Opinião de profissionais da educação e da saúde sobre o uso da prancha ortostática para o aluno com paralisia cerebral

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Recursos hídricos sob influência de efluentes industriais do polo industrial de Santa Gertrudes

Efluentes industriais e domésticos podem conter agentes químicos e biológicos que, em elevadas concentrações, causam danos aos ecossistemas aquáticos e à saúde ambiental. Um dos efeitos mais nocivos desses agentes poluidores é a sua capacidade de induzir alterações celulares. O uso de testes específicos capazes de detectar o potencial tóxico de substâncias químicas caracteriza-se em uma importante estratégia para avaliação ambiental. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os potenciais citotóxico, genotóxico e mutagênico de amostras de água de recursos hídricos da cidade de Santa Gertrudes-SP, relacionada com recebimento de efluentes de atividade ceramista, por meio de ensaios realizados com o sistema-teste de Allium cepa. Foram realizados testes com amostras de água coletadas no córrego Itaqui, após despejos de efluente de indústria cerâmica e em duas nascentes, tanto em período chuvoso como de seca. Para a análise dos parâmetros de toxicidade descritos acima, sementes de A. cepa foram expostas à germinação nas amostras das águas coletadas. Quando as radículas atingiram 2 cm de comprimento, os meristemas foram fixados em solução de Carnoy 3:1, para serem utilizadas nas avaliações das possíveis alterações dos índices de germinação e mitóticos, bem como de indução de aberrações nucleares e cromossômicas. Além disso, também foram avaliadas, como outro parâmetro indicativo de mutagenicidade, as frequências de micronúcleos em células F1 de A. cepa. O controle negativo foi realizado em água (osmose reversa) e o controle positivo em metilmetanosulfonato (MMS). O material fixado foi corado pela reação de Feulgen e as lâminas foram preparadas, utilizando as porções meristemática e F1 das raízes de A. cepa. As análises foram realizadas em microscópio de luz, por meio da contagem de alterações nucleares (micronúcleos e brotos) e de aberrações cromossômicas...

Recursos humanos e materiais na assistência de enfermagem a pacientes de uma unidade de tratamento de queimaduras

The burn is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in our society. It shows a great complexity and is hard to treat. Beyond the physical suffering, the burned patient is affected by psychological distress, requiring a high level of knowledge for assistance planning. The Professional Practice Law No. 7498 establishes the nurse as in charge of the client, as leader of the nursing team and as responsable for the management of physical and human resources. The nurse has autonomy to design the quantitative and qualitative picture of the nursing staff and should use the methodologies for their suitability to the real levels of assistance needed. Material resources represent 15 to 25% of total expenditures at health organizations. Therefore, to maintain the care level, nurses must determine the needs, considering the quantitative, qualitative and financial aspects. The study aimed the survey of the human and material resources necessary for nursing care to patients in a Burns Treatment Unit and identify its epidemiological profile and its nursing diagnoses. We collected the data from medical records of hospitalized between July and August, and the nursing diagnoses were classified through the Taxonomy II proposed by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA). The design of the picture of nurses followed the parameters of COFEN Resolution nº 293/2004. We apply the Fugulin's Patients Classification System to establish levels of the required care. The institution's Cost Center provided a spreadsheet with the purchased items, subsequently classified into ABC. Most hospitalized patients were men, aged between 20 and 50. There was a predominance of patiences with minor burned and the most common type of burn was due to fire. The average residence time was 28.71 days, and 88% of the patients were discharged... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Educação matemática em escolas inclusivas: a sala de recursos em destaque

Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE

A gestão de doenças infecto-contagiosas: o impacto do dengue na saúde pública

Os vírus do dengue possuem quatro sorotipos distintos (DENV 1-4) e a infecção por um sorotipo confere imunidade específica em longo prazo apenas para aquele sorotipo. O declínio e a reemergência de epidemias de dengue estão intimamente relacionadas com a migração populacional, o intercâmbio e a introdução de sorotipos, o aumento da população, a urbanização descontrolada, o aumento da infestação por mosquitos do gênero Aedes, que são vetores dos vírus e por mudanças na conjuntura política dos municípios. A doença configura-se como um grande problema de saúde pública e cerca de três bilhões de pessoas encontram-se em risco de contrair o vírus e, anualmente, milhões de casos de dengue são notificados, com aproximadamente 500 mil internações. O impacto econômico da doença não está direcionado apenas aos gastos diretamente relacionados ao tratamento, mas também, ao controle e à prevenção. Além disto, outros desdobramentos podem ocorrer, como gastos gerados por afastamento do trabalho no período de convalescença e por morte devido à infecção pelo vírus. As constantes trocas de equipes de prevenção e controle podem impactar negativamente a doença, favorecendo a dispersão do vetor e a manutenção do dengue no ambiente. Desta forma, o objetivo do trabalho é sistematizar as informações sobre o impacto do dengue na gestão dos recursos destinados a doenças infecto-contagiosas.

Perfil de uso de recursos ergogênicos em academias da cidade de Bauru/SP

The increasing number of gyms and their patrons increasingly concerned about the health, appearance and aesthetics propagated by the media and the supply of ergogenic both food as hormonal some without proof of its effects generated interest for the study of consumption of such ergogenic goers by academies of Bauru/SP; objective was also to assess whether the Physical Education professionals are prepared to guide properly, such as the use of these goers ergogenic. To this end, a questionnaire specific to each category was used, to be answered voluntarily and anonymously, with closed and open questions divided into two parts: one for socio demographic characterization and another in which were discussed issues regarding the use/orientation ergogenic. The research involved a sample of 12 academies and 205 attendees, including 152 men (74.15%) and 53 (25.85) women. Among men, 61.18% (n=93) did use ergogenic(s) food(s), while among women, this percentage was 33.96% (n=18). Regarding the use of hormonal resources, only 4.61% (n=7) of men said they used; there were no cases of women using hormonal resources. Were also interviewed 19 assessors/trainers/teachers, two which fifteen (15) men and four (4) women. Most consumers of ergogenic: (1) is understood in the age group 21-30 years and the socioeconomic classification bands called B1 and B2; (2) practice bodybuilding and consumption ergogenic resources with purpose of muscular hypertrophy; (3) practicing bodybuilding for a period between 1 and 5 years, consumes ergogenic(s) for a period less than one year, and perhaps the most significant event, starts the consumption of ergogenic(s) in a period of less than one year after starting the practice of bodybuilding, and that there are consumers who start consuming ergogenic as soon begin the practice of bodybuilding; (4) has as its main source of indication for the use of ergogenic, the gym instructor, among which, some respondents reported...

Profissionais de saúde como professores: tensões e potências nas práticas de ensino na atensão primária à saúde

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Desafıos do profıssional de saúde na notifıcação da violência: obrigatoriedade, efetivação e encaminhamento

The notification of the occurrence or suspicion of violence is mandatory for health professionals and is a key tool for epidemiological surveillance and the definition of public policies for prevention and intervention. However, professionals feel unprepared for this assignment, which renders underreporting prevalent. To address this issue, the objective is to identify the means available to the professional to submit notification as well as ensure due process follow-up. For this purpose, research and document analysis was conducted in Brazilian legislation, ordinances, and government programs, codes of ethics and consultation of the literature in databases on the subject over a period of five years to establish a brief comparative analysis with other countries. The conclusion drawn is that while some measures are inapplicable, knowledge about the appropriate process for the notification and routing to specific organs will enable healthcare professionals to make the appropriate decisions for the protection and safety of the victim, besides the measures in order to change this situation of violence in the country.

A experiência da saúde coletiva na formação profissional: retrato da extensão universitária

The guidelines of National Curriculum for Dental courses highlights the necessity in providing for the professional the ability to analyze and assess community’s problems and needs, and to create solutions for the society. The continuing education may be considered a useful tool for the teaching and learning because it favors the diversification of learning environments, which allows the insertion of undergraduate and graduate students into the real scenarios. This current study aimed to assess the Public Health projects and programs of the UNESP – Araçatuba Dental School, by describing the interaction experiences between faculty and health services in the professional career development. Historical, documentary and descriptive searches were performed based on the faculty archives such as official documents, reports, databases from the Pro-rector of continuing education and published papers in the period between 1964 and 2011. The following experiences were noted: the Extra-Muro Dental Service (SEMO), established in 1964, that focused in providing dental treatment to the rural population, highlighted the social inclusion of discriminated society groups since that time. In 1972, this service was expanded to several specific populations living in the urban areas. In the '60s, many educational campaigns were performed as homemade water filter and construction of wells and septic tanks which demonstrate the concern with the determinants of healthdisease process. At that time, the campaign of fluoridation of public water supplies in several counties started as Araçatuba, Birigui, Penápolis, Guararapes, Valparaíso and so on. The Campaign of “Good Teeth” from the '70s became wider over time and it was transformed in the "Oral Health Education Program" and it was continuously developed in all public schools of Araçatuba and some neighboring towns, benefiting children aged from 6 to 10 years-old. Several epidemiological studies of caries, periodontal diseases, malocclusion and fluorosis were conducted in cooperation with local governments, and counted with the participation of undergraduate and graduate students. Pereira Barreto – SP was the precursor city in Brazil to carry out fluorosis study. Currently, 12 projects of Public Health from the Institution of Higher Education in the Pro-rector of continuing education are being developed. The concern in qualifying the human resources in health is confirmed with the development of training courses and workshops for professionals, highlighting the training for people enrolled in the Family Health program; Community Health Agent training - Solidarity University, and Municipal Health Counselors training. The Graduate Program in Social and Preventive Dentistry, created in 1993, has an important role to train several professionals for the Unified Health System, and provides education to create researchers, professors and administrators, and enucleates research groups in several Brazilian states. In all activities showed herein, a dynamic participation of undergraduate and graduate students has been observed, and several books, guidelines, articles, brochures and booklets have been published as a result of the continuing education activities.. It was concluded that different projects and programs have been developed by the Public Health of UNESP –Araçatuba Dental School, which allow the exchange of experience between the university and health services, and benefit all participants enrolled in these activities.

A importância da integração universidade e serviços de saúde

Brazilian Curricular Directrix demand changes on teaching dental surgeon, proposing new scenes of learning and study other than the classroom. So, pedagogic projects should search for integral and adequate education by relating teaching, research and extension/assistance. This paper discusses the importance of university extension activities on teaching Odontology students and relates the experience of Araçatuba Dental School of São Paulo State University. This school develops some university extension activities since the 60s by Dental Service Beyond School (SEMO, in portuguese). Among the activities included by SEMO there are several projects, such as: “Program of Dental Attention for Pregnant Women”, “Program of Dental Attention to Juvenile Foundation at Araçatuba”, “Always Smiling – Health Promotion for Institutionalized Elderlies”, “Santa Clara de Assis Nursery School Program of Dental Attention”, and "Promotion of oral health in Araçatuba public kindergarten schools”. These programs give the student knowledge of structure dimensions of public health services; chance to participate on attendance for the population, comprehension of oral health politics, and the role of dental surgeon in social context, where these students will work in the future. The positive impact obtained with these services is perceived by students return. Most of them feel satisfied about the experience lived there.

Plano Munucipal de saúde: análise do instrumento de gestão

Among planning instruments used by manager instances of Brazilian Health System it pointed the Health Municipal Plan (PMS) that should be built collectively showing political intentions, directresses, priorities, objectives, goals framework, estimative of resources and need costs to get the goals of the health sector. The aim of this work was to analyze the plans in relation to attendance of legal requirements which manage the Brazilian Health System, its constitution and showing of essential items. The study included three municipalities form São Paulo State. It was used the documental analysis as research technique. Near all plans showed an analysis of situation with detailed descriptions of general situation of municipality, and only one of them realized critical analysis of their epidemiological data; the financial income applied on health was decrypted by only one municipality. About programming, all municipalities described the main problems and its solutions. Although they had goals framework, the question about cost estimative to get the goals was not approached. Any municipality showed an annual review, being one of them delayed over than two years. It was observed no participation of Municipal Health Council on elaboration and review of plans. It was concluded that there was a deficiency in the plans analyzed. It’s necessary to execute continuing education with managers in relation to importance of systematic elaboration of plans and to incentive the promotion of active participation of Municipal Health Council promotion of aiming to became true the social control of health actions.

Ética e atuação profissional: percepção de agentes comunitários de saúde

The perceptions of the Community Health Agent (CHA) referred to ethics in their work have been evaluated in this study. A questionnaire with social and ethical issues was applied in 61 ACS. 90% reported having received information about ethics, and “training courses” was the most cited source (68.9%). On a scale from 1 (least) to 5 (maximum), 67% claimed to have knowledge about ethics among 4 or 5 and 88.5% reported that this topic has an importance of 5 in their work. Ethical conflicts exposed had an average of 75% of respondents in agreement with the reference sources, and the two items involving “information privacy” showed the greatest disagreement. Ethics was considered important by the professional performance of subjects who had a good perception about the issue; however the topic about privacy of information generated controversy.

O conceito de saúde geral e bucal na visão dos cuidadores de idosos

The aim of this study was to analyze the perception of elderly caregivers in relation to the meaning of general and oral health and about oral health status of the institutionalized aged. It was performed a qualitative study, using Discourse of Collective Subject method. It were interviewed 42 caregivers who worked in longterm care facilities of Araçatuba City, SP and Passo Fundo City, RS – Brazil, applying a structured questionnaire. The interviews were recorded and transcript to be performed the qualitative analysis. The answers were analyzed and them it was elaborated the discourses of collective subject (DCS). Oral health, according to caregivers, was hygiene habits and good diet, while the absence of oral health was sequelae of oral diseases. It's possible to note that older means of health were being substituted by new perceptions of quality of life and is very divergent between older professionals and those who graduated during last two decades. However, according to caregivers, this health perception as quality of life was not included in Dentistry, where the old mean "absence of symptoms" was prevalent. For part of them, the institutionalized elderly have no oral health and the only way to improve their condition was through clinical attendance.

Promoção e avaliação da atitude de Vigilância Nutricional na Atenção Básica à Saúde de municípios das bacias Piracicaba-Capivari

Considering the importance of food and nutritional surveillance as part of a community's basic health care, our objective was to expose and discuss the educational experience of eleven municipalities of the state of São Paulo geared to build an attitude of nutritional security. The accounts were made in the form of workshops with the contribution of basic health care workers of each municipality, based on daily field worksheets and followed by an evaluation process, which used a semi-structured questionnaire. The results were classified into four categories. The methodology, based on the actual participation in the workshops was considered adequate, although some exposure and removal of personal inhibitions were necessary. These barriers were left behind with the aid of group dynamic exercises. Among the themes treated, anthropometry was highlighted because of insufficient technical know-how and standardization. An attitude towards nutritional surveillance was recognized by the health-care professionals as an important basis for the nutritional practice in order to attain food and nutritional security.

Notificação de violência contra criança: conhecimento e comportamento dos profissionais de saúde

Introduction: The violence against children and teenagers severely damages physical health and psychological development of their victims. Health professionals are in a strategic position to detect cases of assault and legally obliged to report such cases, even suspected. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of health professionals who work in the National Health System (SUS) on reporting of violence against children and adolescents. Methods: We conducted interviews with 54 primary care team of four cities from the region of São José do Rio Preto. Results: Through the study could be seen that 92.6% of respondents suspected or witnessed violence against children exercising their profession in the SUS. About Order 1968/2001, 75.5% of practitioners claim ignoring it. 96.2% were not informed about completing the notification form of violence. 88.9% do not know about the existence of the same workplace. The association between obtaining information on work and the act of notification was significant (p = 0.0276). Conclusion: The professionals are still unaware of the legal issues related to notification. It is suggested that the training of them to deal with the bureaucratic side of the issue, once notify contributes to the delineation of the epidemiology of violence and consequent development of public policies