Two new fluorescent heterocyclic perimidines: first syntheses, crystal structure and spectral characterization

An efficient one-pot synthesis of two new heterocyclic perimidines 4-(2,3-dihydro-1H-perimidin-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenol and 2-(quinoxalin-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-perimidine in good yields is presented. This methodology provides a simple, straightforward synthetic route to these interesting classes of heterocycles. Crystal structure, solvatochromism and antibacterial activity of these organic compounds are discussed.

Spectral Characterization of Laser Induced Plasma from Titanium Dioxide

Optical emission from TiO2 plasma, generated by a nanosecond laser is spectroscopically analysed. The main chemical species are identified and the spatio-temporal distribution of the plasma parameters such as electron temperature and density are characterized based on the study of spectral distribution of the line intensities and their broadening characteristics. The parameters of laser induced plasma vary quickly owing to its expansion at low background pressure and the possible deviations from local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions are tested to show its validity.

Spectral Characterization of Laser Induced Plasma from Titanium Dioxide

Optical emission from TiO2 plasma, generated by a nanosecond laser is spectroscopically analysed. The main chemical species are identified and the spatio-temporal distribution of the plasma parameters such as electron temperature and density are characterized based on the study of spectral distribution of the line intensities and their broadening characteristics. The parameters of laser induced plasma vary quickly owing to its expansion at low background pressure and the possible deviations from local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions are tested to show its validity.

Spectral Characterization of Laser Induced Plasma from Titanium Dioxide

Optical emission from TiO2 plasma, generated by a nanosecond laser is spectroscopically analysed. The main chemical species are identified and the spatio-temporal distribution of the plasma parameters such as electron temperature and density are characterized based on the study of spectral distribution of the line intensities and their broadening characteristics. The parameters of laser induced plasma vary quickly owing to its expansion at low background pressure and the possible deviations from local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions are tested to show its validity

Spectral Characterization of Laser Induced Plasma from Titanium Dioxide

Optical emission from TiO2 plasma, generated by a nanosecond laser is spectroscopically analysed. The main chemical species are identified and the spatio-temporal distribution of the plasma parameters such as electron temperature and density are characterized based on the study of spectral distribution of the line intensities and their broadening characteristics. The parameters of laser induced plasma vary quickly owing to its expansion at low background pressure and the possible deviations from local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions are tested to show its validity.

Synthesis and Spectral Characterization of Lanthanide Complexes with Sulfamethoxazole and Their Antibacterial Activity

A series of nonelectrolytic lanthanide(III) complexes, [ ML 2 Cl 3 ] · 2 H 2 O, where M is lanthanum(III), praseodymium(III), neodymium(III), samarium(III), gadolinium(III), terbium(III), dysprosium(III), and yttrium(III), containing sulfamethoxazole ligand (L) are prepared. The structure and bonding of the ligand are studied by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR, 1 H NMR, TG / DTA , X-ray diffraction studies, and electronic spectra of the complexes. The stereochemistry around the metal ions is a monocapped trigonal prism in which four of the coordination sites are occupied by two each from two chelating ligands, sulfonyl oxygen, and nitrogen of the amide group and the remaining three positions are occupied by three chlorines. The ligand and the new complexes were tested in vitro to evaluate their activity against the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

Synthesis, spectral characterization and crystal structure of copper(II) complexes of 2-benzoylpyridine-N(4)-phenylsemicarbazone

An interesting series of nine new copper(II) complexes [Cu2L2(OAc)2] H2O (1), [CuLNCS] ½H2O (2), [CuLNO3] ½H2O (3), [Cu(HL)Cl2] H2O (4), [Cu2(HL)2(SO4)2] 4H2O (5), [CuLClO4] ½H2O (6), [CuLBr] 2H2O (7), [CuL2] H2O (8) and [CuLN3] CH3OH (9) of 2-benzoylpyridine-N(4)-phenyl semicarbazone (HL) have been synthesized and physico-chemically characterized. The tridentate character of the semicarbazone is inferred from IR spectra. Based on the EPR studies, spin Hamiltonian and bonding parameters have been calculated. The g values, calculated for all the complexes in frozen DMF, indicate the presence of the unpaired electron in the dx2 y2 orbital. The structure of the compound, [Cu2L2(OAc)2] (1a) has been resolved using single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The crystal structure revealed monoclinic space group P21/n. The coordination geometry about the copper(II) in 1a is distorted square pyramidal with one pyridine nitrogen atom, the imino nitrogen, enolate oxygen and acetate oxygen in the basal plane, an acetate oxygen form adjacent moiety occupies the apical position, serving as a bridge to form a centrosymmetric dimeric structure

Mass spectral characterization of submicron biogenic organic particles in the Amazon Basin

Submicron atmospheric particles in the Amazon Basin were characterized by a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer during the wet season of 2008. Patterns in the mass spectra closely resembled those of secondary-organic-aerosol (SOA) particles formed in environmental chambers from biogenic precursor gases. In contrast, mass spectral indicators of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) were insignificant, suggesting that PBAPs contributed negligibly to the submicron fraction of particles during the period of study. For 40% of the measurement periods, the mass spectra indicate that in-Basin biogenic SOA production was the dominant source of the submicron mass fraction, contrasted to other periods (30%) during which out-of-Basin organic-carbon sources were significant on top of the baseline in-Basin processes. The in-Basin periods had an average organic-particle loading of 0.6 mu g m(-3) and an average elemental oxygen-to-carbon (O:C) ratio of 0.42, compared to 0.9 mu g m(-3) and 0.49, respectively, during periods of out-of-Basin influence. On the basis of the data, we conclude that most of the organic material composing submicron particles over the Basin derived from biogenic SOA production, a finding that is consistent with microscopy observations made in a concurrent study. This source was augmented during some periods by aged organic material delivered by long-range transport. Citation: Chen, Q., et al. (2009), Mass spectral characterization of submicron biogenic organic particles in the Amazon Basin, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L20806, doi: 10.1029/2009GL039880.

Synthesis and Characterization Of Some Transition Metal Complexes Of Multidentate Ligands

Coordination chemistry of schiff bases is of considerable interest due to their various magnetic, catalytic and biological applications. Here it describes the spectral characterization of schiff bases and its Mn (II), Cu (II) and Ni (II) complexes. Then synthesis and spectral characterization of Zn (II), Cd (II) and Co (II) complexes of schiff base derived from 3-Formylsalicilic Acid and 1,3-diaminopropane. Then it discusses the synthesis and spectral studies of Copper (II) complexes of 2-Hydroxyacetophenone N-phenyl semicarbazone. Finally it discusses the synthesis and spectral characterization of Co (III) complexes of salicylaldehyde N-phenyl semicarbazone. The preparation and characterization of Cobalt (III) complexes of salicylaldehyde, N-phenylthiosemicarbazone containing hetrocyclic bases phenalthroline and bipyridine. Thiocyanate, azide and perchlorate ions act as coligands. Elemental analysis suggests +3 state for Cobalt. HNMR, IR and UV-visible spectra characterize the complexes.

Structural and Spectral Investigations of Transition Metal Complexes Of Di-2-Pyridyl Ketone N (4), N (4)-Disubstituted Thiosemicarbazones

The study deals with structural and spectral investigations of transition metal complexes of di-2-pyridyl ketone N(4),N(4)-disubstituted thiosemicarbazones. The main objective and scope of the work deals with di-2-pyridyl ketone N(4),N(4)-disubstituted thiosemicarbazones are quardridentate NNNS donor ligands. To chosen this ligand for study because, the ligands are prepared and characterized for the first time, since there are two pyridyl nitorgens, dimmers and polymers of complexes may result leading to interesting structural aspects. The work includes the preparation of the thiosemicarbzones and their structural and spectral studies, synthesis and spectral characterization of complexes of copper(II),,nickel(II),manganese(II), dioxovanadium(V),cobalt(III),zinc(II),cadmium(II) of the ligand HL, synthesis and spectral characterization of complexes of copper(II),manganese(II), of the ligand HL and the development of X-ray quality crystals and its X-ray diffraction studies. The structural characterization techniques are elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, magnetic measurements, electronic spectroscopy, H NMR spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography.

Structural and spectral studies of novel Co(III) complexes of N(4)-substituted thiosemicarbazones derived from pyridine-2-carbaldehyde

Seven bis(ligand) Co(III) complexes {[CoL21] NO3 · H2 O (1), [CoL21] Cl · 2 H2 O (2),[CoL21] ClO4 (3), [CoL22] NO3 (4), [CoL22] Cl · 2 H2 O (5), [CoL23] Br · 2 H2 O (6), [CoL23] ClO4 · H2 O (7)} of three thiosemicarbazone ligands {pyridine-2-carbaldehyde-N(4)-p-methoxyphenyl thiosemicarbazone [HL1], pyridine-2-carbaldehyde-N(4)-2-phenylethyl thiosemicarbazone [HL2] and pyridine-2-carbaldehyde-N(4)-(methyl),N(4)-(phenyl) thiosemicarbazone [HL3]} were synthesized and physico-chemically characterized. All complexes are assigned octahedral geometries on the basis of spectral studies. The ligands deprotonate and coordinate by means of pyridine nitrogen, azomethine nitrogen, and thiolate sulfur atoms. The single crystal X-ray structures of HL3 and two nitrate compounds are discussed. The structural studies corroborate the spectral characterization.

Chelating behavior of acylhydrazones towards transition metals:Spectral and structural aspects

The current work deals with the synthesis and characterization of metal complexes derived from some substituted acylhydrazones. The hydrazones under investigation were characterized by IR, UV, NMR spectral studies and the molecular structure of one of the hydrazones was solved by single crystal XRD studies. In the present work dioxovanadium(V), manganese(II), cobalt(II/III), nickel(II), copper(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements and cyclic voltammetry. Single crystals of some of the complexes were isolated and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction.The thesis is divided into eight chapters. Chapter 1 gives an introduction on hydrazones, diversity in their chelating behavior and their application in various fields. This chapter also describes different analytical techniques employed for the characterization of hydrazones and their metal complexes. Chapter 2 includes the synthesis and characterization of two substituted acylhydrazones. This chapter also discusses how the coordination behavior of hydrazones under investigation is interesting. Chapters 3-8 discuss the synthesis and characterization of some transition metal complexes derived from the acylhydrazones under study.The hydrazones synthesized were found to exist in the amido form. Various characterization techniques were carried out to explore the structure of the synthesized complexes. The results indicate that both the hydrazones coordinate through the pyridyl and azomethine nitrogens and amide oxygen either in enolate or neutral form. Out of synthesized complexes V(V), Zn/Cd(II) and one of the cobalt complex was found to diamagnetic. We could isolate single crystals of some of the complexes and most of the complexes crystallized were found to have a distorted octahedral geometry. Thus X-ray crystallographic study which was used as major tool in the structure determination revealed that the hydrazones undergo a rotation about the azomethine bond on complexation. We hope the work presented in the thesis would be helpful for those who are working in the field of metal complexes and can further they can be utilized for various applications.

Spectral and Structural Studies of Transition Metal Complexes of Thiosemicarbazones Containing Ring Incorporated at N(4)-position

The thesis is an introduction to evaluate the coordination behaviour of a few compounds of our interest. The crucial aim of these investigations was to synthesize and characterize some transition metal complexes using the ligands benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde N(4)-ring incorporated thiosemicarbazones.The study involves a brief foreword of the metal complexes of thiosemicarbazones including their bonding, stereochemistry and biological activities.The different analytical and spectroscopic techniques used for the analysis of the ligands and their complexes are discussed.It also deals with the synthesis and spectral characterization of the thiosemicarbazones and single crystal X-ray diffraction study of one of them.Chapter 3 describes the synthesis, spectral characterization, single crystal X-ray diffraction studies of copper(ll) complexes with ONS/NS donor thiosemicarbazones. Chapter 4 deals with the synthesis, spectral characterization and single crystal X-ray diffraction studies of nickel(II) complexes. Chapter 5 contains the synthesis, structural and spectral characterization of the cobalt(III) complexes. Chapters 6 and 7 include the synthesis, structural and spectral characterization of zinc(II) and cadmium(ll) complexes with ONS/NS donor thiosemicarbazones.

STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CANOPIES OF Eucalyptus spp. USING RADIOMETRIC DATA FROM TM/Landsat 5

Empirical approaches and, more recently, physical approaches, have grounded the establishment of logical connections between radiometric variables derived from remote data and biophysical variables derived from vegetation cover. This study was aimed at evaluating correlations of dendrometric and density data from canopies of Eucalyptus spp., as collected in Capao Bonito forest unit, with radiometric data from imagery acquired by the TM/Landsat-5 sensor on two orbital passages over the study site (dates close to field data collection). Results indicate that stronger correlations were identified between crown dimensions and canopy height with near-infrared spectral band data (rho(s)4), irrespective of the satellite passage date. Estimates of spatial distribution of dendrometric data and canopy density (D) using spectral characterization were consistent with the spatial distribution of tree ages during the study period. Statistical tests were applied to evaluate performance disparities of empirical models depending on which date data were acquired. Results indicated a significant difference between models based on distinct data acquisition dates.

Pulling Back the Veil: The Characterization and Habitability of Enshrouded Worlds

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-08