Internetbasierte Wissensorganisation in der Lehrerbildung

In diesem Artikel geht es um die internetbasierte Wissensorganisation von multimedialen Lerninhalten. Die Lernenden in der Lehrerausbildung sollen nicht allein eine rezeptive Rolle bei der Nutzung multimedialer Inhalte einnehmen, sondern sie werden aufgefordert, eine aktive Rolle bei der Erstellung von Inhalten zu übernehmen. Dabei wird die Trennung zwischen dem Autor auf der einen Seite und dem Leser bzw. Nutzer von Inhalten auf der anderen Seite aufgebrochen. Basis ist die Auseinandersetzung mit konkreten Lehr-/Lern-Situationen über die Nutzung von Video- und Audiosequenzen (Situated Learning). Eine internetbasierte Wissensbasis mit multimedialen Inhalten ist dabei der Ausgangspunkt, um die individuelle Wissensorganisation in der Lehrerbildung zu unterstützen. Exemplarisch werden diese Aspekte einer internetbasierten Wissensorganisation an dem Projekt MaDiN deutlich gemacht (MathematikDidaktik im Netz). Ohne detailliert auf die in MaDiN aufgebaute Wissensbasis einzugehen, geht es in diesem Artikel um allgemeine Methoden, internetbasiertes Wissensmanagement in die Lehrerbildung zu integrieren. Im Rahmen des vom Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung mit 1,6 Millionen Euro geförderten Projektes zum Aufbau einer Wissensbasis mit mathematischen und mathematikdidaktischen Inhalten (Primarstufe, Sekundarstufe I und II) wurde eine spezielle Methode zur internetbasierten Wissensorganisation entwickelt. Das Konzept einer internetbasierten Wissensorganisation hat einen konstruktivistischen Hintergrund. Die Umsetzung in der Lehrerbildung erfolgt über ein Autorensystem, mit dem der Nutzer ein Werkzeug zur Online-Strukturierung personalisierter Lerninhalte besitzt.(DIPF/Orig.)

Research in Education

Research in Education, like any discipline, can not be conceived in isolation. For example, if a person is to conduct research on "Juvenile literature" must be clear what aspect is going to emphasize the overarching theme. For this it is important to obtain what is the psychological approach, social, philosophical, etc.. and then define what type of library material is adapted to this approach.

David R. Cole (Hrsg.): Surviving Economic Crises through Education. Global Studies in Education, Vol. 11. New York u.a.: Peter Lang 2011 (267 S.) [Rezension]

Rezension von: David R. Cole (Hrsg.): Surviving Economic Crises through Education. Global Studies in Education, Vol. 11. New York u.a.: Peter Lang 2011 (267 S.; ISBN 978-1433114786)

Deficiencies in education and experience in the management of acute kidney injury among Malawian healthcare workers

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common but under-recognised disease process, which carries a high risk of mortality or chronic complications, such as chronic kidney disease and other organ dysfunction. Management of AKI, however, is suboptimal, both in developed settings and in Malawi. This is partly because of deficiencies in AKI education and training. Aim To establish current levels of AKI education in a range of healthcare workers in Malawi. Methods An AKI symposium was held in Blantyre in March 2015. Delegates were asked to complete a survey at the start of the symposium to assess their clinical experience and education in the management of AKI. Results From 100 delegates, 89 nurses, clinical officers, and physicians, originating from 11 different districts, responded to the survey. Twenty-two percent of healthcare workers (including 28% of district workers of the various cadres and 31% of nurses) had never received teaching on any aspect of renal disease, and 50% (including 63% of district workers and 61% of nurses) had never received teaching specifically on AKI. Forty-four percent did not feel confident managing AKI, and 98% wanted more support managing patients with renal disease. Thirty-four percent (including 55% of district workers) were unaware that haemodialysis was available at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) for the treatment of AKI and 53% (74% of district workers) were unaware that peritoneal dialysis was available for the treatment of AKI in children. Only 33% had ever referred a patient with AKI to QECH. Conclusions There are deficiencies in education about, and clinical experience in, the management of AKI among Malawian healthcare workers, in addition to limited awareness of the renal service available at QECH. Urgent action is required to address these issues in order to prevent morbidity and mortality from AKI in Malawi.

Memorandum of Understanding between Universidad de Cuenca and Chair of Hydroinformatics of the UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education Delft, The Netherlands on Collaboration in Education and Research

English

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF ARTS IN EDUCATION RESEARCH PROJECT

Since 1999, the South Carolina Arts Commission, the South Carolina Department of Education, and later the Arts in Basic Curriculum Project (ABC) have co-sponsored the Arts Education Research Project to track the progress and effects of arts education reform efforts in various ABC schools across the state. This report addresses the specific purposes of the Arts Education Research Project which were to (a) document the arts instruction in place prior to reform implementation, (b) determine the effects of increased, modified, or integrated arts instruction, and (c) identify potential influences that promote, inhibit, or sustain changes in schools that implemented arts reform.

Essays on employment / education, investment in education and student achievement

Méthodologie: Modèle de régression quantile de variable instrumentale pour données de Panel utilisant la fonction de production partielle

Linkage: Basic Requirement in any Product of Research in Education

The scientific production, in the field of education, constantly refers to linkage as a special condition to develop research. However, its meaning and the way to achieve that condition are not always clear, particularly for those who are in a training stage of research in education. Meanwhile, the academic production reviewers consider linkage as a very important aspect and essential characteristic of any research project. This paper suggests that linkage involves an epistemological discussion on the research factors in each one of the research stages, such as the construction of the object of study, the definition of methodology, and the data analysis and interpretation, among the most important stages. Linkage takes shape in a written product showing the results from an orderly construction and communication of thought, according to the rules established in a particular field of knowledge.

Competencies Required in Education Research and Teaching Systematization according to Students from the Preschool, Primary and Secondary Education Programs of the University of Costa Rica

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of two online forums carried out with the participation of 42 students of the Licenciaturas  in Preschool Education, Primary Education and Secondary Education of the University of Costa Rica. The main purpose of the forums was to determine the insights of the participant students about the competencies they have achieved in the field of education research, and which have been the essential tools for them to systematize their own teaching practices. The discussion forums were part of the course FD5091 Métodos de Investigación Educativa [Education Research Methods] of the School of Teacher Education, delivered from March-April 2010.  Of the sample, 60 percent were students of the Preschool teaching program, 35 percent were from the Primary Education teaching program and 5 percent were from the Secondary Education teaching program in the fields of Science, Mathematics and Social Studies. According to the insights and beliefs showed by the participants –both, the future teachers and the profession practitioners–, there are no opportunities for research or systematization of their own teaching mediation, in the current work situation.(1) Translator’s Note: In Costa Rica, the “Licenciatura” is a one-year post-Bachelor study program, usually including thesis. “Primary Education” refers to students from the 1st to 6th grades, and “Secondary Education” refers to students from the 7th to 11th grades.

Computer vision in aseptic pharmaceutical manufacturing: a deep learning-based approach to vial inspection and pack formation during a lyophilizer loading cycle

Vision systems are powerful tools playing an increasingly important role in modern industry, to detect errors and maintain product standards. With the enlarged availability of affordable industrial cameras, computer vision algorithms have been increasingly applied in industrial manufacturing processes monitoring. Until a few years ago, industrial computer vision applications relied only on ad-hoc algorithms designed for the specific object and acquisition setup being monitored, with a strong focus on co-designing the acquisition and processing pipeline. Deep learning has overcome these limits providing greater flexibility and faster re-configuration. In this work, the process to be inspected consists in vials’ pack formation entering a freeze-dryer, which is a common scenario in pharmaceutical active ingredient packaging lines. To ensure that the machine produces proper packs, a vision system is installed at the entrance of the freeze-dryer to detect eventual anomalies with execution times compatible with the production specifications. Other constraints come from sterility and safety standards required in pharmaceutical manufacturing. This work presents an overview about the production line, with particular focus on the vision system designed, and about all trials conducted to obtain the final performance. Transfer learning, alleviating the requirement for a large number of training data, combined with data augmentation methods, consisting in the generation of synthetic images, were used to effectively increase the performances while reducing the cost of data acquisition and annotation. The proposed vision algorithm is composed by two main subtasks, designed respectively to vials counting and discrepancy detection. The first one was trained on more than 23k vials (about 300 images) and tested on 5k more (about 75 images), whereas 60 training images and 52 testing images were used for the second one.

Contribuições ao uso de novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação no ensino de engenharia

Neste trabalho, descreve-se o processo de produção de tecnologias educacionais e de Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs), relacionando-as ao uso do ensino em Engenharia Geotécnica. Desenvolveu-se um sistema de informação baseado num modelo que integra recursos educacionais produzidos em diferentes formatos eletrônicos e um software baseado na Web para gestão destes recursos e das informações da disciplina Fundações. O software, denominado ENGEO, auxilia a estruturação do conhecimento envolvido no domínio de aplicação, fornecendo ao professor, ou equipe de gestão, ferramentas remotas de administração dos conteúdos e dos recursos educacionais. Aos alunos, a aplicação ENGEO fornece disponibilidade de informações e de conteúdo em um ambiente flexível. Este aplicativo foi desenvolvido para o curso de Engenharia Geotécnica, particularizado para Engenharia de Fundações, com o objetivo de introduzir e incentivar a utilização de sistemas baseados na Web para compartilhamento de conteúdo das disciplinas, implementar Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação em aplicações para fins educacionais e fomentar discussões a respeito da identidade e perfil do Engenheiro e o papel da TICs no processo de formação do profissional de Engenharia.

Uso do computador no processo de ensino e aprendizagem: norteadores teórico-metodológicos da prática de professores dos anos iniciais da rede municipal de São José do Rio Preto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A construção do saber sobre a utilização de objetos no ensino brasileiro

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Das verflixte (?) siebte Jahr – Sieben Jahre Virtuelle Universität

Im Wintersemester 1996 wurde am Lehrgebiet Praktische Informatik I mit einigen wenigen Kursen und ebenso wenig Studierenden die Virtuelle Universität (VU) der FernUniversität in Hagen gestartet. Heute arbeiten mehr als 25.000 Nutzer aktiv mit dieser Plattform und können aus über 300 Kursen aller Fachbereiche ihr individuelles Studienprofil auswählen. Die Virtuelle Universität (VU) hat allerdings nicht nur enorme Veränderungen von Lehren und Lernen bewirkt, auch die Organisation als Ganzes erfährt inzwischen durch die VU einen Strukturwandel. Viele Publikationen beschäftigen sich mit den technologischen, didaktischen und auch juristischen Aspekten des Wandels; aber kaum jemand beschreibt die kompletten Auswirkungen durch den Einsatz eines solchen Systems und doch wird genau danach sehr häufig gefragt. Nicht nur Studierende, auch Lehrende, Verwaltungsangestellte und Techniker werden vor neue Herausforderungen gestellt. Im folgenden Papier werden die Erfahrungen aus dem Projekt Virtuelle Universität der FernUniversität in Hagen zusammengefasst. Am Beispiel des Projektes soll gezeigt werden, wie ein Initiativprojekt eine ganze Organisation in seinen Bann zog und vielfältige Veränderungen in allen Bereichen bewirkt hat. (DIPF/Orig.)

Ressourcen, Erfahrungen und Erwartungen der Studierenden – Bausteine für Entwicklungsstrategien

Die Studierenden haben eine wichtige Rolle bei der erfolgreichen Implementierung von ICT-Anwendungen im Studium gespielt. Ende 2002 nutzen nahezu 90% der Studierenden in Göttingen PC- und Internetanwendungen als unentbehrliche Arbeitswerkzeuge im Studium, darüber hinaus stellen sie wesentliche (Hardware-) Ressourcen. Entwicklungsstrategien für intensivere Formen mediengestützten Lernens können auf diese Ressourcen aufbauen. Die Ergebnisse der vorgestellten Studie belegen dies, sie weisen aber gleichzeitig darauf hin, wie stark die bisher weitgehend auf Eigeninitiative der Studierenden basierende Einführung von PC und Internetanwendungen im Studium deren Erwartungen und Anforderungen auch gegenüber neuen, internetbasierten Lehr- und Lernformen prägt. Positive Einstellungen gegenüber neuen Anwendungen resultieren aus der Erfahrung mit PC und Internet als effizientes, nützliches Arbeitswerkzeug im Studium. Indifferente oder negative Einstellungen gegenüber (zukünftigen) PC- und Internetanwendungen beziehen sich auf solche Anwendungen, die grundlegende Veränderungen der Präsenzlehre oder der persönlichen Kooperations- und Kommunikationsstrukturen zur Folge haben könnten. Zustimmung finden aber auch Anwendungen, von denen die Studierenden den Ausgleich von Defiziten der (Präsenz-) Lehre erwarten, z.B. durch ergänzende Lernmaterialien, bessere Studienorganisation oder zusätzliche Kontaktmöglichkeiten. (DIPF/Orig.)