Singularities of the dynamical structure factors of the spin-1/2 XXX chain at finite magnetic field

We study the longitudinal and transverse spin dynamical structure factors of the spin-1/2 XXX chain at finite magnetic field h, focusing in particular on the singularities at excitation energies in the vicinity of the lower thresholds. While the static properties of the model can be studied within a Fermi-liquid like description in terms of pseudoparticles, our derivation of the dynamical properties relies on the introduction of a form of the ‘pseudofermion dynamical theory’ (PDT) of the 1D Hubbard model suitably modified for the spin-only XXX chain and other models with two pseudoparticle Fermi points. Specifically, we derive the exact momentum and spin-density dependences of the exponents ζτ(k) controlling the singularities for both the longitudinal  and transverse (τ = t) dynamical structure factors for the whole momentum range  , in the thermodynamic limit. This requires the numerical solution of the integral equations that define the phase shifts in these exponents expressions. We discuss the relation to neutron scattering and suggest new experiments on spin-chain compounds using a carefully oriented crystal to test our predictions.

We thank AH Castro Neto and HQ Lin for illuminating discussions in the preliminary stages of this work and K Penc and T Prosen for recent discussions. JMPC and PDS thank the support by the Beijing CSRC and the FEDER through the COMPETE Program and the Portuguese FCT in the framework of the Strategic Projects PEST-C/FIS/UI0607/2013, PEst-OE/FIS/UI0091/2014, and UID/CTM/04540/2013. PDS acknowledges partial support from CNPq.