La experiencia de los receptores en el trasplante de órganos y tejidos

El trasplante de órganos y/o tejidos es considerado como una opción terapéutica viable para el tratamiento tanto de enfermedades crónicas o en estadios terminales, como de afectaciones no vitales, pero que generen una disminución en la calidad de vida percibida por el paciente. Este procedimiento, de carácter multidimensional, está compuesto por 3 actores principales: el donante, el órgano/tejido, y el receptor. Si bien un porcentaje significativo de investigaciones y planes de intervención han girado en torno a la dimensión biológica del trasplante, y a la promoción de la donación; el interés por la experiencia psicosocial y la calidad de vida de los receptores en este proceso ha aumentado durante la última década. En relación con esto, la presente monografía se plantea como objetivo general la exploración de la experiencia y los significados construidos por los pacientes trasplantados, a través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre esta temática. Para ello, se plantearon unos objetivos específicos derivados del general, se seleccionaron términos o palabras claves por cada uno de estos, y se realizó una búsqueda en 5 bases de datos para revistas indexadas: Ebsco Host (Academic Search; y Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection); Proquest; Pubmed; y Science Direct. A partir de los resultados, se establece que si bien la vivencia de los receptores ha comenzado a ser investigada, aún es necesaria una mayor exploración sobre la experiencia de estos pacientes; exploración que carecería de objetivo si no se hiciera a través de las narrativas o testimonios de los mismos receptores

Involvement in environmental causes, does the joint effect between subjective income and the performance of the country matter?

Previous research has shown that richer people are more likely to engage in an environmentalcause. We extend it by considering the joint effect between subjective income and a set of macroeconomicvariables. For doing so, we employ the fifth wave of the World Values Survey (WVS).This study provides clear evidence that even when both factors matter, people´s attitudes cruciallydepend on the interaction effect. Hence, those measures that affect the characteristics of thecountry would also change the disposition to be involved.

Does uncertainty cause inertia in decision making? An experimental study of the role of regret aversion and indecisiveness

Previous research has shown that often there is clear inertia in individual decision making---that is, a tendency for decision makers to choose a status quo option. I conduct a laboratory experiment to investigate two potential determinants of inertia in uncertain environments: (i) regret aversion and (ii) ambiguity-driven indecisiveness. I use a between-subjects design with varying conditions to identify the effects of these two mechanisms on choice behavior. In each condition, participants choose between two simple real gambles, one of which is the status quo option. I find that inertia is quite large and that both mechanisms are equally important.

Risk, ambiguity, and diversification

Attitudes toward risk influence the decision to diversify among uncertain options. Yet, because in most situations the options are ambiguous, attitudes toward ambiguity may also play an important role. I conduct a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of ambiguity on the decision to diversify. I find that diversification is more prevalent and more persistent under ambiguity than under risk. Moreover, excess diversification under ambiguity is driven by participants who stick with a status quo gamble when diversification among gambles is not feasible. This behavioral pattern cannot be accommodated by major theories of choice under ambiguity.

The rasch approach to 'objective measurement' in the presence of subjective evaluation from judges. 'Aproximación al modelo de 'medición objetiva' de rasch en presentación de la evaluación subjetiva por jueces'.

Resumen tomado de la publicación. Monográfico titulado: economía de la educación

A comparison of physical measurements of pure-tones, third-octave bands of noise and third-octave bands of speech to subjective judgments of audibility threshold, MCL and UCL for three normally hearing listeners

This study investigates the relation between physical measurements of pure-tones, third-octave bands of noise and third-octave bands of speech and subjective judgments of auditory threshold, most-comfortable listening level (MCL) and uncomfortable-listening level (UCL) for three normally hearing listeners.

Effect of auditory processing on the preference of monaural amplification for adults with symmetrical hearing loss

The purpose of this project was to determine if subjects with symmetrical hearing loss who prefer a monaural hearing aid fit to a binaural hearing aid fit may demonstrate an auditory processing disorder causing them to experience binaural interference when fit binaurally.

Comparison of Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) results with subjective visual vertical (SVV) test in patients with and without vestibular dysfunction: effects of horizontal headshaking

The goal of the study was to identify what effect headshaking in the horizontal plane has on Computerized Dynamic Posturography results in normals and patients with unilateral vestibular dysfunction. Additionally, the results were compared to results of the dynamic subjective visual vertical test.

Subjective impressions of child cochlear-implant users: effects of conversational fluency, intelligibility, speech perception, and communication mode

This paper investigates the conversational fluency of young cochlear implant users. The study compares objective measures and subjective impressions of conversation fluency, relates how children’s communication skills influence both objective and subjective measures of conversational fluency, and compares the performance of children who use an oral mode with those who use a total communication mode in everyday conversation.

Subjective versus objective measures of daily listening environments

This study examined hearing impaired listeners’ subjective perceptions of listening environments through a listening questionnaire and compared these results to objective measures mimicked by the questionnaire in the datalogging device SAM (Sound Activity Meter). Results indicate audiologists should not rely on patient reports of “typical” listening environments for hearing aid selection as significant discrepancies were present between several of the subjective and objective measures.

Comparing cochlear implant users' and their partners' subjective assessment of verbal strategy use with objective assessment: does this change following psychosocial therapy?

This paper investigates the effectiveness of a group-based psychosocial rehabilitation program for cochlear implant patients and their frequent communication partners.

Comparing cochlear implant users' objective assessment with a subjective assessment of conversational interactions with unfamiliar speakers

This paper compares the objective and subjective assessments of cochlear implant users’ conversational interactions with unfamiliar speakers.

Subjective and objective measures of adult bimodal users' listening

Inconsistencies exist between traditional objective measures such as speech recognition and localization, and subjective reports of bimodal benefit. The purpose of this study was to expand the set of objective measures of bimodal benefit to include non-traditional listening tests, and to examine possible correlations between objective measures of auditory perception and subjective satisfaction reports.