A questão da transparência fiscal dos códigos de conduta parlamentar : estudo comparado da África do Sul, Estados Unidos, Portugal, Reino Unido

Consultoria Legislativa - Área XIX - Ciência Política, Relações Internacionais.

Os crimes fiscais e o Refis : modos para diminuir a evasão fiscal

Consultoria Legislativa - Área III - Tributação, Direito Tributário.

Evolução conceitual e distinção entre cidadania político-eleitoral, cidadania fiscal e cidadania penal aos 16 anos

Consultoria Legislativa - Área I - Direito Constitucional, Eleitoral, Municipal, Direito Administrativo, Processo Legislativo e Poder Judiciário.

A Constituição de 1988 e o pacto federativo fiscal

Apresenta de forma sucinta a evolução recente do pacto federativo fiscal brasileiro. A Constituição de 1988 promoveu significativa descentralização de recursos, sem a preocupação de redistribuir, simultaneamente, os encargos executivos. Em resposta ao desequilíbrio fiscal que a Constituição lhe outorgou, a União lançou mão da criação e majoração de alíquotas de tributos não partilhados, sobretudo de contribuições sociais. Mais recentemente, em vista das severas restrições fiscais sofridas pelos governos subnacionais, a União tem-se valido de medidas paliativas, tais como a entrega de recursos a título de auxílio financeiro a Estados e Municípios e o incremento marginal na participação destes entes na arrecadação federal. Por tudo isso, as restrições fiscais tem-se colocado como sério entrave ao avanço nas discussões sobre reforma tributária.

Dados econômicos e política fiscal do setor mineral

Consultoria Legislativa - Área XII - Recursos Minerais, Hídricos e Energéticos.

Fiscal Policy and Economic Stability: Does PIGS stand for Procyclicality In Government Spending?

The Financial Crisis has hit particularly hard countries like Ireland or Spain. Procyclical fiscal policy has contributed to a boom-bust cycle that undermined fiscal positions and deepened current account deficits during the boom. We set up an RBC model of a small open economy, following Mendoza (1991), and introduce the effect of fiscal policy decisions that change over the cycle. We calibrate the model on data for Ireland, and simulate the effect of different spending policies in response to supply shocks. Procyclical fiscal policy distorts intertemporal allocation decisions. Temporary spending boosts in booms spur investment, and hence the need for external finance, and so generates very volatile cycles in investment and the current account. This economic instability is also harmful for the steady state level of output. Our model is able to replicate the relation between the degree of cyclicality of fiscal policy, and the volatility of consumption, investment and the current account observed in OECD countries.

O ajuste fiscal efetivado no decorrer do Plano Real e suas repercussões na autonomia federativa

Analisa em que medida a prioridade concedida ao ajuste fiscal, após a implantação do Plano Real (1994), interferiu no modelo federativo brasileiro ou diminuiu a autonomia federativa para Estados e Municípios. Discute se a centralização de poder decorrente de tal ajuste permite uma convivência com uma pluralidade política, própria do modelo federativo e o quanto essa subtração da capacidade econômica neutraliza a capacidade política e a autonomia das unidades subnacionais.

Relatório de gestão fiscal : estudo comparado de procedimentos de análise dos dados

Analisa os instrumentos de que dispõe os artigos 15 a 17 da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal no controle dos gastos públicos. Objetiva conhecer melhor a sistemática de conferência dos dados do Relatório de Gestão Fiscal - RGF, bem como do cumprimento das exigências dos artigos 16 e 17 da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal e aprimorar o trabalho executado no âmbito da Coordenação de Auditoria Contábil e Operacional da Secretaria de Controle Interno da Câmara dos Deputados.

The Comovement between Monetary and Fiscal Policy Instruments during the Post-War Period in the U.S.

This paper empirically studies the dynamic relationship between monetary and fiscal policies by analyzing the comovements between the Fed funds rate and the primary deficit/output ratio. Simple economic thinking establishes that a negative correlation between Fed rate and deficit arises whenever the two policy authorities share a common stabilization objective. However, when budget balancing concerns lead to a drastic deficit reduction the Fed may reduce the Fed rate in order to smooth the impact of fiscal policy, which results in a positive correlation between these two policy instruments. The empirical results show (i) a significant negative comovement between Fed rate and deficit and (ii) that deficit and output gap Granger-cause the Fed funds rate during the post-Volcker era, but the opposite is not true.

Optimal fiscal policy in a multisector model with minimum expenditure requirements

This paper investigates optimal fiscal policy in a static multisector model. A Ramsey type planner chooses tax rates on each good type as well as spending levels on each good type subject to an exogenous total expenditure constraint and requirements that some minimum amount of spending be undertaken in each sector. It is shown that optimal policy does not equally spend in each sector but instead results in one of the minimum expenditure constraints binding.

Should Fiscal Policy be different in a Non-Competitive Framework?

Published as an article in: Journal of Monetary Economics, 2003, vol. 50, issue 6, pages 1311-1331.

Optimal Fiscal Policy with Rationing in the Labor Market

Published as an article in: Topics in Macroeconomics, 2005, vol. 5, issue 1, article 17.

A educação para a cidadania fiscal : ações do Programa Nacional de Educação Fiscal - PNEF no ensino fundamental e médio

Objetiva identificar os fatores que dificultam o avanço das propostas de educação para a cidadania fiscal apresentadas pelo Programa Nacional de Educação Fiscal(PNEF) para o ensino fundamental e médio e as possíveis razões que explicam esses dificultadores.

Lengua y derecho a la educación en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco : reflexiones jurídicas sobre el tránsito hacia un nuevo modelo

The article analyzes the legal regime of Euskara in the education system of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country (capv). In the capv, the legislation recognizes the right to choose the language of study during the educational cycle. The students are separated into different classrooms based on their language preference. This system of separation (of language models) has made it possible to make great strides, although its implementation also suggests aspects which, from the perspective of a pluralistic Basque society on its way towards greater social, political and language integration, call for further reflection The general model for language planning in the capv was fashioned in the eighties as a model characterized by the guarantee of spaces of language freedom, and the educational system was charged with making the learning of the region’s autochthonous language more widespread. At this point, we already have a fair degree of evidence on which to base an analysis of the system of language models and we are in a position to conclude that perhaps the educational system was given too heavy a burden. Official studies on language performance of Basque schoolchildren show (in a way that is now fully verified) that not all the students who finish their mandatory period of schooling achieve the level of knowledge of Euskara required by the regulations. When faced with this reality, it becomes necessary for us to articulate some alternative to the current configuration of the system of language models, one that will make it possible in the future to have a Basque society that is linguistically more integrated, thereby avoiding having the knowledge or lack of knowledge of one of the official languages become a language barrier between two communities. Many sides have urged a reconsideration of the system of language models. The Basque Parliament itself has requested the Department of Education to design a new system. This article analyzes the legal foundations on which the current system is built and explores the potential avenues for legal cooperation that would make it possible to move towards a new system aimed at guaranteeing higher rates of bilingualism. The system would be sufficiently flexible so as to be able to respond to and accommodate the different sociolinguistic realities of the region.

Introducción. Derecho de la persona

Duración (en horas): Más de 50 horas. Destinatario: Estudiante y Docente