El sindicalismo público en el nuevo bloque de constitucionalidad

¿Cuáles son las compatibilidades e incompatibilidades del sindicalismo público con el nuevo orden jurídico constitucional y los tratados internacionales incluyendo los de derechos humanos, después de la Asamblea de Montecristi? Dividida en tres capítulos, esta tesis propone la respuesta a esta interrogante. El primero aborda una breve reconstrucción sociohistórica del sindicalismo público en el Ecuador desde el retorno a la democracia desde fines de la década de los setenta, pasando por la etapa neoliberal de flexibilización laboral en los noventa y la adecuación neoliberal de la Constitución en el período 1998-2007. El segundo capítulo examina el sindicalismo público en el nuevo bloque de constitucionalidad, para lo cual analiza qué es el bloque de constitucionalidad a la luz de casos como el colombiano y el venezolano, así como las normas internacionales. Finalmente, el tercer capítulo propone un análisis de los Mandatos Constituyentes 1, 2, 4 y 8 de la Asamblea de Montecristi de 2008, y ejemplifica la revisión de contratos colectivos, donde se ilustra un caso de aplicación del nuevo bloque de constitucionalidad.

Kipus: revista andina de letras. 28 (Reseñas)

Presenta las reseñas de los siguientes libros: MARIALUZ ALBUJA, La pendiente imposible, Quito, Ministerio de Cultura del Ecuador, 2008, 56 pp. -- PABLO PALACIO, Un hombre muerto a puntapiés / Débora, Buenos Aires, Final Abierto, 2009, 150 pp. -- IVÓN GORDON VAILAKIS Barro blasfemo, Madrid, Ediciones Torremozas, 2010, 88 pp. -- MARTHA CHÁVEZ, La memoria corre a mil, Quito, Ministerio de Cultura del Ecuador, 2008. -- RENÉ JURADO, Rimmel, Quito, Eskeletra, 2010. -- RAÚL SERRANO SÁNCHEZ, EDIT., Manuela Sáenz: el tiempo me justificará, Quito, Colección Memoria de la Patria, Ministerio de Educación, 2010, 388 pp. -- FELIPE GARCÍA QUINTERO, Mirar el aire, Bogotá, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2009.

La teatralidad mediática: cartografías del reality show Ecuador tiene talento

Los reality shows están de moda en la televisión ecuatoriana, la que puede ser explicada desde la repetición de estos programas. Este “boom” mediático evidencia que es los reality shows son una industria saludable, donde las estéticas del espectáculo, el entretenimiento y la repetición se han instaurado como los discursos a seguir, los que reflejan varias aristas sociales, así desde la economía se han constituido en pilares donde se asienta el negocio televisivo, la antropología y la sociología permite delinear miradas para ubicarnos en una esfera del vacío social, es decir, denuncian lo que hoy es la época del no pensar, del no reflexionar, y desde la comunicación sirven para pensar a la sociedad como un entrenado de sensibilidades, una marca distintiva de los tiempos contemporáneos. Pero más allá de esto, los reality reflejan un tiempo social de pérdida del sentido de la crítica, los concursos de “talentos” han remplazado a los programas educativos, a la comedia basada en la denuncia social, o al periodismo de investigación. Se premia al melodrama que se ha convertido en el centro de la producción mediática, la telenovela dejó el primer lugar en la producción de nuevos imaginarios sociales, hoy los reality han ocupado su puesto. “Ecuador Tiene Talento”, ha conjugado las categorías citadas, la utilización de la dramaturgia y el melodrama como un discurso “oficial” se han conjugado para la construcción del mejor espectáculo destinado a construir una fama efímera de los participante y de un “gancho” televisivo para los espectadores, que tienden a recrear las historias de los participantes como propias. La ecuación del triunfador constituye en la narración más dramática, que se enmarca en una idea de superación personal y familiar. Todo este entramado discursivo y estético funciona como un espejo desde donde la sociedad se refleja, y donde una abundancia informativa llena de simulación y simulacro se ha instaurado en la televisión ecuatoriana. El juego mediático en “Ecuador Tiene Talento” es la tragicomedia de la producción televisiva nacional, donde el cruce de palabras entre el jurado y los concursantes es lo llamativo a ver.

A study of the aroma of fried bacon and fried pork loin

Aroma compounds in the headspace volatiles of fried bacon and fried pork loin were identified. The concentrations of volatiles in bacon were much lower than those in pork loin, except for nitrogen compounds. It is likely that these differences were caused by the presence of nitrite in bacon. Characteristic aromas for fried bacon, described variously as bacon-, fried meat-, roast meat- and cooked meat-like, were found through olfactory testing. These aromas were not present in the pork loin samples. Compounds such as pyrazines, pyridines and furans are thought to be responsible for these meaty aromas. (C) 2004 Society of Chemical Industry.

Angiotensin II modulates CD40 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells

The signalling pathway CD40/CD40L (CD40 ligand) plays an important role in atherosclerotic plaque formation and rupture. AngII (angiotensin II), which induces oxidative stress and inflammation, is also implicated in the progression of atherosclerosis. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that AngII increases CD40/CD40L activity in vascular cells and that ROS (reactive oxygen species) are part of the signalling cascade that controls CD40/CD40L expression. Human CASMCs (coronary artery smooth muscle cells) in culture exposed to IL (interleukin)-1 beta or TNF-alpha (tumour necrosis factor-a) had increased superoxide generation and enhanced CD40 expression, detected by EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) and immunoblotting respectively. Both phenomena were abolished by previous incubation with membrane-permeant antioxidants or cell transfection with P22(phox) antisense. AngII (50-200 nmol/l) induced an early and sustained increase in CD40 mRNA and protein expression in CASMCs, which was blocked by treatment with antioxidants. Increased CD40 expression led to enhanced activity of the pathway, as AngII-treated cells stimulated with recombinant CD40L released higher amounts of IL-8 and had increased COX-2 (cyclo-oxygenase-2) expression. We conclude that AngII stimulation of vascular cells leads to a ROS-dependent increase in CD40/CD40L signalling pathway activity. This phenomenon may be an important mechanism modulating the arterial injury observed in atherosclerosis-related vasculopathy.

Os jurados "leigos" : uma antropologia do tribunal do júri

Nesse estudo busco apresentar uma perspectiva além da retórica “a favor” ou “contra” o Júri. A partir da minha pesquisa de campo no Foro de Porto Alegre, trabalho com a hipótese de que apesar de ser pautado como instrumento amplamente democrático e participativo, e que abra um espaço para o sentimento de justiça do leigo, o Tribunal do Júri é estruturado de tal forma a deixar relativamente pouco espaço a qualquer lógica que não seja a do sistema institucional legal. Desse modo, os jurados, que deveriam representar a perspectiva leiga, acabam reproduzindo e reforçando a lógica jurídica. Uma lógica que, por sinal, longe de pender pela absolvição, parece pesar contra o réu. Examino a hierarquia do campo jurídico, buscando, numa visão de dentro para fora, perceber qual a noção de justiça dos jurados e como o fato de existir jurados veteranos interfere no resultado dos julgamentos. Não se trata de encontrar um culpado pelo fato de a lógica do sistema se impor aos jurados leigos, posto que tal situação decorre mais da composição de forças que está presente no campo jurídico, do que da perpetuação na função de jurado. Entretanto, percebe-se que essa longevidade submete os leigos a uma super exposição à hierarquia vigente no Júri, favorecendo, nas palavras de Pierre Bourdieu, a “adesão dos profanos” à lógica jurídica.

Protein-Ion Binding Process on Finite Macromolecular Concentration. A Poisson-Boltzmann and Monte Carlo Study

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Effects of Antibacterial Agents on Dental Pulps of Monkeys Mechanically Exposed and Contaminated.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of antibacterial agents and mineral trioxide aggregate in the healing of bacterial contaminated primate pulps. Study Design: The experiment required four adult male primates (Cebus opella) with 48 teeth prepared with buccal penetrartions into the pulpal tissues. The preparations (Cebus opella) with 48 teeth prepared with buccal penetrations into the exposed to cotton pellets soaked in a bacterial mixture consisting of microorganisms normally found in human pulpal abscesses obtained from the Endodontic Clinic of UNESP. Following bacterial inoculation (30 minute exposure), the pulpal tissue was immediately treated with either sterile saline, Cipro HC Otic solution (12), diluted Buckley formecresol solution (12) or Otosporin otic solution (12) for 5 minutes. After removal of the pellet, hemostasis was obtained and a ZOE base applied to the DFC treated pulps and the non-treated controls (12). After hemostasis, the other exposed pulps were covered with mineral trioxide aggregate (ProRoot). The pulpal bases were all covered with a RMGI (Fuji II LC). The tissue samples were collected at one day, two days, one week and over four weeks (34 days). Results: Following perfusion fixation, the samples were demineralized, sectioned, stained and histologically graded. After histologic analysis, presence of neutrophilic infiltrate and areas of hemorrhage with hyperemia were observed . The depth of the neutrophilic infiltrate depended on the agent or material used. The pupal tissue treated with Otic suspensions demonstrated significantly less inflammation (Kruskal Wallis non parametric analysis, H=9.595 with 1 degree of freedom; P=0.0223) than the formocresol and control groups. The hard tissue bridges formed over the exposure sites were more organized in the MTA treatment groups than in the control and ZOE groups (Kruskal Wallis non parametric analysis, H=18.291 with 1 degree of freedom; P=0.0004). Conclusions: Otic suspensions and MTA are effective in treating bacterial infected pulps and stimulate the production of a hard tissue bridge over the site of the exposure.

Uso de la inmunohistoquímica como herramienta epidemiológica para el diagnóstico de rabia bovina a partir de casos no conclusivos

Objective. Identify the rabies virus in cases of nervous disease archived in the laboratory with diagnosis of nonspecific encephalitis. Materials and methods. Twelve samples of bovine brain suspected of rabies, were processed by indirect immunoperoxidase technique using polyclonal antibodies against the viral agent. Results. Was demonstrated the presence of viral antigens in three cases in the form of small aggregates in the cytoplasm of neurons, with a pattern of round or oval and a variable number of viral inclusion bodies. We discussed the importance of the results in Colombia, the usefulness of the technique in the difficult conditions for sending samples to the laboratory, plus the possible relationship of the negative cases with bovine herpesvirus 5. Conclusions. The use of immunohistochemical technique to demonstrate rabies virus antigens in formalin fixed bovines tissues can help in the construction of an epidemiological map of rabies disease in Colombia and may reduce the high under-diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system of cattle, reported in some regions.

Factors affecting somatic cell counts and their relations with milk and milk constituent yield in buffaloes

Data concerning daily milk yield (MY), percentage of milk fat (%F), protein (%P), lactose (%LT), and total solids (%TS), and somatic cell counts (SCC) for a herd of 222 Murrah buffalo reared in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, were collected monthly from 1997 to 2000 in order to study the factors affecting SCC and their relation to milk production and constituents during lactation. SCC decreased in the second month of lactation and increased thereafter, up to the ninth month of lactation. The interaction of month of lactation x order of calving was significant. Mean MY observed during the first month of lactation was 6.87 kg, which increased to 7.65 kg during the second month, and then decreased until the ninth month of lactation (3.83 kg). During the different months of lactation, %F, %P, %LT, and %TS ranged from 6.28 to 8.38%, 4.05 to 4.59%, 4.96 to 5.34%, and 16.94 to 18.55%, respectively. Calving year, calving order, and order of month of lactation significantly affected MY, %F, %P, %LT, and %TS. The regression coefficients of transformed SCC on MY and %LT were negative and significant during all months of lactation, showing that milk and lactose yield decreased with increased transformed SCC, causing losses to buffalo milk producers.

Adsorption of polyelectrolytes onto oppositely charged cylindrical macroions

In this work we investigate the adsorption of polyelectrolyte chains onto uniformly charged cylindrical macroions by means of the Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations and weighted histogram analysis method. Adopting a simplified model for macromolecules and treating the electrolytic solution in the Debye-Hückel level, conformational properties of the adsorbed chain, such as the radius of gyration and the thickness of the adsorbed layer, are provided as a function of ionic strength and macroion charge density. By analysis of the free energy profile as a function of the radius of gyration it was possible to identify first-order-like transitions between adsorbed and desorbed states and obtain a macroion charge density dependence of the critical ionic strength in good agreement with experiments. © 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.

Análisis de los procesos de descontaminación de la Refinería Estatal de Esmeraldas

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Política municipal para el control de la contaminación ambiental

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Análisis de los procesos de descontaminación de la Refinería Estatal Esmeraldas

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Cidades pequenas e indústria: contribuição para a análise da dinâmica econômica na região de Presidente Prudente-SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)