was to seek out patterns and then to write out words and phrases to represent these topics. Then, these phrases were attributed to networks. ^ The data indicated that public schools during this era were designed to conform and assimilate the new immigrants and factory workers in an efficient and standardized manner. Efficiency and standardization in production became the American way for government, commerce, personal, lives and the school. Many different approaches to education emerged during this time period, specifically those, which emphasized individuality; but only those, which paralleled the ideology of efficiency, standardization and conformity were adopted. Those students who were unable to conform to society's criteria for success were penalized in the classroom, on IQ examinations and national standardized exams. ^ This study was illuminative in that it explained the root cause as to why some individuals are meant to succeed while others are penalized in the classroom. Future studies connecting standardized assessments and learning styles are suggested. ^

Avaliação do pré-natal na atenção primária à saúde no Rio grande do Norte: visão das usuárias

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the quality of prenatal Primary Care in Rio G rande do Norte, Brazil in 2012 under the program Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care. The study was cross - sectional, quantitative. Included 156 mothers of children under 2 years who received prenatal care at the health evaluated. We applied a ques tionnaire on profile, minimum queries, regularity of attendance, laboratory tests, vaccination, participation in educational activities, guidance received, clinical and obstetric procedures and prescription Ferrous sulphate and folic acid. The descriptive analysis of the criteria used Humanization Program Prenatal and Birth. The results showed that 92% of mothers had six or more visits; 85% with the same care was professional; 94% subsequent appointments scheduled. As for tests and procedures the percentage s were: Urine 98%; HIV - 96%; VDRL and 88%; 91% glucose; tetanus vaccination 93%; educational groups 56% with 36% participation, knowledge of the delivery location and 59% achievement breast exam 65%, 33% and preventive gynecological 43%; 98% supplemented wi th 96% Ferrous Sulfate and Folic Acid. It was concluded that there were advances in Rio Grande do Norte concerning assistance and there are weaknesses in the educational practices and conducting some minimal clinical examinations.

Uma análise da formação de professores de física do IFRN a partir da epistemologia de Ludwik Fleck

This study arises in the context of physics teacher training and aims, from the speech of the teacher trainer, identify possible pedagogical models and characterize thinking styles present in the course of licentiate in physics of IFRN using the epistemology of Ludwik Fleck. We classify our research as qualitative with an empirical nature, and for the analysis we chose the discursive textual analysis - DTA (MORAES, 2003). The locus of our research will be the licentiate in physics at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte - IFRN, Natal-Central Campus and the research subjects, a group of teacher trainers of this course. We interviewed ten teachers, being six from the group dedicated to physics and four from the group dedicated to didactics and pedagogy. From this design, we performed data acquisition consisted of: 1) semi-structured interview, 2) document analysis. On the data analysis, with the support of pedagogical trends that were observed in our study based on the perception of the similarities and differences between the ideas presented by teachers about: education and teaching; ideal teaching practice, teacher's role, learning conceptions, and according to the student and on the ideological thinking of these former teachers on the professional profile of graduates, we noted subsidies to identify evidences of the presence of three distinct thinking styles that interrelate with each other in a considerably intense way. The relevance of the study is presented in the understanding of thinking styles that participate in the dynamics of the course of teacher training in physics, and by consequence, elucidation of a problem pointed out a priori as motivating the research: the difficulty of communicative interaction on educational practices among teacher trainers. We bring Fleck's epistemology as a motivating possibility of dialogue and negotiation, setting thus an instrument of real change, towards the significance of teacher training in physics.

Promoção da alimentação saudável na atenção primária à saúde: contribuição para construção coletiva do saber-fazer

The recognition of the food as determinant and health-disease process etching requires new explanations and interventions of the food and nutrition policy action and demand health care model based on the completeness of the actions and focused on health promotion. This study, characterized as research-action of interventionist character, sought to develop strategies to support the transverse insertion of healthy eating promotion in professionals practices a core of support for the health of the family and a family health strategy Unit in the city of Natal, capital of Rio Grande do Norte, from the analysis of perceptions and work processes of these teams. Several methodological strategies were adopted: Dialectical Hermeneutical Circle, direct observation, reflective and Thematic Meetings Workshop "Rethinking the educational practices for promoting healthy eating". For data logging, search diaries - SD were used and moments. The analysis of procedural form occurred in conjunction with research participants, in constant movement of reflection-action-reflection, based on hermeneutics-dialectic. About the results, in relation to the promotion of health, showed the following insights: health promotion and disease prevention-related harms; health promotion related to quality of life and well-being, in its various dimensions; health promotion as a responsibility of the State; health promotion related to the actions of health education; health promotion as an expression of efficaciousness and accessibility to health services. Regarding healthy nutrition, predominated the perceptions relating to nutritional aspects. With regard to food and nutritional education - FNE, it was observed a predominance of perception of FNE as information, guidance and knowledge transfer for changes of dietary practices. As regards the working process, it was observed that among the actions for health promotion, educational activities predominate, such as lectures, conversations, groups that mostly occur in fragmentary form, without joint planning teams, varying according to the professionals and the moment of work in which they are carried out. The results pointed to the need for reorganization of the work processes, in the context of intra-and intersectoral coordination and the construction of new technologies, such as: Health project of the territory – HPT, Unique Therapeutic Project- UPT, Expanded Clinic and educational practices, Shared with active teaching and learning methodologies. From the results we believe that it is necessary to "thought reform", from changes in vocational training and strengthening of the permanent education spaces, whereas the complexity that involves feeding, food and nutrition education and health promotion. The reformation of thought must be articulate and closely tied to the production of knowledge and practices that encourage intersectoral approach, the transversality, dialogue and democratic and supportive attitude, based on the collective construction of know-how. We hope that this study can contribute with reflections and initiatives that encourage building practices that promote healthy eating in primary health care, in terms of completeness of the care and the attainment of food security and nutrition.

Ateliê biográfico de formação profissional: prática socioeducativa em Escola Judicial

In recent decades, debates have intensified about (auto) biographical narratives as devices of socio-educational practices, aligned to the educational setting of the XXI century which have stimulated a new educational perspective woven with epistemological and methodological training throughout life. Towards that scenario, the continued training in Judicial School has occupied important space for constitutional effectiveness and, on the other hand, has grown the demands of expanding knowledge and enhancing training practices, in turn, judicial practices. The aim is to analyze the reflective Group through "Professional Training biographical Workshop" with Bailiffs such as socio-educational practices in socio Judicial School, in the city of Natal /RN. It has highlighted the questions that guided this study: 1. What paths of experiences and knowledge shared by the Law Officials, Federal Appraisers in "Professional Training biographical Workshop" as reflective Group? 2. How is organized the reflective Group as practice in socio-professional training setting? 3. What contributions narratives of themselves bring to the bailiff in reflective Group on Judicial School? The theoretical assumptions are supported in the lifelong training in methodological and epistemological dimension of (auto) biographical knowledge (JOSSO, 2008, 2010, 2012; PINEAU, 2005, 2006; DOMINICÉ, 2010; DELORY-MOMBERGER, 2006, 2008; FREIRE, 1987, 1996, 2001; PASSEGGI, 2008; 2010; 2011; 2012). In 2009, 09 (nine) civil servants in post of Federal Appraiser Justice Official, law graduates participated in this research through eight (08) "Biographical Workshops of Professional Training", consisting of biographical practices and scenarios, enabling oral and written narratives about a memory that has meaning, relationship and tessituras between files, facts and feelings that reveal the perception of self and other, as well as mobilize and weave the training process. The experiences of speaking, writing and reading were constituted of spaces that facilitating the reconstruction of the trajectory of training and career awareness-making, helping to re-signify labor relations and lead to their own professional design. From this study, the reflective properties of groups have emerged, consisting of Reflexivity, Experience, Historicity, Reversibility, dialog and formability processes, with paths to social and educational practices in which professionals identify the meaning and significance of self and of the profession that are exercising. The expectation is to continue with the spirit of research to emerge from the participants responses to training practices in Judicial School, aligned with the new knowledge of understanding the human being, not only an object of his work, but also a social subject, co-participant in the process of re-signifying life and work in a permanent way.