Welke Constructen Zijn van Invloed op Attitude van Leerkrachten om Samenwerkend Leren in te Zetten als Instructiestrategie?

Lugtenberg, S. (2016)Welke Constructen Zijn van Invloed op Attitude van Leerkrachten om Samenwerkend Leren in te Zetten als Instructiestrategie? Mei, 17, 2016, Heerlen, Nederland: Open Universiteit

Excelleren in een Passende Omgeving: een Verkennend Onderzoek naar Wenselijke Karakteristieken van Excellentieprogramma’s voor het Middelbaar Beroepsonderwijs

Kragten, L. (2016). Excelleren in een Passende Omgeving: een Verkennend Onderzoek naar Wenselijke Karakteristieken van Excellentieprogramma’s voor het Middelbaar Beroepsonderwijs. Juni, 21, 2016, Heerlen, Nederland: Open Universiteit.

Excelleren in een Passende Omgeving: een Verkennend Onderzoek naar Wenselijke Karakteristieken van Excellentieprogramma’s voor het Middelbaar Beroepsonderwijs

Kragten, L. (2016). Excelleren in een Passende Omgeving: een Verkennend Onderzoek naar Wenselijke Karakteristieken van Excellentieprogramma’s voor het Middelbaar Beroepsonderwijs. Juni, 21, 2016, Heerlen, Nederland: Open Universiteit.

Bullying in primary school.

This chapter is focussed on the bullying of, and by, Dutch students below age 13. The first questions to be answered are what is 'bullying', and how can it be distinguished from other types of disruptive behaviours? The answers to these questions are given by means of conceptual definitions, based on empirical research and the use of precise instrumentation to measure relevant bullying behaviours. Second, how common is bullying and being bullied among students aged 4-12 in preschools and primary schools? Third, what are the characteristics or variables that function either as correlates or as causes of bullying behaviour? Many risk and promotive factors may be relevant and are mentioned in intervention research to reduce bullying. The final, and probably most important question, focuses on systemic or sustainable prevention of bullying behaviour. Here I sketch a systemic multilevel prevention approach in preschool and primary schools in the Netherlands.

Design and Flux-Weakening Control of an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicles

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) provide a competitive technology for EV traction drives owing to their high power density and high efficiency. In this paper, three types of interior PMSMs with different PM arrangements are modeled by the finite element method (FEM). For a given amount of permanent magnet materials, the V-shape interior PMSM is found better than the U-shape and the conventional rotor topologies for EV traction drives. Then the V-shape interior PMSM is further analyzed with the effects of stator slot opening and the permanent magnet pole chamfering on cogging torque and output torque performance. A vector-controlled flux-weakening method is developed and simulated in Matlab to expand the motor speed range for EV drive system. The results show good dynamic and steady-state performance with a capability of expanding speed up to four times of the rated. A prototype of the V-shape interior PMSM is also manufactured and tested to validate the numerical models built by the FEM.

Portrait des habitudes de jeu de patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson

Le risque de développer un problème de jeu chez les personnes atteintes de la maladie de Parkinson (MP) est de plus en plus documenté. Un type de médicament visant à contrôler les symptômes moteurs, l’agoniste dopaminergique, serait l’un des principaux facteurs liés à son développement. Par le biais d’une synthèse narrative présentée dans le chapitre 3, les mécanismes neurobiologiques et les autres facteurs en lien sont discutés. Un important constat ressort toutefois : l’étude des habitudes de jeu de ces patients est pratiquement absente. Ce constat est surprenant puisque la littérature sur le jeu regorge d’informations à prendre en considération dans le développement de ce trouble, telles que les types de jeu pratiqués, les montants dépensés, les raisons pour jouer et la présence de proches. Le deuxième article consiste donc à répondre à cette lacune relevée en faisant le portrait de leurs habitudes de jeu. Vingt-cinq personnes souffrant de la MP ont été recrutées et parmi celles-ci, quinze ont joué dans les six derniers mois. L’examen de leurs habitudes de jeu révèle que les jeux préférés sont la loterie et la machine à sous et qu’elles ont, en majorité, débuté la pratique de ces jeux avant l’établissement du diagnostic de la MP. Les patients sont moins intéressés à jouer aux machines à sous comparativement à un échantillon de joueurs âgés de plus de 55 ans mais, en contrepartie, ce jeu est celui auquel les plus grands montants étaient dépensés chez les participants qui ont rapporté avoir développé un problème de jeu. Les participants jouent pour le plaisir ou pour gagner de l’argent, mais des raisons non répertoriées, liées à leur maladie, ont été relevées. Ces patients n’ont pas recours à des proches aidants pour les aider dans la pratique de leur jeu favori et ces derniers ont manifesté leur méconnaissance de la pratique de jeux de hasard et d’argent des participants. Parmi l’ensemble des participants rencontrés, trois d’entre eux se sont révélés être des joueurs à risque. En plus de jouer aux machines à sous, des croyances erronées et des motivations spécifiques à jouer ont été relevées chez ces derniers. La réflexion découlant de ces résultats pourra stimuler la recherche dans l’étude des variables psychosociales en lien avec le développement d’un problème de jeu chez ces patients.

Exploring the Success of Student Experiential Learning through Entrepreneurial Opportunities

Academic literature has increasingly recognized the value of non-traditional higher education learning environments that emphasize action-orientated experiential learning for the study of entrepreneurship (Gibb, 2002; Jones & English, 2004). Many entrepreneurship educators have accordingly adopted approaches based on Kolb’s (1984) experiential learning cycle to develop a dynamic, holistic model of an experience-based learning process. Jones and Iredale (2010) suggested that entrepreneurship education requires experiential learning styles and creative problem solving to effectively engage students. Support has also been expressed for learning-by-doing activities in group or network contexts (Rasmussen and Sorheim, 2006), and for student-led approaches (Fiet, 2001). This study will build on previous works by exploring the use of experiential learning in an applied setting to develop entrepreneurial attitudes and traits in students. Based on the above literature, a British higher education institution (HEI) implemented a new, entrepreneurially-focused curriculum during the 2013/14 academic year designed to support and develop students’ entrepreneurial attitudes and intentions. The approach actively involved students in small scale entrepreneurship activities by providing scaffolded opportunities for students to design and enact their own entrepreneurial concepts. Students were provided with the necessary resources and training to run small entrepreneurial ventures in three different working environments. During the course of the year, three applied entrepreneurial opportunities were provided for students, increasing in complexity, length, and profitability as the year progressed. For the first undertaking, the class was divided into small groups, and each group was given a time slot and venue to run a pop-up shop in a busy commercial shopping centre. Each group of students was supported by lectures and dedicated class time for group work, while receiving a set of objectives and recommended resources. For the second venture, groups of students were given the opportunity to utilize an on-campus bar/club for an evening and were asked to organize and run a profitable event, acting as an outside promoter. Students were supported with lectures and seminars, and groups were given a £250 budget to develop, plan, and market their unique event. The final event was optional and required initiative on the part of the students. Students were given the opportunity to develop and put forward business plans to be judged by the HEI and the supporting organizations, which selected the winning plan. The authors of the winning business plan received a £2000 budget and a six-week lease to a commercial retail unit within a shopping centre to run their business. Students received additional academic support upon request from the instructor, and one of the supporting organizations provided a training course offering advice on creating a budget and a business plan. Data from students taking part in each of the events was collected, in order to ascertain the learning benefits of the experiential learning, along with the successes and difficulties they faced. These responses have been collected and analyzed and will be presented at the conference along with the instructor’s conclusions and recommendations for the use of such programs in higher educations.

Caractérisation des effets de l’hyperglycémie chronique dans la choroïde d’yeux diabétiques

But: Le diabète est un problème important de santé publique et la complication oculaire la plus commune est la rétinopathie diabétique (RD). Certaines études indiquent que la choroïde des patients diabétiques est affectée sans signe apparent de RD. Notre hypothèse est que l’élévation du stress oxydant liée à l’hyperglycémie chronique affecte la fonction choroïdienne à un stade précoce de la RD. Nous proposons d’étudier la glycolyse, le métabolisme mitochondrial, le stress nitrosatif et la méthylation de l’ADN ainsi que de caractériser les modifications histologiques dans la choroïde diabétique. Méthodes: L’expression des gènes/protéines associés à la glycolyse, au métabolisme mitochondrial et à la production de l’oxyde nitrique a été comparée par profilage génique et immunobuvardage Western entre les choroïdes saines et diabétiques. Les niveaux globaux de méthylation et d’hydroxyméthylation de l’ADN ont été quantifiés par immunoslot blot et HPLC-MS/MS dans ces tissus. Enfin, des coupes tissulaires d’yeux de donneurs sains ou diabétiques avec RD non proliférante (RDNP) ou proliférante (RDP) ont été colorées au trichrome de Masson et au Weigert. L’épaisseur de la choroïde et de la membrane de Bruch, ainsi que la densité et le diamètre des vaisseaux sanguins choroïdiens ont été analysés. Résultats: Nos résultats montrent une dérégulation de l’expression de certains transcrits de la choroïde diabétique, mais peu de différences au niveau de l’expression protéique des cibles validées. Le niveau global de méthylation de l’ADN est similaire entre les donneurs sains et diabétiques. Nos analyses histologiques démontrent une diminution de l’épaisseur de la choroïde et une dégénérescence des choriocapillaires et des veines/veinules chez les donneurs diabétiques atteints de RDP. Conclusions: L’étude de la choroïde est importante, car l’atteinte de ce tissu a de graves répercussions sur la fonction rétinienne. L’identification de cibles dans la choroïde ouvre de nouvelles perspectives pour un traitement préventif de la RD.

Évaluation de la performance des drains et des matériaux filtrants à ralentir le colmatage et l’ensablement en sol sableux et ferreux

Au Québec, les drains installés dans les sols sableux-limoneux sont sensibles au colmatage par ensablement et/ou par ocre de fer. Dans le passé, les drains avec des pertuis inférieurs à 2 mm étaient utilisés au Québec avec un filtre tissé de 110 microns ou un filtre tricoté de 450 microns. Récemment, des drains avec des pertuis supérieurs à 2 mm ainsi qu’un filtre de 250 microns ont été introduits sur le marché mais n’ont jamais été testés. Le projet avait pour objectif de déterminer les vitesses auxquelles se feront l’ensablement et le colmatage ferrique pour différentes combinaisons de drains (pertuis de 1,8 mm et de 3 mm) et de filtres (110 μm, 250 μm et 450 μm) dans un sol sableux à Bécancour. Un dispositif expérimental en blocs complets (3) aléatoires a été utilisé. Les débits ont été mesurés à la sortie des drains de chaque parcelle et les hauteurs des nappes ont été mesurées avec un bulleur dans des puits d’observation. Le suivi du pH, du potentiel d’oxydoréduction et du contenu en Fe2+ a été réalisé dans l’eau de la nappe et celle des drains. Les drains excavés 13 mois après leur installation ne montrent que des traces de sédiments et de colmatage ferrique. Les niveaux de Fe2+ sont significativement plus faibles dans l’eau à la sortie des drains que dans l’eau de la nappe. Le processus de colmatage ferrique ne semble que commencer et son impact n’est pas mesurable au niveau des débits unitaires à la sortie des drains.

The effect of hook size on the catch rate and size of the Nile perch Lates niloticus (Linne) fishery in the Napoleon Gulf, Lake Victoria, Uganda

This study was undertaken in Napoleon gulf, Lake Victoria Uganda from July – December 2009. It was conducted in four landing sites; Bukaya (0.41103N, 33.19133E), Bugungu (0.40216N, 33.2028E), Busana (0.39062N, 33.25228E) and Kikondo (0.3995N, 33.21848E) all from Buikwe district (Formerly part of Mukono district). The main aim was to determine the effect of both hook size and bait type on the catch rate (mean weight) and size composition of Nile perch (Lates niloticus) (LINNE) fishery in the Napoleon Gulf, Lake Victoria. The main hook sizes investigated during the experiment were 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 that were dominantly used in harvesting Nile perch in Napoleon Gulf, Lake Victoria. In this study length, weight and bait type data were collected on site from each boat at that particular fishing spot; since most fishermen in the Napoleon Gulf could sell their fish immediately the catch is caught there and then. The results indicated a total of 873 Nile perch fish samples collected during the study. Statistical tests, descriptive statistics, regression and correlation were all carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) in addition to Microsoft excel. The bait types in the Gulf ranged from 5-10 cm Total length (TL) haplochromine, 24.5-27 cm TL Mormyrus kannume and 9-24 cm TL Clarias species. The bait types had a significant effect on the catch rate and also on the size composition the fish harvested measured as Total length (ANCOVA F=8.231; P<0.05) despite the fact that bait type had no influence on mean weight of fish captured (ANCOVA F=2.898; P>0.05). Hook sizes used by the fishers had a significant effect on the both the size (TL) composition (ANCOVA F=3.847; P<0.05) and the mean weight (ANCOVA F=4.599; P<0.005) of the Nile perch captured. Investigations indicated hook sizes seven (7) and eight (8) were the ones that harvested the Nile perch above the slot size of 50 cm total length. In general hook sizes indicated to be the main drive in the harvesting of the Nile perch though bait type also contributed toward that. Generally there is need for management to put a law in place on the minimum hook size to be used on the harvesting of the Nile perch and also monitored by the Fisheries Management as a regulatory measure. In addition to that aquaculture should be encouraged to farm the fish for bait at a higher scale in the region in order to avoid depleting the wild stocks already in danger of extinction. Through this kind of venture, both biodiversity conservation and environmental sustainability will be observed in the Lake Victoria basin.

Measurement and Simulation of Suppression Effects in a Buoyant Turbulent Line Fire

An experimental and numerical study of turbulent fire suppression is presented. For this work, a novel and canonical facility has been developed, featuring a buoyant, turbulent, methane or propane-fueled diffusion flame suppressed via either nitrogen dilution of the oxidizer or application of a fine water mist. Flames are stabilized on a slot burner surrounded by a co-flowing oxidizer, which allows controlled delivery of either suppressant to achieve a range of conditions from complete combustion through partial and total flame quenching. A minimal supply of pure oxygen is optionally applied along the burner to provide a strengthened flame base that resists liftoff extinction and permits the study of substantially weakened turbulent flames. The carefully designed facility features well-characterized inlet and boundary conditions that are especially amenable to numerical simulation. Non-intrusive diagnostics provide detailed measurements of suppression behavior, yielding insight into the governing suppression processes, and aiding the development and validation of advanced suppression models. Diagnostics include oxidizer composition analysis to determine suppression potential, flame imaging to quantify visible flame structure, luminous and radiative emissions measurements to assess sooting propensity and heat losses, and species-based calorimetry to evaluate global heat release and combustion efficiency. The studied flames experience notable suppression effects, including transition in color from bright yellow to dim blue, expansion in flame height and structural intermittency, and reduction in radiative heat emissions. Still, measurements indicate that the combustion efficiency remains close to unity, and only near the extinction limit do the flames experience an abrupt transition from nearly complete combustion to total extinguishment. Measurements are compared with large eddy simulation results obtained using the Fire Dynamics Simulator, an open-source computational fluid dynamics software package. Comparisons of experimental and simulated results are used to evaluate the performance of available models in predicting fire suppression. Simulations in the present configuration highlight the issue of spurious reignition that is permitted by the classical eddy-dissipation concept for modeling turbulent combustion. To address this issue, simple treatments to prevent spurious reignition are developed and implemented. Simulations incorporating these treatments are shown to produce excellent agreement with the experimentally measured data, including the global combustion efficiency.

Design Aspects of a Broadband Beam-Reconfigurable Leaky-Wave Antenna

Design aspects of a novel beam-reconfigurable pla-nar series-fed array are addressed to achieve beam steering with frequency tunability over a relatively broad bandwidth. The design is possible thanks to the use of the complementary strip-slot, which is an innovative broadly matched microstrip radiator, and the careful selection of the phase shifter parameters.

The Myosin Heavy Chain specific A4.1025 antibody discriminates different cardiac segments in ancient groups of gnathostomes: Morphological and evolutionary implications

The pan-Myosin Heavy Chain (pan-MyHC) marker MF20 have been reported to show similar, homogeneous signal in the myocardial segments of the heart of teleosts and tetrapods. However, in an ongoing study of the myocardial structure of the dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula; Chondrichthyes), we observed differential immunostaining of the cardiac segments using another pan-MyHC, the A4.1025 antibody. In order to investigate the relevance of this finding for better understanding of the morphology and evolution of the vertebrate heart, we performed immunohistochemistry, slot blot and western blot in several species of chondrichthyans, actinopterygians and mammals using the above mentioned antibodies. In the dogfish heart, A4.1025 and MF20 specifically recognized MyHC isoforms, although with different degree of affinity. MF20 reactivity was homogeneous and high in all the myocardial segments. However, A4.1025 reactivity was heterogeneous. It was high in the sinus venosus (external layer), atrium and atrioventricular region, low in the ventricle and conus arteriosus, and null in the internal layer of the sinus venosus. A heterogeneous pattern of A4.1025 immunoreactivity was also detected in two other elasmobranchs, a holocephalan, a polypteryform and an acipenseriform. In all of these species, MF20 immunoreactivity was homogeneous. In addition, both markers showed a homogeneous immunoreactivity pattern in teleosts and mammals. Our results indicate that in the hearts of ancient gnathostomes, in all of which a conspicuous conus arteriosus exists, one or more MyHC isoforms with low affinity for A4.1025 show segment-specific distributions. Thus, A4.1025 appears to be an appropriated marker to identify the cardiac segments and their boundaries. We propose that the segmentspecific distribution of MyHC isoforms may generate a particular type of myocardial contractility associated with the presence of a conus arteriosus.

A fiber-compatible spectrally encoded imaging system using a 45° tilted fiber grating

We propose and demonstrate, for the first time to our best knowledge, the use of a 45° tilted fiber grating (TFG) as an infiber lateral diffraction element in an efficient and fiber-compatible spectrally encoded imaging (SEI) system. Under proper polarization control, the TFG has significantly enhanced diffraction efficiency (93.5%) due to strong tilted reflection. Our conceptually new fiber-topics-based design eliminates the need for bulky and lossy free-space diffraction gratings, significantly reduces the volume and cost of the imaging system, improves energy efficiency, and increases system stability. As a proof-of-principle experiment, we use the proposed system to perform an one dimensional (1D) line scan imaging of a customer-designed three-slot sample and the results show that the constructed image matches well with the actual sample. The angular dispersion of the 45° TFG is measured to be 0.054°/nm and the lateral resolution of the SEI system is measured to be 28 μm in our experiment.

Small states and the promotion of their foreign policy agenda in the international scenario: Trinidad and Tobago and the Kyoto Protocol

Este estudio de caso busca identificar los elementos del portafolio de política exterior de Trinidad y Tobago que le permitieron promover exitosamente sus intereses en el Protocolo de Kioto. Al hacer esto, este texto analizará las limitaciones de Trinidad y Tobago en términos de vulnerabilidades de localización, burocracia y recursos. Posteriormente, una revisión del portafolio de política exterior de este Estado ilustrará el uso de estrategias de creación de capacidades y de organización como lo son el contacto con actores institucionales y no gubernamentales, la formación de coaliciones y estrategias argumentativas, entre otras. Finalmente, este artículo concluirá que dichas acciones permitieron la promoción de la agenda de política exterior de Trinidad y Tobago a través de la creación de hojas de ruta y la coordinación de la incertidumbre con el Protocolo de Kioto. Para hacer esto, este trabajo se concentrará en examinar conceptos como vulnerabilidad y priorización, asimismo contrastando diferentes artículos académicos en la materia junto con documentos oficiales de Trinidad y Tobago.