Effect of age and breeding season on the developmental capacity of oocytes from unstimulated and follicle-stimulating hormone-stimulated rhesus monkeys

Effects of age and season on the developmental capacity of oocytes from unstimulated and FSH-stimulated rhesus monkeys were examined, Immature cumulus-oocyte complexes were matured in vitro in modified CMRL-1066 medium containing 20% bovine calf serum and

室温铁磁性Al2O3∶Mn的制备及性质

以Al2O3为衬底利用多能态离子注入法在离子注入设备上制备了一系列具有室温铁磁性的Al2O3

新疆主要林区多孔菌研究

新疆地区的多孔菌研究开始于邓叔群（1963），有51个多孔菌名称被报道过，但是这些报道都零星的分布于各种真菌志书和杂志中，而且先前报道的多孔菌很多是同物异名，也有一些标本的鉴定有疑问。本论文是首次对新疆的多孔菌展开系统研究。 通过对新疆喀纳斯自然保护区、天池自然保护区、西天山自然保护区、果子沟以及那拉提森林公园等新疆地区的主要林区进行考察采样，共采集多孔菌标本356号，用形态学和解剖学进行了分类学研究，共鉴定出3科、48属、100种，其中中国新记录种3种，新疆新记录种70个。本文对山梅花锐孔菌（Oxyporus philadelphi (Parmasto) Ryvarden）、桃泊氏孔菌（Postia persinica Niemelä & Y.C. Dai）和柳氏栓孔菌（Trametes ljubarskyi Pilát）三种中国新记录种的担子果形态和显微结构特征进行了详细的描述，并对其显微结构进行了绘图。 在鉴定结果的基础之上，对新疆主要林区多孔菌区系成分进行了初步的分析。结果表明新疆主要林区多孔菌的优势属为栓孔菌属，有8种（占总种数的8%），其次是薄孔菌属，有7种（占总种数的7%）。在属的区系成分上，新疆地区的多孔菌以广布成分为主（占58.3%），其次是北温带成分（占35.4%）；在种的区系成分上，以北温带成分（占49%）为主，其次是世界广布种成分（占24％），表明新疆主要林区的多孔菌的温带区系特征。 关键词：多孔菌，名录，分类学，区系

牵拉力对共培养的表皮干细胞及成纤维细胞迁移行为的影响

<正>背景:创面愈合是一个复杂的动态过程,是细胞之间、细胞与细胞外基质及细胞因子间相互影响和协同作用的结果。另外,大量相关研究表明机械应力可以诱导组织细胞增殖,促进创面愈合。因此创面愈合也是一个典型的力学-生物学耦合过程,但力学刺激促进创面愈合的细胞/分子的调控机制目前尚不清楚。皮肤由多种细胞组成,通过牵张皮肤等在体方法难以区分其中某类细胞对外界力学刺激的单独响应以及不

青杨(Populus cathayana Rehd.)雌雄植株对干旱胁迫的生理生态响应差异

随着全球气候变暖和温室效应加剧，干旱和荒漠化成为威胁人类生存和发展的主要 灾害，许多被子植物对干旱胁迫的生理、生态和生化响应已逐步得以报道，但很少有开 展干旱胁迫对雌雄异株植物的影响方面的研究。由于这类植物在长期进化过程中已经在 生长、性比、生殖格局、空间分布、资源配置和生物量分配等方面形成了明显的性别差 异，因此，干旱胁迫必将对其雌雄植株产生不同的生理生态影响。本研究以青杨为模式 植物，采用植物生态、生理及生物化学等研究方法，系统研究青杨雌雄植株在常温、增 温以及喷施外源脱落酸的条件下对干旱胁迫的响应，揭示其在生长形态、生物量分配、 光合作用、用水效率和生理生化等方面的性别间差异。主要研究结果如下： 1. 青杨雌雄植株对干旱胁迫的综合响应。 与较好水分条件相比，干旱胁迫显著降低了青杨雌雄植株的光合作用和生长发育， 影响了许多生理生化过程，并导致雌雄植株在生长发育、气体交换、用水效率、膜脂抗 氧化和抗氧化系统酶活性方面表现出显著的性别间差异。在较好水分条件下，雌雄植株 之间在株高、基径、生物量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、用水效率以及丙二醛、脱落酸和 游离脯氨酸等生化物质含量方面均无显著差异。但在干旱胁迫下，雄株在生长发育、气 体交换、水分利用效率、膜脂过氧化保护和抗氧化系统酶活性方面均显著高于雌株，表 现出比雌株更高的株高、基径、叶面积、总叶片数、总生物量、总色素含量、类胡萝卜 素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、羧化效率、光系统II最大光化学效率、内在水分利用 效率、碳同位素组分、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性等，而在CO2补偿点、比叶面积、 叶绿素a/b、丙二醛、脱落酸和超氧化物歧化酶活性等指标上显著低于雌株。与雌株相比， 雄株表现出更高的干旱胁迫适应能力，而雌株的生长发育和生理生化过程更易遭受干旱 胁迫的影响。 2. 干旱胁迫下的青杨雌雄植株对增温处理的综合响应 与环境温度相比，增温在干旱胁迫前后均显著促进了雌雄植株的生长发育、气体交 换，降低水分利用效率，影响生化物质含量，并促使青杨雌雄植株之间在干旱胁迫下表 现出显著的差异。在较好水分条件下，增温导致雌株的株高、基径、叶面积、总叶片数、 总生物量和超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于雄株，而用水效率、丙二醛、脱落酸和游离脯 氨酸、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和过氧化物酶活性低于雄株。在干旱胁迫下，增温将导致雄 株的株高、基径、叶面积、总生物量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、总色素含量、 相对含水量、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性等显著高于雌株，而光系统II 最大 光化学效率、内在水分利用效率、碳同位素组分、丙二醛、脱落酸、游离脯氨酸和超氧 化物歧化酶活性显著低于雌株。与雄株相比，水分较好条件下的增温有利于促进雌株的 生长发育，并在生理生态特征上优于雄株。而干旱胁迫下的增温则加剧了水分胁迫强度， 致使雌株的生长发育遭受比雄株更多的负面影响。 3. 干旱胁迫下的青杨雌雄植株对喷施外源脱落酸处理的综合响应 与对照相比，在干旱胁迫下喷施外源脱落酸可显著增加青杨雌雄植株的生长发育、 气体交换、降低水分利用效率，影响了生化物质含量，并导致青杨雌雄植株之间在干旱 胁迫下表现出显著的生理生态差异。在干旱胁迫下，喷施外源脱落酸致使雌株的株高、 叶面积、叶干重、细根干重、总生物量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、光系统II 最大光化学效率、非光化学淬灭系数、相对含水量、总光合色素、类胡萝卜素、脱落酸、 超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性的增加量显著高于雄株，而根重比、根冠比、细根/ 总根、比叶面积、内在水分利用效率、碳同位素组分、丙二醛、脯氨酸、过氧化氢酶和 抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性等指标的减少量上显著低于雄株。与对照相比，干旱胁迫下的 喷施外源脱落酸则一定程度能减缓植株遭受胁迫的压力，促进植株生长和气体交换，减 少了植株体内的过剩自由基数量，并促使雌株的生长发育和光合能力显著提高，增强其 抗干旱胁迫能力。 With development of global warming and greenhouse effect, drought and desertification have been became main natural disasteres in resent years. Studies on ecophysiological responses of most angiosperm species to environmental stress have been reported, but little is known about dioecious plant responses to drought stress. Since significant differences on growth, survival, reproductive patterns, spatial distribution, as well as resource allocation between males and females of dioecious plant have been formed during evolutionary process, sexual different ecophysiological responses should be caused by drought stress. In this experiment, Populus cathayana Rehd. was used as model plant to study the sex-related responses to drought by using the ecological, physiological and biochemical methods under normal atmospheric temperature, elevated temperatures and exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) application treatment respectively, and to expose the sexual differences in growth, biomass allocation, photosynthesis, water use efficiency and some biochemical material contents in the males and females of dioecious plant. The results are follows: 1. A large set of parallel responses of males and females of P. cathayana to drought stress Compared with well-watered treatment, drought significantly decreased growth and photosynthesis of P. cathayana individuals, affected some physiological and biochemical processes, and induced males and females to exhibit obvious sexual differences in growth, gas exchange, water use efficiency, lipid peroxidation protection and antioxidant defenses enzyme system. Under well-watered treatment, there were no significant sexual differences in height growth (HG), basal diameter (BD), dry matter accumulation (DMA), net photosynthesis rate (A), transpiration (E), water use efficiency (WUE), and malondialdehyde (MDA), abscisic acid (ABA) and praline (Pro). However, under drought stress, males were found to exhibit higher HG, BD, leaf area (LA), total leaf number (TLA), DMA, total chlorophyll contents (TC), carotenoids content (Caro), A, E, carboxylation efficiency (CE), the maximum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE ), carbon isotope composition (δ13C), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and lower CO2 compensation point (Γ), specific leaf area (SLA), chlorophyll a/b ratio (Chla/Chlb), MDA, ABA and superoxide dismutase (SOD) than females. The results suggest that males possess greater drought resistance than do females and females suffer more negative effect on growth and development, physiological and biochemical processes than males under drought stress. 2. A large set of parallel responses of drought-stressed males and females of P. cathayana to elevated temperatures Compared with environmental temperature, elevated temperature treatment significant increased growth and gas exchange, decreased water use efficiency, changed some biochemical material contents of P. cathayana individuals, and induced males and females to exhibit obvious differences under drought stress. Under good water condition, elevated temperature treatment caused females to show significant higher HG, BD, LA, TLN, DMA, SOD activity, and great lower WUE, MDA, ABA, Pro, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and POD than do males. On contrary, under drought condition, elevated temperature treatment induced males to exhibit higher HG, BD, LA, DMA, A, E, stomatal conductance (gs), relative water content (RWC), CAT, APX activity but lower Fv/Fm, WUE, δ13C, MDA, ABA, Pro, SOD activity than do females. The results suggest that females will benefit from elevating temperature under good water condition by possessing better ecophysiological processes than that of males, but will suffer from greater negative effects than do males when grown under drought stress with elevated temperature treatment. 3. A large set of parallel responses of drought-stressed males and females of P. cathayana to exogenous ABA application Compared with controls, exogenous ABA application under drought greatly increased growth and gas exchange, decreased water use efficiency, changed some biochemical material contents in P. cathayana individuals, and induced males and females to exhibit obvious sexual differences under drought. Under drought stress, exogenous ABA application induced females to exhibit more increases in HG, LA, leaf weight (LW), fine root weight (FRW), DMA, A, E, g, Fv/Fm, non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN), RWC, TC, Caro, ABA, SOD, POD s activity than males, but to show lower decreases in root/weight ratio (RWR), root mass/foliage area ratio (RF), fine root/total root ratio (FT), SLA, WUE, δ13C, MDA, Pro, CAT, APX than males. The results suggest that exogenous ABA application under drought stress will eliminate negative damages caused by drought stress at a certain extent，promote the growth and gas exchange of plant and decrease the number of superfluous 1O2 in plant cells of males and females of P. cathayana. Furthermore, exogenous ABA application promoted more drought resistance in females than in males by increasing more growth and photosynthetic capacity in females under drought stress.

新型分子增压泵的性能测试

本文详细介绍了新型分子增压泵的测试方法,对分子增压泵的极限真空、返油率、抽速及工作频率等性能进行了测试分析。测试结果表明,该泵可以在过渡流段替代罗茨泵来获得清洁真空系统。在兰州重离子加速器TR2终端真空差分系统前两级选用了新型分子增压泵,并根据测试结果确定其工作频率。最后给出了在TR2终端真空差分系统使用分子增压泵后的实验结果,表明该泵能够满足清洁、大流量差分真空系统的使用要求。

缓释肥料的研制及其缓效性评价

在模拟条件下通过筛选选择2种亲水性材料聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯酸钠,并用2种材料制造了6种包膜肥料SRF-A1、SRF-A2、SRF-A3、SRF-B1、SRF-B2、SRF-B3。并用水浸泡法和土柱淋溶法检验其缓效性,最后得出SRF-A3和SRF-B3在同种材料中具有较好的缓效性。

生态旅游标准建设研究

回顾了生态旅游产生的背景,简要叙述了生态旅游发展的三个阶段。从生态旅游发展及其影响、生态旅游标准缺失的后果以及生态旅游标准体系的作用等方面论述了生态旅游标准体系建设的必要性。对比了国内外生态旅游标准体系建设现状,提出了我国的生态旅游标准建设应加快专业队伍组建,标准多元化和国际化等工作。

Synthesis and gas permeability of novel fluorinated poly(phenylene-co-naphthalimide)s

A new class of high-performance polymers [poly(phenylene-co-naphthalimide)s] was prepared through the Ni(0) catalytic coupling of N-(4-chloro-2-trifluromethylphenyl)-5-chloro-1,8-naphthalimide and 2,5-dichlorobenzophenone. The resulting copolymers exhibited high molecular weights (high inherent viscosities) and a combination of desirable properties such as good solubility in dipolar aprotic solvents, film-forming capability, and mechanical properties. The glass-transition temperatures of the copolymers ranged from 320 to 403 degrees C and increased as the content of the naphthalimide moiety increased. Tough polymer films, obtained via casting from N-methylpyrrolidone solutions, had tensile strengths of 64-107 MPa and tensile moduli of 3.4-4.7 GPa. The gas permeability coefficients of the copolymers were measured for H-2, CO2, O-2, CH4, and N-2. They showed oxygen permeability coefficients and permeability selectivity of oxygen to nitrogen (permeability coefficient for O-2/permeability coefficient for N-2) in the ranges of 1.39-4.31 and 4.92-5.38 barrer, respectively.