A simulação realística como estratégica de ensino-aprendizagem em enfermagem

The study aims to examine the methodology of realistic simulation as facilitator of the teaching-learning process in nursing, and is justified by the possibility to propose conditions that envisage improvements in the training process with a view to assess the impacts attributed to new teaching strategies and learning in the formative areas of health and nursing. Descriptive study with quantitative and qualitative approach, as action research, and focus on teaching from the realistic simulation of Nursing in Primary Care in an institution of public higher education. . The research was developed in the Comprehensive Care Health discipline II, this is offered in the third year of the course in order to prepare the nursing student to the stage of Primary Health Care The study population comprised 40 subjects: 37 students and 3 teachers of that discipline. Data collection was held from February to May 2014 and was performed by using questionnaires and semi structured interviews. To do so, we followed the following sequence: identification of the use of simulation in the discipline target of intervention; consultation with professors about the possibility of implementing the survey; investigation of the syllabus of discipline, objectives, skills and abilities; preparing the plan for the execution of the intervention; preparing the checklist for skills training; construction and execution of simulation scenarios and evaluation of scenarios. Quantitative data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics, percentage, and qualitative data through collective subject discourse. A high fidelity simulation was inserted in the curriculum of the course of the research object, based on the use of standard patient. Three cases were created and executed. In the students’ view, the simulation contributed to the synthesis of the contents worked at Integral Health Care II discipline (100%), scoring between 8 and 10 (100%) to executed scenarios. In addition, the simulation has generated a considerable percentage of high expectations for the activities of the discipline (70.27%) and is also shown as a strategy for generating student satisfaction (97.30%). Of the 97.30% that claimed to be quite satisfied with the activities proposed by the academic discipline of Integral Health Care II, 94.59% of the sample indicated the simulation as a determinant factor for the allocation of such gratification. Regarding the students' perception about the strategy of simulation, the most prominent category was the possibility of prior experience of practice (23.91%). The nervousness was one of the most cited negative aspects from the experience in simulated scenarios (50.0%). The most representative positive point (63.89%) pervades the idea of approximation with the reality of Primary Care. In addition, professors of the discipline, totaling 3, were trained in the methodology of the simulation. The study highlighted the contribution of realistic simulation in the context of teaching and learning in nursing and highlighted this strategy while mechanism to generate expectation and satisfaction among undergraduate nursing students

Educação ambiental como estratégia para inserção da sustentabilidade na formação em odontologia

This thesis proposes environmental education as a strategy for the inclusion of sustainability in the academic education of higher level. The dentistry course has been the object of study, which is justified by the recognition of the need for reflection on environmental issues in the dental academia, initially based on professional experience of the author as a dental surgeon. The aim of this study is to investigate the scientific production of dentistry and its content related to environmental issues, in addition to expanding discussions and reflections on the need to insert environmental education as academic content. With the specific purpose of verifying the amount and analyze the content of scientific articles involving issues related to sustainability in dentistry, Chapter 01 presents research in leading journals portals available on the internet. Works were surveyed where sustainability and related issues were present and placed in a theoretical framework that analyzes the dental service inclusion in the dominant economic model. These procedures are intended to prove the hypothesis that the dental profession does not produce significant scientific content that relates the profession to the environment and sustainability. A literature review was conducted with the statement of dentistry changes from its origins to the front position to the dominant development model and exemplification of the deleterious effects of this model on the environment. In addition, there was a scientific research in journals portals available on the internet and investigated the amount and content of scientific articles involving issues related to sustainability in dentistry. Chapter 02 has the specific purpose of providing content to expand discussions and reflections on the need to insert environmental education in undergraduate courses in dentistry, such as insertion strategy into a new development model guided by sustainability. In this, students questionnaires were given the 8th dentistry course of the period the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), to be understood environmental perception of learners and were obtained grants for proof of the thesis that environmental education applied dentistry has the potential to make people aware and willing to act practicing and propagating sustainability in their conduct. The overall results indicate little scientific production, as the research and work that relates to dentistry to sustainability and the issues related to the environment have not significantly been present in the syllabus of the undergraduate courses in dentistry, despite the interest shown by survey respondents When such issues are addressed. In this context, it is proposed fostering actions to environmental education, so that dental professionals are engaged in the construction of a new development model based on sustainability, as despite the environmental theme seems to be little explored in the academic and scientific world of dentistry, there interest from students and great potential multiplier for appropriate environmental behavior. After proving the hypothesis that the environment-related content are poorly explored in the academic and scientific world of dentistry, the main conclusions were recognizing the importance of environmental education as an interdisciplinary tool for environmental thematic approach in undergraduate courses dentistry, in addition to implementing this new pedagogical proposal in the professional practice of dentists, given their potential multiplier for environmental knowledge.

Introducing Intercultural Communication into the Teaching of Translation

This article examines how the teaching of translation at university level can come to include the systematic development of intercultural skills. It will do this initially by presenting the methodology and outcomes of a European Union funded project entitled ‘Promoting Intercultural Competence in Translators’. The precise aims, context, participants, timing and working methodology of the project will be clearly outlined. This will be followed by an explanation of key theoretical principles which underlay the project and which were embodied in a ‘good practice guide’ at its conclusion. The project produced three key outputs freely available on the project website aimed to help university lecturers in Translation to enhance the development of students’ intercultural skills – a ‘curriculum framework’ (syllabus), teaching materials and assessment materials, for each of which the theoretical/pedagogical underpinning will be explained and examples provided. The article will conclude with an extended reflective section examining some of the limits of the project, areas in which it could be further developed or adapted to context, finishing with an indication of areas in which further research is needed.

Diagnóstico del rendimiento académico de estudiantes de una escuela de educación superior en México

El objetivo del artículo es realizar un diagnóstico sobre la percepción de los factores que intervienen en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de cinco carreras universitarias en una escuela de educación superior en México, para así reconocer las áreas de oportunidad que permitan sugerir políticas y estrategias para elevar su rendimiento. Se utilizó una muestra de 1651 estudiantes, se obtuvieron los datos a partir de un cuestionario con treinta preguntas que estudian la percepción del rendimiento académico en escala tipo Likert. Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio que permitiera reducir los datos, facilitar la interpretación y validar el instrumento. Se identificaron tres factores: a) el rol de los profesores, b) la evaluación y c) la motivación de los estudiantes. Se llevó a cabo un análisis comparativo por carrera. Se encontró que los estudiantes perciben que la mayoría de los maestros no se preocupan por la condición de los jóvenes en situación de reprobación. Además, casi no motivan y carecen de expresiones de sentimientos de orgullo por los logros académicos de los estudiantes. La mitad de los participantes piensa que los docentes no cubren el temario en su totalidad. Se detectó que los estudiantes poseen una alta motivación siendo esto positivo porque son alumnos dedicados y responsables. Se concluye realizando una serie de sugerencias y explicando las implicaciones que tiene este trabajo para las instituciones de educación superior.

Interrelación traducción y traductología: su enseñanza y evaluación

Este trabajo presenta la propuesta didáctica diseñada, implementada y sometida a evaluación en la asignatura Traducción y Traductología de la carrera de Traductor Público de Inglés de la Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo). Se trata de un método de enseñanza que busca integrar tareas de investigación y actividades de traducción. Se describen las etapas del diseño curricular y el tipo de evaluación implementada, que comprende la evaluación del alumno, a través de la verificación del grado de cumplimiento de los objetivos planteados, y la evaluación del programa. Finalmente, se hace referencia a los principales aspectos del programa de la asignatura que se deberán optimizar.

Item and task difficulty in a B2 reading examination: perceptions of test-takers and CEFR alignment experts compared with psychometric measurements

The article presents a study of a CEFR B2-level reading subtest that is part of the Slovenian national secondary school leaving examination in English as a foreign language, and compares the test-taker actual performance (objective difficulty) with the test-taker and expert perceptions of item difficulty (subjective difficulty). The study also analyses the test-takers’ comments on item difficulty obtained from a while-reading questionnaire. The results are discussed in the framework of the existing research in the fields of (the assessment of) reading comprehension, and are addressed with regard to their implications for item-writing, FL teaching and curriculum development.

Livsfrågor och religionskunskap : En belysning av ett centralt begrepp i svensk religionsdidaktik

This thesis focuses on “livsfrågor” (questions of life) a typical Swedish concept introduced in the RE syllabus in the curriculum for compulsory schools in 1969. The study poses three questions: what can qualify as a “livsfråga”, why are they regarded important, and how do they fit into teaching? The main purpose is to study differences of the concept in two materials. Primarily interviews with Teacher educators all over Sweden and, secondly in the R.E. syllabus for compulsory and secondary schools from 1962 until today. Finally, the two materials used, will be brought together, and foci are recognized with the help of a tool for thought.  The study is using the concept dialogicity from Bachtin. Syllabus are viewed as compromises in accordance with a German tradition. In the syllabus, “livsfrågor” is one within many different words used with none what so ever stringency. It is not necessarily the most important term, as “livsåskådningsfrågor” (questions within philosophies of life)  is often dominating in objectivities. Also “existential questions” etc is used. The relation between the words are never made clear.  The syllabus are in one sense monologial as different meanings of the word are not made explicit, and other utterances are not invoked. In the interviews the dialogicity is more obvious. Philosophy is mentioned, eg.. Martin Buber, Viktor Frankl, theology (Paul Thillich), but also literature (Lars Gyllensten) and existentialism in a general sence. Other words are not as frequent – but “livsåskådningsfrågor” are of course mentioned, eg. Faith vs. knowledge. In the last chapter “livsfrågor” is problematized with the help of Andrew Wright and his three metanarrativies within the modern R.E. And the assumption, especially in the syllabus, of “livsfrågor”, as common between cultures and over time is problematized with the help of . feministic theory of knowledge.

Nationalist historiography, Nation-state making and Secondary School History: Curriculum Policy in Zimbabwe 1980-2010

This paper studies the curriculum policy trajectories that have characterized the teaching of secondary school History as a subject that is historically enmeshed in the politics of nation-state making in post-independence Zimbabwe. Through content analysis, the paper examines the ways in which the post-independence History syllabi, namely 2166 and 2167, have drawn from recent historiographies to frame both the aims and content of school History. The argument developed is that both syllabi have been deployed to serve the envisaged nation-state project; with Syllabus 2166 associated with the socialist nation-state project of the 1980s and 2167 with patriotic history since 2000. The paper concludes that such (mis)uses of school are not unique to Zimbabwe, but represent the political instrumentalization of school History that has become prevalent throughout the world.

Conditions for Teaching and Learning in Religious Education (RE) : Perspectives of Teachers and Pupils at the Beginning of the 6th Grade in Sweden

In this article empirical findings from interviews with teachers of three classes of 12-year-old pupils are presented, together with questionnaire-responses from these 54 pupils. The interviews focus on teaching aims for Religious Education (RE), a subject that in Sweden, besides dealing with religion, also explores other kinds of beliefs, ethics and life questions. In the questionnaire the pupils are asked to solve four RE tasks with content that is central from a Swedish curriculum perspective. The research involves pupils at the beginning of the sixth grade and the purpose of this article is to look at the teachers’ aims and the pupils’ responses, and consider what these may indicate about conditions for teaching and learning RE in these classes. The findings show that the perspectives of the pupils at the beginning of the sixth grade seem to be rather far from the expectations of the RE syllabus. The pupils’ statements are rather vague with regard to religion as a phenomenon and there are few examples of pupils interpreting religious symbols in a way that is useful in further analysis. While existential and ethical plots, messages and point of views are comparatively easy to describe, it is harder to express multiple perspectives, reasons, comparisons and questions. A problem for the teachers in developing the perspectives of their pupils is that they find it hard to say what kind of general difficulties pupils have in RE, a fact that makes it hard to direct the teaching. Another challenge is that the teachers’ RE-aims are rather overarching and primarily related to fostering fundamental values. What improves the conditions for teaching and learning is the teachers’ concern for the pupils and their relationships with the teacher and with each other, a factor which is of vital importance for learning and which can also be used as a specific teaching method in subject matter education.

The Voice of History and the Message of the National Curriculum: Recontextualising History to a Pedagogic Discourse for Upper Secondary VET

In the reform by the liberal-conservative government of Swedish upper secondary education in 2011, history was recognized as an important part of citizenship education and was introduced into the curriculum for vocational education and training (VET) tracks. Through the concepts of classification and framing, this article explores the process of constructing the history syllabus for VET. The data consist of archived material from the working group responsible for the history curriculum under the Swedish National Agency for Education. The analysis shows that there are competing discourses concerning the relative emphasis on competencies and skills and concerning the emphasis on contemporary and modern history. Although historians, history teachers and other agents are invited to respond to the content of the curriculum, the respondents have no influence on the knowledge structure of the curriculum, which is controlled by agents of the dominant educational ideology. From a critical perspective, this article suggests that the curriculum reflects the instrumental and neoconservative message of the reform through strong classification and framing and through the emphasis on general abilities and a contemporary history that has a more direct explanatory value to contemporary society.

A Imagética como estratégia de ensino da Técnica de Dança Clássica com alunos do 3º ano de Dança da Academia de Dança do Vale do Sousa

Relatório Final de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Dança, com vista à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ensino de Dança.

A competência global na aula de língua inglesa : como preparar os alunos para viver e agir no mundo atual?

Este estudo teve como principais objetivos compreender os efeitos de um projeto de educação global nos conhecimentos, capacidades e atitudes de um grupo de alunos portugueses do 11.º ano, bem como compreender as potencialidades da aula de língua inglesa no âmbito de uma educação promotora da participação ativa numa sociedade globalizada. Tratando-se de um estudo de tipo investigação-ação, ancorado no paradigma socio-crítico, foram recolhidos dados através de questionários, aplicados aos alunos antes e após o projeto de intervenção, de gravações vídeo de quatro sessões de educação global e de uma entrevista realizada à professora cooperante. Recorreu-se ainda à recolha documental de trabalhos dos alunos, bem como do Programa de Inglês (continuação) dos 10.º, 11.º e 12.º anos. A análise dos dados recolhidos, efetuada segundo diferentes métodos e instrumentos, permitiu concluir que o projeto de educação global teve efeitos mais significativos no desenvolvimento dos conhecimentos dos alunos, sobretudo relacionados com problemas globais específicos, tendo estes compreendido que o que acontece em outros locais tem relevância na vida de cada um. O estudo permitiu ainda verificar que as aulas de língua inglesa são o espaço ideal para se trabalhar a educação global, funcionando como uma porta aberta para outras línguas, culturas e mundivisões. Estes resultados sugerem que é possível e necessário promover o desenvolvimento da competência global na aula de línguas, mobilizando e incorporando saberes e recursos que valorizem capacidades de trabalho colaborativo, de comunicação e de resolução de problemas, bem como atitudes de respeito pelos Outros, imprescindíveis para o exercício da cidadania e para desafiar as injustiças e desigualdades que nos rodeiam.

As manifestações artísticas urbanas e o ensino de artes visuais

O presente estudo, inserido no Mestrado em Ensino de Artes Visuais no 3.º ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário, aborda a importância das Manifestações Artística Urbanas no ensino de Artes Visuais. Esta investigação pretende analisar a forma como estas manifestações podem ser adaptadas ao currículo do programa da disciplina de desenho numa escola secundária artística, no sentido de munir os alunos de capacidade crítica para o atual estado da arte, assim como atraí-los para o desenho, levando-os a descobrir e desenvolver seu próprio traço. O facto de a prática de ensino supervisionada se ter realizado na Escola Artística Soares dos Reis, no Porto, uma das mais prestigiadas instituições artísticas em Portugal, privilegiou e potenciou a investigação tendo em conta a cultura artística e urbana demostrada pela comunidade escolar.

Les qualités de la relation offerte par le professeur aux étudiants en sciences infirmières et leur intérêt pour les stages cliniques

Nombre de professeurs en soins infirmiers ont dû se pencher d'une façon plus ou moins formelle sur l'intérêt manifesté par les étudiants pour leurs stages cliniques. Pour nous, cette préoccupation est grande et constitue le centre de notre réflexion. Que la formation ait lieu dans un collège ou à l'université, le programme comporte pour tous des cours théoriques et des stages cliniques. Ces étudiants, ayant choisi librement la profession d'infirmiers et d'infirmières, nous amènent à penser que leur intérêt pour les cours spécifiques à la profession serait plus marqué. Toutefois, nous avons observé chez certains d'entre eux des comportements infirmant cette allégation. Par exemple: ils n'exécutent et ne lisent que ce qui est prévu dans le syllabus; ils questionnent rarement; ils répondent par un oui ou un non aux interrogations du professeur; ils rendent des travaux peu explicites; ils manifestent de l'empressement à quitter le champ clinique; ils ne collaborent guère avec le personnel; enfin, ils prennent peu d'initiatives permises. Nous avons déjà identifié certains facteurs susceptibles d'influencer l'intérêt des étudiants. Mentionnons entre autres, la spécialité concernée, les exigences du stage, la forme d'évaluation, le personnel de l'institution, le professeur. Dans cette recherche, nous ne retiendrons que le dernier facteur cité en raison de la diversité de son influence. Parce qu'il est personne ressource et modèle, parce qu'il assure le lien entre le milieu et les étudiants et par sa présence continue auprès d'eux, le professeur devient pour nous l'élément central de cette influence. Plusieurs caractéristiques du professeur entrent en jeu dans ses relations avec les étudiants, mais celles qui nous préoccupent plus particulièrement se regroupent dans les attitudes interpersonnelles. Cette étude se propose donc de démontrer la relation qui peut exister entre certaines de ces attitudes et l'intérêt des étudiants pour les stages cliniques. Nous étudierons cette relation en nous appuyant sur une théorie pertinente à notre choix et sur des recherches entreprises dans ce domaine. Suite à la délimitation du problème, nous formulerons une hypothèse; laquelle sera vérifiée par les données recueillies auprès des étudiants infirmiers. Au terme de cette étude, nous analyserons ces résultats et nous nous pencherons sur les implications qu'elle entraîne dans le domaine de l'éducation et de la recherche.

A autorregulação aplicada aos métodos de estudo

Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º e 2.º Ciclos do Ensino Básico