Noah Benevolent Society records, undated, 1852-1979.

Collection consists of several versions of the constitution; minute books of the membership meetings (1852-1856, 1868-1907, 1914-1971; until 1907 in German, afterwards in English); minute books of meetings of the trustees (1852-1858, 1876-1974, until 1912 in German); an index to and summary of the trustees minutes (1927-1944); several anniversary journals starting with the 50th, which was also "the first extant history of the Noah Benevolent Society"; membership books (1861-1892, 1930-1965, until 1892 in German; the books after 1930 contain detailed information concerning each member's age, occupation, family, military service, etc.); financial records (1862-1870, 1964-1967, 1972); quarterly accountant's reports (bound with the membership minutes); monthly financial and statistical reports of the Mordechai Federal Credit Union (March 1959-June 1960) established by the Society; lists and addresses of members; newsletters (1927-1979) and other material and photographs reflecting the Society's activities.

Aaron Lopez papers, undated, 1752-1794, 1846, 1852, 1953.

Contains approximately 6800 manuscripts arranged chronologically by year for years 1752-1794. Approximately 100 are letters received or written by Lopez, his partner and father-in-law, Jacob Rodriguez Rivera, members of his family and company, and commercial agents pertaining to business activities and sailing orders for the captains of various ships. Several also refer to personal matters and acquaintances, including a series of six letters from Silas Cooke of White Hall (Middletown), R.I., to Aaron Lopez, asking his aid in returning a run-away slave (1776). The great majority of the collection consists of account records, bills of sale, orders, shipping agreements, lists of sailors on the various ships, repair records and cargo invoices. Of particular interest are a receipt for payment of a half-year's subscription to the "tzedakah" of Congregation Nefutzei Israel, Newport (1755) and several documents that reveal Lopez as a supplier of kosher meat and other religious articles to people in various parts of the colonies, Surinam, and Jamaica. Also included in this group are copies of sailing lists, documents pertaining to Lopez's naturalization which shed light upon the status of a Jew applying for citizenship in Massachusetts and a check to Lopez from the United States government for a loan made during the Revolutionary War (1779).

A note on the Berry phase for systems having one degree of freedom

A one-dimensional arbitrary system with quantum Hamiltonian H(q, p) is shown to acquire the 'geometric' phase gamma (C)=(1/2) contour integral c(Podqo-qodpo) under adiabatic transport q to q+q+qo(t) and p to p+po(t) along a closed circuit C in the parameter space (qo(t), po(t)). The non-vanishing nature of this phase, despite only one degree of freedom (q), is due ultimately to the underlying non-Abelian Weyl group. A physical realisation in which this Berry phase results in a line spread is briefly discussed.

Berry phenolics: isolation, analysis, identification, and antioxidant properties

The main objectives in this thesis were to isolate and identify the phenolic compounds in wild (Sorbus aucuparia) and cultivated rowanberries, European cranberries (Vaccinium microcarpon), lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), and cloudberries (Rubus chamaemorus), as well as to investigate the antioxidant activity of phenolics occurring in berries in food oxidation models. In addition, the storage stability of cloudberry ellagitannin isolate was studied. In wild and cultivated rowanberries, the main phenolic compounds were chlorogenic acids and neochlorogenic acids with increasing anthocyanin content depending on the crossing partners. The proanthocyanidin contents of cranberries and lingonberries were investigated, revealing that the lingonberry contained more rare A-type dimers than the European cranberry. The liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of cloudberry ellagitannins showed that trimeric lambertianin C and sanguiin H-10 were the main ellagitannins. The berries, rich in different types of phenolic compounds including hydroxycinnamic acids, proanthocyanidins, and ellagitannins, showed antioxidant activity toward lipid oxidation in liposome and emulsion oxidation models. All the different rowanberry cultivars prevented lipid oxidation in the same way, in spite of the differences in their phenolic composition. In terms of liposomes, rowanberries were slightly more effective antioxidants than cranberry and lingonberry phenolics. Greater differences were found when comparing proanthocyanidin fractions. Proanthocyanidin dimers and trimers of both cranberries and lingonberries were most potent in inhibiting lipid oxidation. Antioxidant activities and antiradical capacities were also studied with hydroxycinnamic acid glycosides. The sinapic acid derivatives of the hydroxycinnamic acid glycosides were the most effective at preventing lipid oxidation in emulsions and liposomes and scavenging radicals in DPPH assay. In liposomes and emulsions, the formation of the secondary oxidation product, hexanal, was inhibited more than that of the primary oxidation product, conjugated diene hydroperoxides, by hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. This indicates that they are principally chain-breaking antioxidants rather than metal chelators, although they possess chelating activity as well. The storage stability test of cloudberry ellagitannins was performed by storing ellagitannin isolate and ellagitannins encapsulated with maltodextrin at different relative vapor pressures. The storage stability was enhanced by the encapsulation when higher molecular weight maltodextrin was used. The best preservation was achieved when the capsules were stored at 0 or 33% relative vapor pressures. In addition, the antioxidant activities of encapsulated cloudberry extracts were followed during the storage period. Different storage conditions did not alter the antioxidant activity, even though changes in the ellagitannin contents were seen. The current results may be of use in improving the oxidative stability of food products by using berries as natural antioxidants.

Some effects of tropical storm Agnes on water quality in the Patuxent River estuary

A post Agnes study emphasizing environmental factors...weekly sampling at eight stations from 28 June to August 30, 1972. Spatial and temporal changes in the distribution of many factors, e.g., salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), seston, particulate carbon and nitrogen, inorganic and organic fractions of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus, and chlorophyll a were studied and compared to earlier extensive records. Patterns shown by the present data were compared especially with a local heavy storm that occurred in the Patuxent drainage basin during July 1963. Some interesting correlations were observed in the data. (PDF has 39 pages.)

Some effects of Hurricane Agnes on water quality in the Patuxent River Estuary

A post-Agnes study that emphasized environmental factors was carried out on the Patuxent River estuary with weekly sampling at eight stations from 28 June t o 30 August 1972. Spatial and temporal changes in the distribution of many factors , e.g., salinity , dissolved oxygen, seston, particulate carbon and nitrogen, inorganic and organic fractions of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus, and chlorophyll a were studied and compared t o extensive earlier records. Patterns shown by the present data were compared especially with a local heavy storm that occurred in the Patuxent drainage basin during July 1969. Estimates were made of the amounts of material contributed via upland drainage. A first approximation indicated that 14.8 x l0 (3) metric tons of seston were contributed t o the head of the estuary between 21 and 24 June. (PDF contains 46 pages)

Collecção das Leis do Imperio do Brasil de 1852

Parte 1 - Atos do Poder Legislativo

As Recordações de Itália (1852-1853), de A. P. Lopes de Mendonça: uma obra política: edição e estudo crítico

António Pedro Lopes de Mendonça, escritor romântico de postura liberal radical, que fez da literatura seu meio de subsistência, produziu uma escrita que flertou com muitos gêneros, da crônica-folhetim ao romance porém sempre permeada pelo viés político. Defendeu o Romantismo como um movimento extraliterário que ajudou a impulsionar transformações cruciais na sociedade portuguesa e, filiado à política jacobina, foi um dos precursores dos ideais socialistas em Portugal. Fez oposição à Regeneração, por entender que os esforços deste governo eram insuficientes às necessidades do país, e soube reconhecer, posteriormente, as mudanças promovidas por ele, defendendo os regeneradores em comparação com os absolutistas. Foi considerado ultrarromântico por muitos autores, o que consideramos uma classificação reducionista, por não ter em conta um aspecto fulcral da obra deste autor: o objetivo de formar leitores críticos, o compromisso civilizacional, de conscientizar e de ser combativo às injustiças de sua época. Usou a ironia a seu favor, como uma arma de pensamento, para acomodar, nas entrelinhas de seus romances, suas críticas à sociedade que se apresentava. Tendo percorrido uma Itália ainda não unificada, na viagem que inspirou as Recordações de Itália, pôde perceber como a falta de unidade dos grupos revolucionários em torno de um mesmo ideal era empecilho à unificação daquele país e convocou, por meio de seu jornal Eco dos Operários, as classes menos favorecidas à busca por justiça social, dando espaço a textos dos próprios trabalhadores e incutindo neles a importância da soma de forças por uma causa única. Morreu como louco, certamente não por não aceitar e por não se adequar às hipocrisias e injustiças que lhe eram impostas por aquela sociedade

Estado e construção ferroviária: quinze anos decisivos para a economia brasileira, 1852-1867

Esta pesquisa procura ampliar e aprofundar o entendimento sobre a participação do Estado na construção ferroviária no século XIX. Com este objetivo, partimos da análise do processo histórico de formação do Estado brasileiro, de 1822 aos anos 1850, a fim de identificar configurações e traços culturais do sistema político no qual se inserem, como prioridade de governo, as políticas públicas e, em especial, o projeto ferroviário. Consideramos que as linhas básicas da política ferroviária, no Império, foram traçadas no período 1852-1867, durante a construção de seis ferrovias pioneiras. Detectamos, ainda, razoável correlação entre o traçado dos caminhos de ferro e os já conhecidos caminhos das minas, que conduziam a zonas onde se localizavam jazigos de pedras e metais preciosos, ferro, carvão, petróleo e outros recursos minerais. Observamos que a participação do Estado na construção ferroviária, no período, desenvolveu-se em duas frentes: como empresário responsável pela construção e gestão de malhas ferroviárias e como agente de regulação de empresas privadas, nacionais e estrangeiras, privilegiadas com longa lista de subvenções e incentivos, entre os quais se destaca a garantia de juro mínimo para os capitais investidos na construção de estradas de ferro.

A new distributional record of Zozymodes cavipes (Dana, 1852) (Crustacea; Decapoda) from the coastal waters of Pakistan

One male and one female of Zozymodes cavipes (Dana, 1852) have revently been collected from the rocky shores near Karachi; the species is widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific region. It is, however, being reported for the first time from the pakistani coast of the northern Arabian Sea and thus fills the gap in the known distribution of the species. The pakistani material is housed in the Marine Reference Collection Centre, University of Karachi. The specimens are briefly descibed below. Only restricted synonym is given.

Loschmidt echo and Berry phase of a quantum system coupled to an XY spin chain: Proximity to a quantum phase transition

We study the Loschmidt echo (LE) of a coupled system consisting of a central spin and its surrounding environment described by a general XY spin-chain model. The quantum dynamics of the LE is shown to be remarkably influenced by the quantum criticality of the spin chain. In particular, the decaying behavior of the LE is found to be controlled by the anisotropy parameter of the spin chain. Furthermore, we show that due to the coupling to the spin chain, the ground-state Berry phase for the central spin becomes nonanalytical and its derivative with respect to the magnetic parameter lambda in spin chain diverges along the critical line lambda=1, which suggests an alternative measurement of the quantum criticality of the spin chain.