Characterization of rabies virus isolated from a colony of Eptesicus furinalis bats in Brazil

Some bat species have adapted to the expanding human population by acquiring the ability to roost in urban buildings, increasing the exposure risk for people and domestic animals, and consequently, the likelihood of transmitting rabies. Three dead bats were found in the yard of a house in an urban area of Jundiaí city in the state of São Paulo in southeast Brazil. Two of the three bats tested positive for rabies, using Fluorescent Antibody and Mouse Inoculation techniques. A large colony of Eptesicus furinalis was found in the house's attic, and of the 119 bats captured, four more tested positive for rabies. The objectives of this study were to report the rabies diagnosis, characterize the isolated virus antigenically and genetically, and study the epidemiology of the colony.

First occurrence of an autochthonous canine case of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi in the municipality of Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil

An autochthonous case of visceral leishmaniasis is reported in a dog (Canis familiaris) as an apparently natural infection in a non-endemic area. DNA obtained from spleen and liver samples produced the expected fragment in a Leishmania-specific rDNA-based nested-PCR assay. The PCR product, a 490 bp fragment, was sequenced and the nucleotide sequence was identical to that of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi. These results are surprising since no autochthonous human or canine cases of visceral leishmaniasis have ever been reported in this municipality. This case suggests that natural transmission of this disease is occurring in this area.

Nevos Recorrentes. Uma Revisão de 5 Anos

A persistência de uma lesão melanocítica, em local onde tenha sido previamente excisado um nevo melanocítico pode colocar, clínica e histologicamente, problemas no diagnóstico diferencial com melanoma, designado por alguns autores como ‘pseudomelanoma’. Neste estudo, os autores pretendem realizar uma análise comparativa entre os achados clínicos e histopatológicos das lesões melanocíticas primárias e dos nevos recorrentes. Procura-se também avaliar eventuais factores predisponentes para este fenómeno.

Mobilidade em contextos de baixa densidade demográfica: modelo de apoio à caracterização e operacionalização

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ecologia Humana e Problemas Sociais Contemporâneos

Facial nerve palsy associated with leptospirosis

This case report describes the findings of a 27-year-old black male from Bahia, Brazil, who developed facial palsy during the convalescence phase of leptospirosis. The patient recovered without neurological sequel. This work calls attention to a possible association between leptospirosis and facial palsy.

Formas graves de leptospirose: aspectos clínicos, demográficos e ambientais

São descritas as características de 1.016 pacientes internados com leptospirose no Hospital Couto Maia, Salvador, BA, entre 1993 e 1997. Aumento na precipitação pluviométrica mostrou relação com aumento do número de internamentos no mês subsequente. Sexo masculino correspondeu a 81,1% (824/1.016); a média da idade foi 35,7±15,4 anos. Quase 94% (778/829) dos 829 com informação sobre raça eram negros ou mulatos. Para idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, quase 93% não cursaram o segundo grau. A média do período de incubação foi estimado em 6,3±3,9 dias. A duração dos sintomas foi em média 6,1±2,4 dias. Episódios hemorrágicos corresponderam a 14,3% (145/1.016). A letalidade entre 1.009 pacientes não transferidos foi de 14,2% (143/1.009). Insuficiência renal foi a causa atribuída de morte em 76,2% (109/143). Os dados indicam que leptospirose é estreitamente relacionada com baixos níveis socioeconômicos e que aumento da precipitação pluviométrica precede surtos epidêmicos.

Arqueologia da Arquitetura – Contributo para o estudo da Sé de Lisboa

A presente dissertação pretende constituir contributo para o estudo do edifício da Sé de Lisboa, através da denominada Arqueologia da Arquitectura. Esta permitiu estudar as principais etapas da evolução construtiva daquele edifício, desde a sua fundação até à actualidade, tendo-se detectado, pelo menos, seis importantes fases de campanhas de obras. Assim, a primeira corresponde ao século XII e ao edifício primitivo do templo; a segunda aos finais do século XII e inícios do século XIII, a quando a anexação à fachada norte do Camarim do Patriarca; a terceira aos finais do século XIII e inícios do século XIV, a que corresponde a construção do claustro, Capela de São Bartolomeu, e à alteração da cabeceira da igreja; a quarta etapa concerne ao século XVII e à anexação da Sacristia à parede da fachada sul, construção da Capela do Santíssimo Sacramento e compartimento para arrumos na parede da fachada norte. Correspondente ao século XVIII a quinta fase, que representa as obras de restauro após terramoto de 1755, nomeadamente a recuperação da quase totalidade da torre sul. A sexta e última fase, representa as obras de recuperação dos inícios do século XX, especialmente, a dotação do edifício da Sé de Lisboa de merlões, vários pequenos restauros, abertura de janelas nas torres sul e norte, e janela ogival na parede sul da muralha do claustro.

Disclosing the caffeine dose to be administered that restores insulin sensitivity in prediabetes animal

The results discussed in this thesis originated the following communications in International and National congresses: Sacramento JF, Coelho JC, Melo BF, Guarino MP and Conde SV. (2014) Assessment of caffeine dose and time of administration required for resetting insulin sensitivity in high sucrose diet in rats. 50th Meeting of EASD (European Association for the study of Diabetes), 14-19 September, Vienna, Austria Coelho JC, Melo BF, Sacramento JF, Guarino MP and Conde SV (2014). Establishing the caffeine dose that chronically restores insulin sensitivity in animal model of prediabetes. Fundação Astrazeneca Innovate Competition, iMed conference 6.0®, 10-12 October, Lisboa, Portugal Also, during the last year I was involved in other ongoing projects that originated the following communications: Coelho JC, Melo BF, Sacramento JF, Ribeiro MJ, Guarino MP and Conde SV (2014). Are the effects of carotid sinus nerve resection on insulin sensitivity mediated by an increase in Glut4 expression in skeletal muscle?. XLIV Reunião Anual da Sociedade Portuguesa de Farmacologia, XXXII Reunião de Farmacologia Clínica e XIII Reunião de Toxicologia, 5-7 February, Coimbra, Portugal Sacramento JF, Rodrigues T, Coelho JC, Matafome P, Ribeiro MJ, Seiça RM, Guarino MP, Conde SV (2014). Elucidating the mechanism by which carotid sinus nerve resection restores insulin sensitivity in pre-diabetes animal models. International Society for Arterial Chemoreception (ISAC) XIX University of Leeds, 29th June - 3rd July, Leeds, United Kingdom

Cafeína e resistência à insulina: qual o papel da adenosina?

O seguinte prémio: - Prémio Hargreaves 2012, Guarino MP, Ribeiro MJ, Sacramento JF, Antunes DD, Conde SV, Chronic caffeine intake reverses age-induced insulin resistance in the rat: effects on skeletal muscle glut4 expression and AMPK activity, Sociedade Portuguesa de Diabetologia (SPD) e Jaba Recordati.

A solution for estimates in software development projects

The Corporate world is becoming more and more competitive. This leads organisations to adapt to this reality, by adopting more efficient processes, which result in a decrease in cost as well as an increase of product quality. One of these processes consists in making proposals to clients, which necessarily include a cost estimation of the project. This estimation is the main focus of this project. In particular, one of the goals is to evaluate which estimation models fit the Altran Portugal software factory the most, the organization where the fieldwork of this thesis will be carried out. There is no broad agreement about which is the type of estimation model more suitable to be used in software projects. Concerning contexts where there is plenty of objective information available to be used as input to an estimation model, model-based methods usually yield better results than the expert judgment. However, what happens more frequently is not having this volume and quality of information, which has a negative impact in the model-based methods performance, favouring the usage of expert judgement. In practice, most organisations use expert judgment, making themselves dependent on the expert. A common problem found is that the performance of the expert’s estimation depends on his previous experience with identical projects. This means that when new types of projects arrive, the estimation will have an unpredictable accuracy. Moreover, different experts will make different estimates, based on their individual experience. As a result, the company will not directly attain a continuous growing knowledge about how the estimate should be carried. Estimation models depend on the input information collected from previous projects, the size of the project database and the resources available. Altran currently does not store the input information from previous projects in a systematic way. It has a small project database and a team of experts. Our work is targeted to companies that operate in similar contexts. We start by gathering information from the organisation in order to identify which estimation approaches can be applied considering the organization’s context. A gap analysis is used to understand what type of information the company would have to collect so that other approaches would become available. Based on our assessment, in our opinion, expert judgment is the most adequate approach for Altran Portugal, in the current context. We analysed past development and evolution projects from Altran Portugal and assessed their estimates. This resulted in the identification of common estimation deviations, errors, and patterns, which lead to the proposal of metrics to help estimators produce estimates leveraging past projects quantitative and qualitative information in a convenient way. This dissertation aims to contribute to more realistic estimates, by identifying shortcomings in the current estimation process and supporting the self-improvement of the process, by gathering as much relevant information as possible from each finished project.

Class-I human leukocyte alleles in leprosy patients from Southern Brazil

INTRODUCTION: The present study was designed to investigate a possible role of HLA (histocompatibility leucocyte antigen) class-I alleles (HLA-A, -B, and -C) in leprosy patients from Southern Brazil. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-five patients with leprosy and 450 individuals for the control group were involved in this research. HLA genotyping was performed through PCR-SSO protocols (One Lambda, USA); the frequency of these alleles was calculated in each group by direct counting, and the frequencies were then compared. RESULTS: There was an association between HLA-A*11 (6.9% vs 4.1%, p=0.0345, OR=1.72, 95% CI=1.05-2.81), HLA-B*38 (2.7% vs. 1.1%, p=0.0402, OR=2.44, 95% CI=1.05-5.69), HLA-C*12 (9.4% vs. 5.4%, p=0.01, OR=1.82, 95% CI=1.17-2.82), and HLA-C*16 (3.1% vs. 6.5%, p=0.0124, OR=0.47, 95% CI=0.26-0.85) and leprosy per se. In addition, HLA-B*35, HLA-C*04, and HLA-C*07 frequencies were different between lepromatous (LL) and tuberculoid (TT) patients. However, after adjusting for the number of alleles compared, Pc values became nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS: Although our results do not support the previous findings that HLA class-I alleles play a role in leprosy pathogenesis, we suggest new studies because of the importance of the association between the HLA and KIR in the innate immune response to leprosy.

Experimental infection of the bat tick Carios fonsecai (Acari: Ixodidae) with the rabies virus

Introduction This study assessed the viability of the rabies virus in the argasid tick Carios fonsecai following experimental infection. Methods The mouse inoculation test (MIT), fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used. The rabies virus was administered to ticks via the intra-coelomic route, and the ticks were sacrificed at different time points. Results The inoculated ticks were negative for rabies according to the MIT. Ticks macerated with rabies virus were positive according to the MIT and FAT. All of the tick lots tested by PCR were positive. Conclusions The rabies virus became unviable shortly after its inoculation into tick bodies. Ticks are not likely to play an important role in the epidemiology of rabies.

Tissue expander complications in plastic surgery: a 10-year experience

INTRODUCTION: Tissue expanders have been of great value in plastic surgery. Tissue expansion was developed for a specific indication; however, within a very short time, the concept of tissue expansion found wide applicability. From 1990 to 1999, 315 expanders in 164 patients were utilized. A retrospective analysis of complications and prognostic factors for complications were done. METHODS: The indications for tissue expansion were burns (50%), trauma (32%), and sequelae of previous surgery (8.8%). The expanders were inserted most frequently in the scalp, trunk and neck. RESULTS: There were 22.2% of complications and the most common were expander exposure (50%), infection (24%) and bad function of the expander (12.8%). The present study revealed an increased rate of minor complications in the group of 0 to 10 years of age and an increased rate of major complications for face and neck expansions compared to trunk expansion. There were no increased complication rates for the other age and anatomic site groups, previous expansion, concomitant expansion and type of expander used. CONCLUSIONS: The outcomes from tissue expansion procedures done in our hospital are similar to those reported in the literature. Tissue expansion is a good and safe technique.

Singularities of the dynamical structure factors of the spin-1/2 XXX chain at finite magnetic field

We study the longitudinal and transverse spin dynamical structure factors of the spin-1/2 XXX chain at finite magnetic field h, focusing in particular on the singularities at excitation energies in the vicinity of the lower thresholds. While the static properties of the model can be studied within a Fermi-liquid like description in terms of pseudoparticles, our derivation of the dynamical properties relies on the introduction of a form of the ‘pseudofermion dynamical theory’ (PDT) of the 1D Hubbard model suitably modified for the spin-only XXX chain and other models with two pseudoparticle Fermi points. Specifically, we derive the exact momentum and spin-density dependences of the exponents ζτ(k) controlling the singularities for both the longitudinal  and transverse (τ = t) dynamical structure factors for the whole momentum range  , in the thermodynamic limit. This requires the numerical solution of the integral equations that define the phase shifts in these exponents expressions. We discuss the relation to neutron scattering and suggest new experiments on spin-chain compounds using a carefully oriented crystal to test our predictions.

Pseudofermion dynamical theory for the spin dynamical correlation functions of the half-filled 1D Hubbard model

A modified version of the metallic-phase pseudofermion dynamical theory (PDT) of the 1D Hubbard model is introduced for the spin dynamical correlation functions of the half-filled 1D Hubbard model Mott– Hubbard phase. The Mott–Hubbard insulator phase PDT is applied to the study of the model longitudinal and transverse spin dynamical structure factors at finite magnetic field h, focusing in particular on the sin- gularities at excitation energies in the vicinity of the lower thresholds. The relation of our theoretical results to both condensed-matter and ultra-cold atom systems is discussed.