O treino pliométrico na melhoria da capacidade de salto no âmbito das aulas de técnica de dança moderna no 3º ciclo da Escola de Dança Ana Mangericão

Relatório Final de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Dança, com vista à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ensino de Dança.

Alternativa ecológica en la evaluación del salto de longitud de atletas paralímpicos

Los Juegos Paralímpicos constituyen el máximo exponente a nivel mundial del deporte de competición practicado por personas con discapacidad. En este trabajo exponemos la investigación realizada en los Juegos Paralímpicos de Londres 2012, analizando las acciones de los atletas ciegos en el salto de longitud. Para la toma de datos se utilizaron 4 cámaras Exilim F1 (Casio, Japan), grabando 2 en alta velocidad (512x384 píxeles a 300 Hz) y 2 en alta definicón (1280x720 pixeles a 30 Hz), permitiendo no interferir en la competición. El tratamiento y extracción de datos cinemáticos de las imágenes se realizó con el programa Kinovea 0.8.15 (disponible en http://kinovea.org). Las variables analizadas en el último paso de la carrera de aproximación fueron: velocidad de paso, Vp (m/s); velocidad resultante, Vr (m/s); frecuencia de paso, Fp (Hz); longitud de paso, Lp (m); tiempo de contacto, Tc (s); tiempo de vuelo, Tv (s), tiempo de paso, Tp; altura del centro de masas, BCM h1(m); ángulo de batida, a1(º); y la duración de la batida, Tc0 (s). Se ha observado una influencia positiva en las variables Tc1, Tv1 y Vp1 y negativas en a1, Lp1, Tp1 y Tc0. Los resultados obtenidos han permitido identificar las variables determinantes del rendimiento en salto de longitud de atletas ciegos y comparar éstas con los ya existentes de deportistas sin discapacidad y de similar habilidad técnica. La metodología utilizada se ha mostrado fiable, válida y precisa, siendo de gran utilidad en los ámbitos competitivos por no interferir en el espacio deportivo.

Sara Rodríguez Simón: Investigación y Constelaciones Familiares. El salto cuántico en las relaciones de pareja en el s.XXI

Sara Rodríguez Simón: Investigación y Constelaciones Familiares. El salto cuántico en las relaciones de pareja en el s.XXI

Defining Īśvara: A New Perspective in the Hermeneutics of Classical Yoga

The mere presence of the term īśvara in Patañjali’s Yogasūtra has come to affect the meaning of both the path and the goal of Classical Yoga as well as the meaning of the term Yoga itself. The frequent translation of the term īśvara as God leads to the system of Classical Yoga to be labeled as theistic, particularly obscuring the interpretation of īśvarapraṇidhāna, a functional component of the system, as well as perpetuating a syncretic trend that has led to the popular understanding of Yoga as ‘union with the divine’. From identifying problematic hermeneutical trends and their underlying causes, as well as understanding the term within the constraints of the original text in its original Sanskrit, the term īśvara emerges as the archetype of an ultimate reality functioning as a practical and experiential tool providing the yogi with a direct glimpse of its true nature.

Efectos de 8 semanas de entrenamiento pliométrico y entrenamiento resistido mediante trineo en el rendimiento de salto vertical y esprint en futbolistas amateurs

El presente estudio analizó los efectos de un entrenamiento pliométrico y de un entrenamiento resistido mediante arrastres de trineo de 8 semanas de duración sobre el rendimiento en pruebas de salto vertical (SJ y CMJ) y velocidad en esprint de 30 metros (tiempo parcial en 10m) en futbolistas amateurs. El estudio incluyó dos grupos experimentales que realizaron uno de los dos métodos de entrenamiento y un grupo de control. Participaron en el diseño final 26 jugadores de futbol con una media de edad de 21,38 ± 2,53 años, una altura media de 177,22 ± 6,19 cm y una media de peso corporal de 78,78 ± 12,13 kg. El programa de entrenamiento constaba de dos días de entrenamiento para los grupos de pliometría y entrenamiento resistido respectivamente, que realizaron durante 8 semanas consecutivas con una carga diferente entre las 4 primeras semanas y las 4 últimas aumentando el peso en el trineo de arrastre y la altura y distancia entre vallas. El análisis estadístico no muestra diferencias significativas entre grupos después de las 8 semanas de entrenamiento, sin embargo, en el análisis descriptivo si se aprecian cambios positivos a nivel de rendimiento tanto en salto vertical como en el esprint.

Att vara kommunikativt låst : Professionellas berättande om (vanskliga) vårdrelationer

The aim of the article is to shed light on the social dynamic that characterizes communicative breakdowns. As a first stage, this has been explored through individual and group interviews with 34 healthcare professionals about situations where they claim there has been a communication breakdown. Based on the professionals’ testimonies, the research question was: how do professionals illustrate their experiences of communicative breakdowns? In terms of theory, the study draws upon an integrated approach to language and social interaction dynamics – for example how actors mediate positions and roles, but also present, negotiate and determine the course of action in patient cases. Findings show: (1) different degrees of severity in communicative breakdowns, and (2) that the professionals have developed and use both explicit and implicit strategies to handle ”delicate relationships” in this kind of interactions.

Percentiles de salto con contramovimiento en escolares de Bogotá, Colombia: Estudio FUPRECOL

Objetivo: Determinar la distribución por percentiles de salto con contramovimiento (CMJ) en una población escolar de Bogotá, Colombia, perteneciente al estudio Fuprecol. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado entre 2846 niños y 2754 adolescentes, entre 9 a 17 años de edad, pertenecientes a 18 instituciones educativas oficiales de Bogotá, Colombia. Se evaluó el CMJ, de acuerdo, con lo establecido por la batería de condición física, Fuprecol. Se calcularon, los percentiles (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 y P97), y curvas centiles por el método LMS, según su sexo y edad. Se realizó una comparación entre los valores de la CMJ observados con estándares internacionales. Resultados: La muestra estuvo constituida por 5.600 niños y adolescentes entre 9 y 17 años; el promedio de edad fue 12,6 ± 2,4 años. En el CMJ, los valores altos, los obtuvieron los niños, franja en la que la media osciló entre 25,1 cm a los 9 años, y 38,6 cm a los 17; para las niñas, la media fluctuó entre 23,2 cm a los 9 años, y 28,6 a los 17; en ambos sexos esos valores aumentan proporcional a la edad. Conclusiones: Se registran percentiles del CMJ de acuerdo con la edad y el sexo, que podrán ser usados como referencia en la evaluación del salto vertical desde edades tempranas.

EL IMPACTO HUMANO SOBRE LAS POBLACIONES DE TRUCHAS EN LOS RÍOS DE VARA BLANCA DE HEREDIA

Este estudio es el proyecto de una investigación sobre el impacto del uso y manejo de la tierra en la región de Vara Blanca referente a las poblaciones de truchas en los ríos. Fue cumplido a través de entrevistas con 54 habitantes de la región y cuestionarios de 31 pescadores del área de San José, las cuales muestran su actitud y sus conocimientos sobre las leyes. Como una parte del estudio se analizaron las políticas relacionadas con el Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería en los departamentos de Acuacultura, de Vida Silvestre y de Reservas Forestales, estos dos últimos de la Dirección General Forestal. La situación actual del manejo sobre los ríos que tienen truchas, muestra una deficiencia en ciertos aspectos; sobre la divulgación de leyes hacia la gente del campo, información técnica para promulgar leyes, y educación de la guardia rural encargada de hacer cumplir las leyes de pesca. Un análisis de las aguas en relación con la temperatura, oxígeno disuelto, dióxido de carbono y acidez muestra que las aguas en los ríos tenían una calidad adecuada durante marzo y abril de 1984. Además, una observación de la condición de la tierra a lo largo de los ríos fue cumplida y los resultados demostraron una carencia de un uso apropiado de la tierra, que se debe a la falta de conocimiento o desinterés por parte de los pobladores del área para mantener la producción de truchas en los ríos

Prognostic and therapeutic relevance of FLIP and procaspase-8 overexpression in non-small cell lung cancer

Non-small cell lung carcinoma remains by far the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Overexpression of FLIP, which blocks the extrinsic apoptotic pathway by inhibiting caspase-8 activation, has been identified in various cancers. We investigated FLIP and procaspase-8 expression in NSCLC and the effect of HDAC inhibitors on FLIP expression, activation of caspase-8 and drug resistance in NSCLC and normal lung cell line models. Immunohistochemical analysis of cytoplasmic and nuclear FLIP and procaspase-8 protein expression was carried out using a novel digital pathology approach. Both FLIP and procaspase-8 were found to be significantly overexpressed in tumours, and importantly, high cytoplasmic expression of FLIP significantly correlated with shorter overall survival. Treatment with HDAC inhibitors targeting HDAC1-3 downregulated FLIP expression predominantly via post-transcriptional mechanisms, and this resulted in death receptor- and caspase-8-dependent apoptosis in NSCLC cells, but not normal lung cells. In addition, HDAC inhibitors synergized with TRAIL and cisplatin in NSCLC cells in a FLIP- and caspase-8-dependent manner. Thus, FLIP and procaspase-8 are overexpressed in NSCLC, and high cytoplasmic FLIP expression is indicative of poor prognosis. Targeting high FLIP expression using HDAC1-3 selective inhibitors such as entinostat to exploit high procaspase-8 expression in NSCLC has promising therapeutic potential, particularly when used in combination with TRAIL receptor-targeted agents.

BRCA1 deficiency exacerbates estrogen-induced DNA damage and genomic instability

Germline mutations in BRCA1 predispose carriers to a high incidence of breast and ovarian cancers. BRCA1 functions to maintain genomic stability through critical roles in DNA repair, cell cycle arrest and transcriptional control. A major question has been why BRCA1 loss or mutation leads to tumors mainly in estrogen-regulated tissues, given that BRCA1 has essential functions in all cell types. Here we report that estrogen and estrogen metabolites can cause DNA double strand breaks (DSB) in estrogen receptor-α negative breast cells and that BRCA1 is required to repair these DSBs to prevent metabolite-induced genomic instability. We found that BRCA1 also regulates estrogen metabolism and metabolite-mediated DNA damage by repressing the transcription of estrogen-metabolising enzymes, such as CYP1A1, in breast cells. Lastly, we used a knock-in human cell model with a heterozygous BRCA1 pathogenic mutation to show how BRCA1 haploinsufficiency affects these processes. Our findings provide pivotal new insights into why BRCA1 mutation drives the formation of tumours in estrogen-regulated tissues, despite the general role of BRCA1 in DNA repair in all cell types.

Identification of a BRCA1-mRNA splicing complex required for efficient DNA repair and maintenance of genomic stability

Mutations within BRCA1 predispose carriers to a high risk of breast and ovarian cancers. BRCA1 functions to maintain genomic stability through the assembly of multiple protein complexes involved in DNA repair, cell-cycle arrest, and transcriptional regulation. Here, we report the identification of a DNA damage-induced BRCA1 protein complex containing BCLAF1 and other key components of the mRNA-splicing machinery. In response to DNA damage, this complex regulates pre-mRNA splicing of a number of genes involved in DNA damage signaling and repair, thereby promoting the stability of these transcripts/proteins. Further, we show that abrogation of this complex results in sensitivity to DNA damage, defective DNA repair, and genomic instability. Interestingly, mutations in a number of proteins found within this complex have been identified in numerous cancer types. These data suggest that regulation of splicing by the BRCA1-mRNA splicing complex plays an important role in the cellular response to DNA damage.

Aavan meren täällä puolen : Arkkityyppiset piirteet ja amerikkalaisvaikutteet suosituimmissa suomalaisissa molli-iskelmissä

What are the musical features that turn a song into a hit? The aim of this research is to explore the musical features of hit tunes by studying the 224 most popular Finnish evergreens from the 1930s to the 1990s. It is remarkable, that 80-90% of Finnish oldies are in a minor key, though parallel major keys have also been widely employed within single pieces through, for example, modulations. Furthermore, melodies are usually diatonic, staying mostly in the same key. Consequently, chromatically altered tones in the melody and short modulations in the bridge sections become more prominent. I have concentrated in particular on the melodic lines in order to find the most typical melodic formulas from the data. These analyzed melodic formulas play an important role, because they serve as leading phrases and punchlines in songs. Analysis has revealed three major melodic formulas, which most often appear in the melodic lines of hit tunes. All of these formulas share common thematic ground, because they originate from the triadic tonic chord. Because the tonic chord is the most conventional opening chord in the verse parts, it is logical that these formulas occur most often in verses. The strong dominance of these formulas is very much a result of the rhythmic flexibility they possess; for instance, they can be found in every musical style from waltz to foxtrot. Alongside the major formulas lies a miscellaneous group of other tonic-related melodic formulas. One group of melodic formulas consists of melodic quotations. These quotations appear in a different musical context, for instance in a harmonically altered form, and are therefore often difficult to recognize as such. Yet despite the contextual manipulation, the distinctive character of the cited melody usually remains the same. Composers have also made use of certain popular chord-progressions in order to create new but familiar-sounding melodies. The most important individual progression in this case is what is known as a "circle of fifths" and its shortened, prolonged and altered versions. Because that progression is harmonically strong, it is also a contrastive tool used especially in chorus parts and middle sections (AABA). I have also paid attention to ragtime and jazz influences, which can be found in harmony parts and certain melody notes, which extend, suspend or alter the accompaning chords. Other influences from jazz and ragtime in the Finnish evergreen are evident in the use of typical Tin Pan Alley popular song forms. The most important is the AABA form, which dominates over the data along with the verse/chorus-type popular song form. To briefly illustrate the main results, the basic concept of the hit tune can be traced back to Tin Pan Alley songs, whereas the major stylistic aspects, such as minor keys and musical styles, bear influences from Russian, Western European, and Finnish traditions.

Den framställande gesten : Om konstverkets presentation i den moderna konstutställningen

The Gesture of Exposure On the presentation of the work of art in the modern art exhibition The topic of this dissertation is the presentation of art works in the modern art exhibition as being the established and conventionalized form of art encounter. It investigates the possibility of a theorization of the art exhibition as a separate object for research, and attempts to examine the relationship between the art work and its presentation in a modern art exhibition. The study takes its point of departure in the area vaguely defined as exhibition studies, and in the lack of a general problematization of the analytical tools used for closer examination of the modern art exhibition. Another lacking aspect is a closer consideration of what happens to the work of art when it is exposed in an art exhibition. The aim of the dissertation is to find a set of concepts that can be used for further theorization The art exhibition is here treated, on the one hand, as an act of exposure, as a showing gesture. On the other hand, the art exhibition is seen as a spatiality, as a space that is produced in the act of showing. Both aspects are seen to be intimately involved in knowledge production. The dissertation is divided into four parts, in which different aspects of the art exhibition are analyzed using different theoretical approaches. The first part uses the archaeological model of Michel Foucault, and discusses the exhibition as a discursive formation based on communicative activity. The second part analyses the derived concepts of gesture and space. This leads to the proposition of three metaphorical spatialities the frame, the agora and the threshold which are seen as providing a possibility for a further extension of the theory of exhibitions. The third part extends the problematization of the relationship between the individual work of art and its exposure through the ideas of Walter Benjamin and Maurice Blanchot. The fourth part carries out a close reading of three presentations from the modern era in order to further examine the relationship between the work of art and its presentation, using the tools that have been developed during the study. In the concluding section, it is possible to see clearer borderlines and conditions for the development of an exhibition theory. The concepts that have been analysed and developed into tools are shown to be useful, and the examples take the discussion into a consideration of the altered premises for the encounter with the postmodern work of art.