THEODORE, a two-step heating system for the EC/OC determination of radiocarbon (14C) in the environment

Measurements of 14C in the organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) fractions, respectively, of fine aerosol particles bear the potential to apportion anthropogenic and biogenic emission sources. For this purpose, the system THEODORE (two-step heating system for the EC/OC determination of radiocarbon in the environment) was developed. In this device, OC and EC are transformed into carbon dioxide in a stream of oxygen at 340 and 650 �C, respectively, and reduced to filamentous carbon. This is the target material for subsequent accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C measurements, which were performed on sub-milligram carbon samples at the PSI/ETH compact 500 kV AMS system. Quality assurance measurements of SRM 1649a, Urban Dust, yielded a fraction of modern fM in total carbon (TC) of 0.522 ±0.018 (n ¼ 5, 95% confidence level) in agreement with reported values. The results for OC and EC are 0.70± 0.05 (n ¼ 3) and 0.066 ± 0.020 (n ¼ 4), respectively.

Bericht über die im Jahre 1907 versuchsweise angewendeten Pflanzenschutzmittel "Probat", "All Liquid Insecticide", "Richards Nikotinverdampfer ec., angewendet im Frühgemüsebau, Treibkästen ec.

Von J. Kindshoven

Evaluating the achievements and impacts of EC framework programme transport projects

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present what kind of elements and evaluation methods should be included into a framework for evaluating the achievements and impacts of transport projects supported in EC Framework Programmes (FP). Further, the paper discusses the possibilities of such an evaluation framework in producing recommendations regarding future transport research and policy objectives as well as mutual learning for the basis of strategic long term planning. Methods The paper describes the two-dimensional evaluation methodology developed in the course of the FP7 METRONOME project. The dimensions are: (1) achievement of project objectives and targets in different levels and (2) research project impacts according to four impact groups. The methodology uses four complementary approaches in evaluation, namely evaluation matrices, coordinator questionnaires, lead user interviews and workshops. Results Based on the methodology testing, with a sample of FP5 and FP6 projects, the main results relating to the rationale, implementation and achievements of FP projects is presented. In general, achievement of objectives in both FPs was good. Strongest impacts were identified within the impact group of management and co-ordination. Also scientific and end-user impacts of the projects were adequate, but wider societal impacts quite modest. The paper concludes with a discussion both on the theoretical and practical implications of the proposed methodology and by presenting some relevant future research needs.

Guizadiaren eta batez ere ichaz-guizonen izar eder eta laguntza benetakoa dan Ama Virjiña Iziar-coaren condaraichoa : bere bederatziurren eta canta batzuequin / [Pedro José Aldazabal-ec eskribitu] ; Vicente Aizpuruc laburtu eta zucendu ; eta Francisco Maria Gorosteguic euskarara itzulia.

El nombre del autor está sacado del texto

Factores de seguridad en la estabilidad de taludes de acuerdo con el Eurocódigo EC-7 y el Anejo Nacional Español

Este artículo presenta primeramente las ideas básicas que definen el marco conceptual definido por el Eurocódigo EC-7 bajo el que se deben abordar los cálculos geotécnicos. Posteriormente describe las cláusulas que debe contener el Anejo Nacional del EC-7, prestando especial atención a los aspectos relativos a la estabilidad de taludes y terraplenes y a la estabilidad global de estructuras. A este respecto, el Anejo Nacional define el Enfoque de Proyecto elegido así como los valores de los coeficientes parciales de mayoración de acciones y de minoración de parámetros geotécnicos de los materiales. Por último, se recoge una reflexión sobre la forma de determinar, de acuerdo al EC-7, los valores característicos de los parámetros geotécnicos de los materiales que intervienen en el cálculo.

Comentários sobre a regulamentação da súmula com efeito vinculante : EC nº 45/2004 e Lei nº 11.417, de 19.12.2006

Apresenta quadro comparativo entre o projeto de lei nº 6.636/2006 e a Lei nº 11.417/2006, que disciplinam a edição, revisão e o cancelamento de súmulas com efeito vinculante pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF).

O Sistema tributário nacional na constituição de 1988 : estudo comparativo com a constituição anterior ; ec n. 1/69 e Ec N. 2 a 27 / Iduna E. Weinert. --

Inclui bibliografia.