Which Legal Standards Should Apply To Web-logs? The present legal position of Internet journals in the European iuris prudence in the light of the European Parliament Committee’s on Culture and Education report and Polish Supreme Court decision

The article discusses the present status of weblogs and examines whether legal standards applicable to traditional press and media should be applied to that specific forum. The analysis is based on two key documents: the Draft Report on the concentration and pluralism in the media in European Union (2007/2253(INI)) of the European Parliament Committee on Culture and Education presented in March 2008 and a landmark decision of the Polish Supreme Court from July 26, 2007 (IV KK 174/07) in the light of present judicial tendency in other European countries. The first of the mentioned documents calls for the “clarification of the legal status of different categories of weblog authors and publishers as well as disclosure of interests and voluntary labelling of weblogs”. It emphasizes that the “undetermined and unindicated status of authors and publishers of weblogs causes uncertainties regarding impartiality, reliability, source protection, applicability of ethical codes and the assignment of liability in the event of lawsuits”. The position of the European Parliament, expressed in the document, raises serious questions on the limits of freedom of thought and speech on the Internet and on the degree of acceptable state control. A recent Polish Supreme Court decision, which caused quite a stir in the Polish Internet community, seems to head in the very direction recommended by the EP Culture Committee. In a case of two editors of a web journal (“czasopismo internetowe”) called “Szyciepoprzemysku”, available on-line, accused of publishing a journal without the proper registration, the Polish Supreme Court stated that “journals and periodicals do not lose the character of a press release due solely to the fact that they appear in the form of an  Internet transmission”, and that ‘’the publishing of press in an electronic form, available on the Internet, requires  registration”. The decision was most surprising, as prior lower courts decisions declined the possibility to register Internet periodicals. The accused were acquitted in the name of the constitutional principle of the rule of law (art. 7 of the Polish Constitution) and the ensuing obligation to protect the trust of a citizen to the state (a conviction in this case would break the collateral estoppel rule), however the decision quickly awoke media frenzy and raised the fear of a need to register all websites that were regularly updated. The spokesman of the Polish Supreme Court later explained that the sentence of the Court was not intended to cause a mass registration of all Internet “periodicals” and that neither weblogs nor Internet sites, that were regularly updated, needed registration. Such an interpretation of the Polish press law did not appear clear based only on the original text of the judgment and the decision as such still raises serious practical questions. The article aims to examine the status of Internet logs as press and seeks the compromise between the concerns expressed by European authorities and the freedom of thought and speech exercised on the Internet.

A User-Centric Perspective on Parallel Programming with Focus on OpenMP

The process of developing software that takes advantage of multiple processors is commonly referred to as parallel programming. For various reasons, this process is much harder than the sequential case. For decades, parallel programming has been a problem for a small niche only: engineers working on parallelizing mostly numerical applications in High Performance Computing. This has changed with the advent of multi-core processors in mainstream computer architectures. Parallel programming in our days becomes a problem for a much larger group of developers. The main objective of this thesis was to find ways to make parallel programming easier for them. Different aims were identified in order to reach the objective: research the state of the art of parallel programming today, improve the education of software developers about the topic, and provide programmers with powerful abstractions to make their work easier. To reach these aims, several key steps were taken. To start with, a survey was conducted among parallel programmers to find out about the state of the art. More than 250 people participated, yielding results about the parallel programming systems and languages in use, as well as about common problems with these systems. Furthermore, a study was conducted in university classes on parallel programming. It resulted in a list of frequently made mistakes that were analyzed and used to create a programmers' checklist to avoid them in the future. For programmers' education, an online resource was setup to collect experiences and knowledge in the field of parallel programming - called the Parawiki. Another key step in this direction was the creation of the Thinking Parallel weblog, where more than 50.000 readers to date have read essays on the topic. For the third aim (powerful abstractions), it was decided to concentrate on one parallel programming system: OpenMP. Its ease of use and high level of abstraction were the most important reasons for this decision. Two different research directions were pursued. The first one resulted in a parallel library called AthenaMP. It contains so-called generic components, derived from design patterns for parallel programming. These include functionality to enhance the locks provided by OpenMP, to perform operations on large amounts of data (data-parallel programming), and to enable the implementation of irregular algorithms using task pools. AthenaMP itself serves a triple role: the components are well-documented and can be used directly in programs, it enables developers to study the source code and learn from it, and it is possible for compiler writers to use it as a testing ground for their OpenMP compilers. The second research direction was targeted at changing the OpenMP specification to make the system more powerful. The main contributions here were a proposal to enable thread-cancellation and a proposal to avoid busy waiting. Both were implemented in a research compiler, shown to be useful in example applications, and proposed to the OpenMP Language Committee.

Diseño de Weblogs en la enseñanza.

Resumen tomado parcialmente del autor. Incluye cuadro de justificación económica del uso del weblog en la enseñanza, basado en Granieri 2004 e imágenes de weblogs con anotaciones sobre su estructura

Social Computing Data Repository

Social Computing Data Repository hosts data from a collection of many different social media sites, most of which have blogging capacity. Some of the prominent social media sites included in this repository are BlogCatalog, Twitter, MyBlogLog, Digg, StumbleUpon, del.icio.us, MySpace, LiveJournal, The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW), Reddit, etc. The repository contains various facets of blog data including blog site metadata like, user defined tags, predefined categories, blog site description; blog post level metadata like, user defined tags, date and time of posting; blog posts; blog post mood (which is defined as the blogger's emotions when (s)he wrote the blog post); blogger name; blog post comments; and blogger social network.

Diseño de una estrategia de desarrollo responsable y sostenible de productividad estructurada en los soportes categóricos y enfoques productivos

El presente documento, tiene como finalidad presentar una estrategia de desarrollo responsable y sostenible social y ambientalmente, estructurada en cinco ejes categóricos y tres enfoques de la productividad, los cuales son determinados en el recorrido de la investigación.

Un blog en clase de educación física.

Resumen tomado de la publicación. Monográfico con el título: educación física y nuevas tecnologías

Weblogs para la enseñanza-aprendizaje.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación

Los weblogs en el aula de literatura para estudiantes de ELE.

Título del congreso: 'Una lengua, muchas culturas'

Effect of mood, social connectivity and age in online depression community via topic and linguistic analysis

Depression afflicts one in four people during their lives. Several studies have shown that for the isolated and mentally ill, the Web and social media provide effective platforms for supports and treatments as well as to acquire scientific, clinical understanding of this mental condition. More and more individuals affected by depression join online communities to seek for information, express themselves, share their concerns and look for supports [12]. For the first time, we collect and study a large online depression community of more than 12,000 active members from Live Journal. We examine the effect of mood, social connectivity and age on the online messages authored by members in an online depression community. The posts are considered in two aspects: what is written (topic) and how it is written (language style). We use statistical and machine learning methods to discriminate the posts made by bloggers in low versus high valence mood, in different age categories and in different degrees of social connectivity. Using statistical tests, language styles are found to be significantly different between low and high valence cohorts, whilst topics are significantly different between people whose different degrees of social connectivity. High performance is achieved for low versus high valence post classification using writing style as features. The finding suggests the potential of using social media in depression screening, especially in online setting.

Affective, linguistic and topic patterns in online autism communities

Online communities offer a platform to support and discuss health issues. They provide a more accessible way to bring people of the same concerns or interests. This paper aims to study the characteristics of online autism communities (called Clinical) in comparison with other online communities (called Control) using data from 110 Live Journal weblog communities. Using machine learning techniques, we comprehensively analyze these online autism communities. We study three key aspects expressed in the blog posts made by members of the communities: sentiment, topics and language style. Sentiment analysis shows that the sentiment of the clinical group has lower valence, indicative of poorer moods than people in control. Topics and language styles are shown to be good predictors of autism posts. The result shows the potential of social media in medical studies for a broad range of purposes such as screening, monitoring and subsequently providing supports for online communities of individuals with special needs.

Weblogs, aprendizagem e cultura da escola: um estudo etnográfico numa sala do 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico

Este estudo tem como objectivo descrever e interpretar a cultura emergente na sala de aula do 4º Ano de Escolaridade, no momento em que os alunos a professora e eu como investigador nos envolvemos em tarefas relacionadas com Weblogs. Deste modo, o uso desta tecnologia, no contexto pedagógico, desencadeia um conjunto de repercussões no status quo vigente, sendo possível: - A observação e análise do processo de apropriação dos Weblogs pelos alunos; - A análise dos artefactos resultantes dessa acção, e as implicações na construção social das aprendizagens; - A descrição dos papéis assumidos pelos actores envolvidos durante essa acção. Nesta investigação utilizo uma metodologia etnográfica, para explanação e confronto de subjectividades. Descrevo a realidade centrando-me primeiro na professora da sala e depois, dou a voz aos alunos, à medida que me deparo com um novo espaço de liberdade virtual, entretanto criado. O carácter inovador do projecto reside no facto deste discutir o momento a partir do qual os alunos, utilizando um espaço e um tempo para manusear as ferramentas tecnológicas, desenvolvem acções que não têm a ver directamente com o currículo, e que o amplia. O Weblog ou blog surge da vontade da professora, do interesse manifesto dos alunos quando utilizam a tecnologia disponível na sala de aula, do apoio do investigador e da comunidade escolar. Afirma-se com espaço de comunicação entre a escola e o mundo, criado e mantido pelos alunos, num claro desafio ao currículo, ampliando o espaço de actuação da escola.

Tecnologia, actividade autêntica e actividade escolar: uma experiência no 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

Pretende-se nesta comunicação reflectir o papel da tecnologia na criação de contextos escolares baseados no construtivismo / construcionismo, bem como na potencialização de mecanismos de aprendizagem colaborativa. Inseridos numa investigação qualitativa de natureza etnográfica, desenvolvida numa escola urbana do Funchal, o investigador e a professora da sala analisam relatos da vida de uma sala de aula, numa turma do 4º ano de escolaridade, a partir do momento em que os alunos, manuseando as ferramentas tecnológicas, desenvolvem acções que não tem a ver directamente com o currículo e que o amplia. O Weblog afirma-se com espaço de comunicação entre a escola o mundo, criado e mantido pelos alunos, num claro desafio ao currículo, ampliando o espaço de actuação da escola. As implicações desta reflexão levam-nos por um lado, ao debate sobre a natureza da aprendizagem, e em específico aos mecanismos de aprendizagem colaborativa. Por outro, à forma como se concebe a incorporação da tecnologia em contextos escolares, baseados no construtivismo / construcionismo, bem como os dispositivos necessários à sua incorporação.

A Faceted Classification Scheme for Computer-Mediated Discourse

This article describes a classification scheme for computer-mediated discourse that classifies samples in terms of clusters of features, or “facets”. The goal of the scheme is to synthesize and articulate aspects of technical and social context that influence discourse usage in CMC environments. The classification scheme is motivated, presented in detail with support from existing literature, and illustrated through a comparison of two types of weblog (blog) data. In concluding, the advantages and limitations of the scheme are weighed.