Dicas para comprar ou construir um pad de estudos

O vídeo apresenta sugestões de como os alunos podem comprar ou construir um pad de estudos para percussão. O professor apresenta diferentes tipos de pads, que são borrachas utilizadas para a prática com baquetas. Alguns são comprados já prontos, outros podem ser construídos pelos alunos. Feito para alunos que estão estudando percussão, o vídeo visa esclarecer algumas questões fundamentais para a aquisição desse equipamento, bem como explicar sua importância nos estudos de percussão.

Guia de estudos em impactos ambientais: métodos, planejamento, estudos e aplicações

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Estudos de microsatélites em humanos: aplicações na identificação de indivíduos, genética de populações, datação de mutações e diagnóstico de doenças

Os microsatélites, também chamados STRs (Short Tandem Repeat), são pequenas sequências de DNA que consistem numa sequência de repetições de um motivo que varia de um a seis pares de bases. Existem em quase todos os cromossomas humanos e podem situar-se nos exões ou nos intrões. Estes últimos são altamente polimórficos e são por isso utilizados na identificação de indivíduos em testes de paternidade e também em estudos de genética de populações. A combinação dos vários genótipos possíveis faz com que cada indivíduo possua um perfil único, que permite a sua identificação. Existem também microsatélites associados a exões ou a regiões promotoras dos genes, normalmente repetições trinucleotídicas CGG/CCG ou CAG/CTG, associados a doenças neurodegenerativas como a síndrome do X-frágil e a doença de Huntington. Neste trabalho caracterizaram-se geneticamente várias populações humanas dos arquipélagos da Madeira, Açores e Cabo Verde. A partir do estudo dos microsatélites do cromossoma Y, foram definidas idades de coalescência que permitiram concluir que as cópias do gene DAZ situado no cromossoma Y são o resultado de um processo evolutivo estando a sua evolução associada a alguns haplogrupos. Verificou-se também a ocorrência de possíveis mutações nos SNPs que definem os haplogrupos, através da comparação dos microsatélites do cromossoma Y dentro de cada haplogrupo, especialmente no haplogrupo E3b. Verificou-se existir uma associação entre o número de repetições CAG e GGC do gene Receptor de Androgénios (AR), situado no cromossoma X, e a infertilidade especialmente quando combinados os dois polimorfismos, parecendo haver um efeito protector dos alelos maiores e alguma susceptibilidade para os alelos menores. Quando se estudou o número de repetições GGC do gene FMR1 em doentes com suspeita de síndrome de X-frágil observaram-se diferenças significativas quando comparadas com a população em geral e com um grupo de sobredotados. Essa diferença deveu-se principalmente à presença do alelo 29 em quase todos os indivíduos do primeiro grupo o que por si só não constitui um factor de risco mas poderá ser uma indicação da associação deste alelo com outra mutação no mesmo gene que possa ser responsável por este fenótipo.

Ler, ver e ouvir: estudos sobre narrativas infanto-juvenis em suporte impresso e em suporte digital (e-book e áudio-livro)

A presente dissertação de Mestrado é apresentada para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Gestão Cultural pela Universidade da Madeira. Esta investigação pretende efectuar uma breve revisão da bibliografia teórica acerca do livro em suporte impresso e do livro em suporte digital. Naturalmente que foram convocados conceitos como hipertexto, hipermédia e multimédia. A pergunta a formular no decurso desta investigação poderá parecer simples: como é que a linguagem (nas suas dimensões oral e escrita) no ecrã poderá funcionar de diferente forma no papel? Para tentar responder a esta questão foi imprescindível uma investigação em contexto prático para se poder obter uma resposta fundamentada e rigorosa ao problema colocado. O trabalho de campo (em contexto prático, portanto) realizou-se a partir da criação de um texto inédito, escrito pela autora da presente dissertação, através do qual se pretendeu aferir e analisar os efeitos da transição da escrita em suporte papel para meios digitais e/ou a coexistência de ambos os suportes, de forma a tentar compreender a forma como a substituição e/ou a co-presença de meios poderá afectar (e de que modo) a compreensão textual de crianças em contexto educativo, tendo em grande medida por objectivo analisar a influência da escrita e dos áudio-livros no processo de aprendizagem de crianças do 4º ano do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Para este efeito, elaborou-se um livro em papel e um e-book para ser visualizado no ecrã de um computador e, por comparação, aferir a reacção das crianças perante os dois artefactos. Após as conclusões obtidas neste trabalho de campo, estas foram motivo de reflexão e ponto de partida para a realização de uma aplicação interactiva que neste momento está disponibilizada na store da Apple apenas para iPads.

Estudos de Durabilidade Frente ao Ataque Ácido de Compósitos Portland-Polímero para Cimentação de Poços de Petróleo

Portland-polymers composites are promising candidates to be used as cementing material in Northeastern oil wells of Brazil containing heavy oils submitted to steam injection. In this way, it is necessary to evaluate its degradation in the commonly acidizind agents. In addition, to identify how aggressive are the different hostile environments it is an important contribution on the decision of the acidic systems to be used in. It was investigated the performance of the Portland-polymer composites using powdered polyurethane, aqueous polyurethane, rubber tire residues and a biopolymer, those were reinforced with polished carbon steel SAE 1045 to make the electrochemical measurements. HCl 15,0 %, HCl 6,0 % + HF 1,5 % (soft mud acid), HCl 12,0 % + HF 3,0 % (regular mud acid) and HAc 10 % + HF 1,5 % were used as degrading environment and electrolytes. The more aggressive acid solution to the plain Portland hardened cement paste was the regular mud acid, that showed loss of weight around 23.0 %, followed by the soft mud acid, the showed 11.0 %, 15.0 % HCl with 7,0 % and, at last the 10.0 % HAc plus HF 1.5 % with just 1.0 %. The powdered polyurethane-composite and the aqueous polyurethane one showed larger durability, with reduction around 87.0 % on the loss of weight in regular mud acid. The acid attack is superficial and it occurs as an action layer, where the degraded layer is responsible for the decrease on the kinetic of the degrading process. This behavior can be seen mainly on the Portland- aqueous polyurethane composite, because the degraded layer is impregnated with chemically modified polymer. The fact of the acid attack does not have influence on the compressive strength or fratography of the samples, in a general way, confirms that theory. The mechanism of the efficiency of the Portland-polymers composites subjected to acid attack is due to decreased porosity and permeability related with the plain Portland paste, minor quantity of Ca+2, element preferentially leached to the acidic solution, wave effect and to substitute part of the degrading bulk for the polymeric one. The electrolyte HAc 10 % + HF 1,5 % was the least aggressive one to the external corrosion of the casing, showing open circuit potentials around +250 mV compared to -130 mV to the simulated pore solution to the first 24 hours immersion. This behavior has been performed for two months at least. Similar corrosion rates were showed between both of the electrolytes, around 0.01 μA.cm-2. Total impedance values, insipient arcs and big polarization resistance capacitive arcs on the Nyquist plots, indicating passivity process, confirm its efficiency. In this way, Portlandpolymers composites are possible solutions to be succeed applied to oilwell cementing concomitant submitted to steam injection and acidizing operation and the HAc 10,0 % + HF 1,5 % is the less aggressive solution to the external corrosion of the casing

Estudos e propriedades mecânicas de um novo tipo de bloco cerâmico híbrido para edificações em alvenarias estruturais

This dissertation presents a hybrid ceramic block the use of which reside in the buildings executed with walls. Initially, we conducted a survey on the requirements and / or norms prevailing in Brazil about structural ceramic blocks, making use of the experiences in other countries. This work seeks new materials and / or products in order to maintain or increase the compressive strength of the ceramic blocks, without neglecting the other properties. Then was collected materials (clay and crushed powder) and an approach on the characterization, through fluorescence, Mineralogy, vitrification curve and characterization of these materials used in the manufacture of the blocks by Ray Diffraction "X" and SEM. Subsequently it was made, numbered and measured dimensions of about 150 bodies of the test piece (hybrid ceramic blocks in small sizes) with varying percentages of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% substitution of crushed clay powder. After sintering of the bodies of the test piece at temperatures of 900oC, 1000oC 1100oC and with a heating rate of 5oC/minuto and level of 1 hour, the samples were submitted to the tests (compressive strength and water absorption) and calculated their retractions, which were subsequently carried out the analysis of the results according to the criteria and parameters required by Brazilian legislation and standards in force

Estudos comparativos do ciclo de regeneração de diferentes tipos de silicoaluminofosfatos

Different types of heterogeneous catalysts of the silicoaluminophosphate type, (SAPO-5, SAPO-11, SAPO-31, SAPO-34 and SAPO-41), molecular sieves with a: AFI, AEL, ATO, CHA and AFO structure, respectively, were synthesized through the hydrothermal method. Using sources such as hydrated alumina (pseudobohemita), phosphoric acid, silica gel, water, as well as, different types of organic structural templates, such as: cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMABr), di-isopropylamine (DIPA), di-n- propylamine (DNPA) and tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEOS), for the respective samples. During the preparation of the silicoaluminophosphates, the crystallization process of the samples occurred at a temperature of approximately 200 ° C, ranging through periods of 18-72 h, when it was possible to obtain pure phases for the SAPOs. The materials were furthermore washed with deionized water, dried and calcined to remove the molecules of the templates. Subsequently the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), absorption spectroscopy in the infrared region (FT-IR), specific surface area and thermal analysis via TG/DTG. The acidic properties were determined using adsorption of n-butylamine followed by programmed termodessorption. These methods revealed that the SAPO samples showed a typically weak to moderate acidity. However, a small amount of strong acid sites was also detected. The deactivation of the catalysts was conducted by artificially coking the samples, followed by n-hexane cracking reactions in a fixed bed with a continuous flow micro-reactor coupled on line to a gas chromatograph. The main products obtained were: ethane, propane, isobutene, n-butane, n-pentane and isopentane. The Vyazovkin (model-free) kinetics method was used to determine the catalysts regeneration and removal of the coke

Estudos hidroquímicos da água produzida de um determinado campo de petróleo da bacia potiguar

Waste generated during the exploration and production of oil, water stands out due to various factors including the volume generated, the salt content, the presence of oil and chemicals and the water associated with oil is called produced water. The chemical composition of water is complex and depends strongly on the field generator, because it was in contact with the geological formation for thousands of years. This work aims to characterize the hydrochemical water produced in different areas of a field located in the Potiguar Basin. We collected 27 samples from 06 zones (400, 600, 400/600, 400/450/500, 350/400, A) the producing field called S and measured 50 required parameter divided between physical and chemical parameters, cations and anions. In hydrochemical characterization was used as tools of reasons ionic calculations, diagrams and they hydrochemical classification diagram Piper and Stiff diagram and also the statistic that helped in the identification of signature patterns for each production area including the area that supplies water injected this field for secondary oil recovery. The ionic balance error was calculated to assess the quality of the results of the analysis that was considered good, because 89% of the samples were below 5% error. Hydrochemical diagrams classified the waters as sodium chloride, with the exception of samples from Area A, from the injection well, which were classified as sodium bicarbonate. Through descriptive analysis and discriminant analysis was possible to obtain a function that differs chemically production areas, this function had a good hit rate of classification was 85%

Estudos analíticos dos grafoelementos do eletroencefalograma em sono: fusos do sono, ondas agudas do vértex e o gradiente de freqüência e amplitude, como indicadores de comprometimento neurológico na criança

Innumerable studies have focused been reported on the sleep spindles (SS), Sharp Vertex Waves (SVW) and REM, NREM Sleep as indicators interpreting EEG patterns in children. However, Frequency and Amplitud Gradient (FAG) is rarely cited sleep parameter in children,that occurs during NREM Sleep. It was first described by Slater and Torres, in 1979, but has not been routinely evaluated in EEG reports. The aim of this study was to assess the absence of SS, SVW and FAG, as an indication of neurological compromise in children. The sample consisted of 1014 EEGs of children referred to the Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory, Hospital Universitário de Brasília (HUB), from January 1997 to March 2003, with ages ranging from 3 months to 12 years old, obtained in spontaneous sleep or induced by choral hydrate. The study was transversal and analytical, in which, visual analysis of EEG traces was perfumed individually and independently by two electroencephalographers without prior knowledge of the EEG study or neurological findings. After EEG selection, the investigators analyzed the medical reports in order to define and correlate neurological pattern was classified according to the presence or absence of neurological compromise, as Normal Neurological Pattern (NNP), and Altered Neurological Pattern (ANP) respectively. From the visual analysis of the EEG(s), it was possible to characterize 6 parameters: 1- FAG present (64,1%); 2- FAG absent (35,9%); 3 - normal SS (87,9%); 4 - altered SS s (12,1%); 5 - normal SVW s (95,7%); 6 - altered SVW s (4,3%). The prevalence of well-formed FAG is found in the 3 months to 5 years age group in the children with NNF. FAG was totally absent from the age of 10 years. When comparing the three sleep graphielements, it was observed that SVW and SS were predominant in children with NNF. However, FAG absent was more prevalent in the ANF than in altered SS an SVW. The statistical analysis showed that there is a strong association of FAG absent, with isolated alteration, in ANF patients, in that the prevalence ratio was 6,60. The association becomes stronger when FAG absent + altered SS(s) is considered (RP= 6,68). Chi-square test, corrected by Yates technique, showed a highly significant relation for FAG ρ= 0,00000001, for error X of 5%, or else the 95% confidence interval (ρ<0,05). Thus, the FAG absent were more expressive in ANF patient than altered SS(s) and SVW(s). The association becomes stronger in order to establish a prognostic relation, when the FAG is combined with the SS. The results os this study allow us to affirm that the FAG, when absent at ages ranging from 3 months to 5 years , is an indication of neurological compromise. FAG is an age-dependent EEG parameter and incorporated systematically, in the interpretation criteria of the EEG of children s sleep, not only in the maturational point of view, but also neurological disturbances with encephalic compromise