Electric transmission of energy : and its transformation, subdivision, and distribution ; a practical handbook /

Mode of access: Internet.

Platon's Erziehungslehre, als Pädagogik für die Einzelnen und als Staatspädagogik, oder dessen praktische Philosophie, aus den Quellen dargestellt,

Mode of access: Internet.

Sylvae Cratyli sev Variae in varios scriptores veteres lvcvbrationes.

Mode of access: Internet.

Factorum dictorumque memorabilium libri novem.

Mode of access: Internet.

Die so nöthig als nützliche Buchdruckerkunst und Schriftgiesserei : mit ihren Schriften, Formaten und allen dazu gehörigen Instrumenten ... /

Facsimile reprint. Originally published: Leipzig : C.F. Gessner, 1740-1745.

Richard Wagners gesammelte Schriften;

A list of "Herausgeber und Mitarbeiter" at the beginning of each of the five volumes.

Versuche uber das Verhaltnis Kappa der spezifischen Warmen eines Gasgemisches.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universitat Marburg.

Global compilation of benthic data sets I

Approaches to quantify the organic carbon accumulation on a global scale generally do not consider the small-scale variability of sedimentary and oceanographic boundary conditions along continental margins. In this study, we present a new approach to regionalize the total organic carbon (TOC) content in surface sediments (<5 cm sediment depth). It is based on a compilation of more than 5500 single measurements from various sources. Global TOC distribution was determined by the application of a combined qualitative and quantitative-geostatistical method. Overall, 33 benthic TOC-based provinces were defined and used to process the global distribution pattern of the TOC content in surface sediments in a 1°x1° grid resolution. Regional dependencies of data points within each single province are expressed by modeled semi-variograms. Measured and estimated TOC values show good correlation, emphasizing the reasonable applicability of the method. The accumulation of organic carbon in marine surface sediments is a key parameter in the control of mineralization processes and the material exchange between the sediment and the ocean water. Our approach will help to improve global budgets of nutrient and carbon cycles.

Sedimentation rates and geochemical analysis of surface sediments from the South Atlantic

Extensive investigations of sedimentary barium were performed in the southern South Atlantic in order to assess the reliability of the barium signal in Antarctic sediments as a proxy for paleoproductivity. Maximum accumulation rates of excess barium were calculated for the Antarctic zone south of the polar front where silica accumulates at high rates. The correspondence between barium and opal supports the applicability of barium as a proxy for productivity. Within the Antarctic zone north of today's average sea ice maximum, interglacial vertical rain rates of excess barium are high, with a maximum occurring during the last deglaciation and early Holocene and during oxygen isotope chronozone 5.5. During these periods, the maximum silica accumulation was supposedly located south of the polar front. Glacial paleoproductivity, instead, was low within the Antarctic zone. North of the polar front, significantly higher barium accumulation occurs during glacial times. The vertical rain rates, however, are as high as in the glacial Antarctic zone. Therefore there was no evidence for an increased productivity in the glacial Southern Ocean.

Physical properties measured on sediment cores from high latitudes

This collection of 359 data sets represents raw data of physical properties measurements on Polarstern sediment cores from both polar oceans, sampled and measured between 1985 and 1995.

Estimation of sea surface temperature from sediment core PS1768-8

The quantitative diatom analysis of 218 surface sediment samples recovered in the Atlantic and western Indian sector of the Southern Ocean is used to define a base of reference data for paleotemperature estimations from diatom assemblages using the Imbrie and Kipp transfer function method. The criteria which justify the exclusion of samples and species out of the raw data set in order to define a reference database are outlined and discussed. Sensitivity tests with eight data sets were achieved evaluating the effects of overall dominance of single species, different methods of species abundance ranking, and no-analog conditions (e.g., Eucampia Antarctica) on the estimated paleotemperatures. The defined transfer functions were applied on a sediment core from the northern Antarctic zone. Overall dominance of Fragilariopsis kerguelensis in the diatom assemblages resulted in a close affinity between paleotemperature curve and relative abundance pattern of this species downcore. Logarithmic conversion of counting data applied with other ranking methods in order to compensate the dominance of F. kerguelensis revealed the best statistical results. A reliable diatom transfer function for future paleotemperature estimations is presented.

(Table I-II) Station details and isopoda abundance of samples taken during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XV/3 to the eastern Weddell Sea and King George Island

Abundance, diversity, and distribution of suprabenthic Isopoda caught from a water layer between 0.27 to 0.60 m above the seafloor were analysed. The samples were taken during the ANT XV/3 cruise on RV Polarstern by means of an epibenthic sledge along two transects in the southern Weddell Sea (Vestkapp and Halley Bay) and another one east of King George Island. At each of these three bathymetric transects, five to six stations were sampled between 200 and 2000 m. In total, 4258 specimens of isopods were sampled at 14 stations standardized to 1000 m2 hauls. 114 species were identified from 49 genera and 23 higher taxa (families and suborders) of Isopoda. Most of them belonged to the suborder Asellota. Dominant families are Munnopsididae (Eurycopinae, Ilyarachninae), Joeropsidae, Munnidae, Paramunnidae, Ischnomesidae and Desmosomatidae. No striking differences were found between areas (Vestkapp, Halley Bay, Kapp Norvegia, and Bransfield Strait). Overall isopod abundances were highest at the shallowest station; species richness was slightly higher above 1000 m depth.

Accumulation rates of bulk sediment and opal in surface sediments of the South Atlantic

A set of 114 samples from the sediment surface of the Atlantic, eastern Pacific and western Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean has been analyzed for 230Th and biogenic silica. Maps of opal content, Th-normalized mass flux, and Th-normalized biogenic opal flux into the sediment have been derived. Significant differences in sedimentation patterns between the regions can be detected. The mean bulk vertical fluxes integrated into the sediment in the open Southern Ocean are found in a narrow range from 2.9 g/m**2 yr (Eastern Weddell Gyre) to 15.8 g/m**2 yr (Indian sector), setting upper and lower limits to the vertically received fraction of open ocean sediments. The silica flux to sediments of the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean is found to be 4.2 ± 1.4 * 10**11 mol/yr, just one half of the last estimate. This adjustment represents 6% of the output term in the global marine silica budget.

Documentation and sedimentology of core PS1021-1 from the Antarctic continental margin off Kap Norvegia

Sedimentological analyses concerning ice rafted debris, grain size distribution, biogenous components, and clay mineral composition of four sediment cores from the Antarctic continental margin off Kapp Norvegia reveal a cyclical pattern of three different sediment facies. These are classified into warm and cold types representing warm and cold climatic periods and a short transition period from cold to warm events. The sedimentological parameters reflect the variations within the cryosphere and the hydrosphere, which are directly influenced by the climatic fluctuations. The unusually high content of carbonaceous planktonic and benthonic foraminifera in these polar sediments, as well as the interfingering of terrigeneous and biogeneous-rich sediments with increasing distance from the continent, might reflect the influence of the Weddell Sea Polynya and the oscillations of polynya, pack-ice and ice shelf extent during the late Pleistocene.

Concentrations of IPSO25 in surface sediments from coastal and near-coastal Antarctic locations

The presence of a di-unsaturated highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) lipid biomarker (diene II) in Southern Ocean sediments has previously been proposed as a proxy measure of palaeo Antarctic sea ice. Here we show that a source of diene II is the sympagic diatom Berkeleya adeliensis Medlin. Furthermore, the propensity for B. adeliensis to flourish in platelet ice is reflected by an offshore downward gradient in diene II concentration in >100 surface sediments from Antarctic coastal and near-coastal environments. Since platelet ice formation is strongly associated with super-cooled freshwater inflow, we further hypothesize that sedimentary diene II provides a potentially sensitive proxy indicator of landfast sea ice influenced by meltwater discharge from nearby glaciers and ice shelves, and re-examination of some previous diene II downcore records supports this hypothesis. The term IPSO25-Ice Proxy for the Southern Ocean with 25 carbon atoms-is proposed as a proxy name for diene II.