Using Noise Techniques to Destabilize Composition and Improvisation

A description of the uses of computer-generated noise in my instrumental scores and guided improvisations.

Justice as Improvisation:The Law of the Extempore

Justice as Improvisation: The Law of the Extempore theorises the relationship between justice and improvisation through the case of the New York City cabaret laws. Discourses around improvisation often imprison it in a quasi-ethical relationship with the authentic, singular ‘other’. The same can be said of justice. This book interrogates this relationship by highlighting the parallels between the aporetic conception of justice advanced by the late French philosopher Jacques Derrida and the nuanced approach to improvisation pursued by musicians and theorists alike in the new and emerging interdisciplinary field of Critical Studies in Improvisation (CSI). Justice as Improvisation re-imagines justice as a species of improvisation through the formal structure of the most basic of legal mechanisms, judicial decision-making, offering law and legal theory a richer, more concrete, understanding of justice. Not further mystery or mystique, but a negotiation between abstract notions of justice and the everyday practice of judging. Improvisation in judgment calls for ongoing, practical decision-making as the constant negotiation between the freedom of the judge to take account of the otherness or singularity of the case and the existing laws or rules that both allow for and constrain that freedom. Yes, it is necessary to judge, yes, it is necessary to decide, but to judge well, to decide justly, that is a music lesson perhaps best taught by critical improvisation scholars.

The Paradox of Performative Immediacy: Law, Music, Improvisation

In a 1999 essay, J.M. Balkin and Sanford Levinson called for law to be considered as a performing art. Against or perhaps going further than Balkin and Levinson, this commentary claims that while engagement with performance practices in the arts, such as music, is of the utmost value to law and legal theory, we must not take for granted what it means to ‘‘perform’’. Uniting Jacques Derrida’s la Villette performance (with jazz legend, Ornette Coleman) with his writings on performativity in law, this commentary looks to the musical practice of improvisation to trouble the notion of performance as immediate and singular and to question taken for granted distinctions between text and performance, writing and music, composition and improvisation. The consequence of this refined understanding of the performative on legal theory and the actual practice of law is a reconceptualization of law as improvisation, that is, both singular and general, pre-existent and immediate, and a refocusing on the creativity that lies at the heart of law’s conservativism.

Free Improvisation in Europe:Lecture and Hands-on Workshop, given at 5 different universities in Brazil during February - June 2014

The lecture traces the beginnings of the free improvisation scene in Europe, commencing in the 1960. I present a multitude of video and audio examples of some of the most prominent improvisers of the time.
I focus specifically on the scene that developed around John Stevens and his SME (Spontaneous Music Ensemble). The work of Derek Bailey, specifically his writings in “Improvisation: its nature and practice in music” (1980), will feature.

The practical workshop invites improvisers (beginners to advanced with any instruments) to work with me on several listening and improvisation exercises.
Many of the exercises will be based on the innovative methods as developed by John Stevens in his work “Search and Reflect”. Participants will be able to experiment with a few essential ‘sound/listening’ exercises, guided by myself.
It is envisaged that a small ensemble is formed which will explore several improvisatory strategies. This part is open to all skill levels, all ages and any instrumental groupings.

Trio Performance with 'Faint' at "Sounds New Contemporary Music Festival":Graphic Scores and Free improvisation: Canterbury, Kent

The programme contained a performance by the trio FAINT (Pedro Rebelo - Piano and instru- mental parasites, Franziska Schroeder - Saxophone and Steve Davis - Drums). The performance includes short electroacoustic works based on the trio's free improvisation and a performance of Rebelo's Cipher Series graphic scores.

Performative Book launch of "Soundweaving: Writings on improvisation" (ed. Schroeder) with colleagues from SARC

A whole day event curated by F. Schroeder for the "2014 Sounds Alive Audio Festival, Dublin", included lecture, listening rooms and performance events

Improvisation, Indeterminacy and Game-Mediated Participation in Network Music Performance

This chapter focuses on the relationship between improvisation and indeterminacy. We discuss the two practices by referring to play theory and game studies and situate it in recent network music performance. We will develop a parallel with game theory in which indeterminacy is seen as a way of articulating situations where structural decisions are left to the discernment of the performers and discuss improvisation as a method of play. The improvisation-indeterminacy relationship is discussed in the context of network music performance, which employs digital networks in the exchange of data between performers and hence relies on topological structures with varying degrees of openness and flexibility. Artists such as Max Neuhaus and The League of Automatic Music Composers initiated the development of a multitude of practices and technologies exploring the network as an environment for music making. Even though the technologies behind “the network” have shifted dramatically since Neuhaus’ use of radio in the 1960’s, a preoccupation with distribution and sharing of artistic agency has remained at the centre of networked practices. Gollo Föllmer, after undertaking an extensive review of network music initiatives, produced a typology that comprises categories as diverse as remix lists, sound toys, real/virtual space installations and network performances. For Föllmer, “the term ‘Net music’ comprises all formal and stylistic kinds of music upon which the specifics of electronic networks leave considerable traces, whereby the electronic networks strongly influence the process of musical production, the musical aesthetic, or the way music is received” (2005: 185).

Museum City - Improvisation and the narratives of space

This paper provides four viewpoints on the narratives of space, allowing us to think about possible relations between sites and sounds, reflecting on how places might tell stories, or how practitioners embed themselves in a place in order to shape cultural, social and/or political narratives through the use of sound. I propose four viewpoints that investigate the relationship between sites and sounds, where narratives are shaped and made through the exploration of specific sonic activities. These are:
- sonic activism
- sonic preservation
- sonic participatory action
- sonic narrative of space

I examine each of these ideas in turn before focusing in more detail on the final viewpoint, which provides the context for discussing and analysing a recent site-specific music improvisation project, entitled ‘Museum City’, a work that aligns closely with my proposal for a ‘sonic narrative of space’.
The work ‘Museum City’ by Pedro Rebelo, Franziska Schroeder, Ricardo Jacinto and André Cepeda specifically enables me to reflect on how derelict and/or transitional spaces might be re-examined through the use of sound, particularly through means of live music improvisation. The spaces examined as part ‘Museum City’ constitute either deserted sites or sites about to undergo changes in their architectural layout, their use and sonic make-up. The practice in ‘Museum City’ was born out of a performative engagement with[in] those sites, but specifically out of an intimate listening relationship by three improvisers situated within those spaces.
The theoretical grounding for this paper is situated within a wider context of practising and cognising musical spatiality, as proposed by Georgina Born (2013), particularly her proposition for three distinct lineages that provide an understanding of space in/and music. Born’s third lineage, which links more closely with practices of sound art and challenges a Euclidean orientation of pitch and timbre space, makes way for a heightened consideration of listening and ‘the place’ of sound. This lineage is particularly crucial for my discussion, since it positions music in relation to social experiences and the everyday, which the work ‘Museum City’ endeavoured to embrace.

Les composantes de l'entraînement à l'improvisation actives dans la gestion des imprévus en classe du secondaire

Le désir de trouver des outils pour rendre moins ardue l'adaptation des jeunes enseignantes et des jeunes enseignants à la profession enseignante est à l'origine de cette recherche. En effet, des statistiques alarmantes révèlent un taux très élevé d'abandon de la profession dans les cinq premières années d'enseignement au secondaire. La gestion de classe est reconnue dans la documentation scientifique comme une des principales difficultés éprouvées par les enseignantes et les enseignants débutants. Malgré toute la préparation liée, en grande partie, à la phase préactive de l'enseignement, la gestion des imprévus, une fois en classe, pose problème aux novices, puisqu'ils ne disposent pas d'un répertoire expérientiel suffisant pour faire face à une grande variété de situations. Cependant, avec le temps, les enseignants développent une certaine assurance qui les rend moins vulnérables devant les imprévus qui surviennent en classe, notamment en raison de leur capacité à improviser. Cette aisance manifestée par des enseignantes et des enseignants expérimentés devant toutes sortes de situations en classe semble établir un lien très étroit entre l'improvisation et une gestion de classe efficace, en particulier lorsque se présentent des situations non planifiées. Holborn (2003), à partir des travaux de Schön (1983) sur le processus de réflexion-en-action, établit un lien entre l'improvisation et l'enseignement de même que Yinger (1987) et Tochon (1993b). Durand (1996) et Le Boterf (2002) permettent de situer l'acte d'improviser à l'intérieur d'un système complexe de connaissances préalables ou complémentaires et font émerger l'idée que cette capacité puisse se développer autrement que par l'expérience. Les travaux de Sawyer (2004) et Lobman (2005), quant à eux, tissent des liens entre une formation en improvisation théâtrale et la gestion des interactions en classe. La recension des écrits révèle qu'une bonne partie de l'expertise en classe s'explique par l'utilisation de l'improvisation. Curieusement, mis à part Sawyer (2004) et Lobman (2005), aucun auteur ne semble considérer l'entraînement à l'improvisation comme un outil permettant d'apprendre à réagir face aux imprévus. Si Lobman (2005) démontre, en partie, qu'un entraînement à l'improvisation théâtrale peut avoir des incidences sur la gestion des interactions des enseignantes et des enseignants du préscolaire, aucune autre étude ne révèle les incidences que pourraient avoir les habiletés acquises dans un entraînement à l'improvisation sur la gestion des imprévus en classe chez des enseignantes et des enseignants du secondaire. C'est la raison pour laquelle cette recherche poursuit l'objectif d'expliciter la perception d'enseignantes et d'enseignants des composantes de leur entraînement à l'improvisation actives dans la gestion des imprévus en classe du secondaire. Pour atteindre cet objectif, une méthodologie qualitative est mise en oeuvre. Le cadre de collecte des données repose sur des entrevues semi-dirigées auprès d'enseignantes et d'enseignants ayant reçu ou non un entraînement à l'improvisation. La stratégie d'analyse utilisée s'inspire de l'analyse par théorisation ancrée de Paillé (1994) en empruntant les deux premières étapes de cette stratégie: la codification et la catégorisation. Par la suite, une schématisation préliminaire permet la mise en relation des composantes et alimente l'interprétation des résultats. Les résultats révèlent que la vigilance et la rapidité d'exécution interviennent directement dans le processus de gestion des imprévus en classe du secondaire et apparaissent comme étant exclusives aux enseignantes et enseignants ayant reçu un entraînement à l'improvisation. La discussion des résultats met non seulement en parallèle ces résultats avec les travaux de Tochon (1993b) et ceux de Yinger (1987) qui établissent un lien entre l'improvisation et la rapidité d'exécution, mais également avec les travaux de Nault (1998) sur l'hypersensitivité, concept inspiré du withitness de Kounin (1970) et des travaux de Doyle (1986) sur l'interactivité dans l'enseignement. De plus, un lien significatif est établi avec les études de Sawyer (2004) et Lobman (2005) au sujet du développement de la vigilance chez les sujets ayant reçu un entraînement à l'improvisation théâtrale. L'entraînement à l'improvisation offre d'intéressantes possibilités, notamment en ce qui a trait au développement de la compétence en gestion de classe chez les novices. Ainsi, en offrant des outils permettant à ces derniers d'atténuer le choc de la réalité à leurs débuts, ce moyen de formation pourrait contribuer, ultimement, à diminuer le taux d'abandon de la profession.