Dallo spreco alimentare alla creazione di capitale sociale. Definizione di strumenti metodologici per la valutazione dell'impatto sociale dei progetti di recupero alimentare

Ogni anno in Europa milioni di tonnellate di cibo vengono gettate via. Una stima pubblicata dalla Commissione europea afferma che, nei 27 Stati membri, 89 milioni di tonnellate di cibo, o di 179 kg pro capite, vengono scartati. Lo spreco si verifica lungo tutta la catena di agro alimentare; la riduzione dei rifiuti alimentari �� diventata una delle priorit�� dell'agenda europea. La ricerca si concentra su un caso studio, Last Minute Market, un progetto di recupero di sprechi alimentari. L'impatto di questo progetto dal punto di vista economico e ambientale �� gi�� stato calcolato. Quello che verr�� analizzato �� l'impatto di questa iniziativa sulla comunit�� e in particolare sul capitale sociale, definito come "l'insieme di norme e reti che consentono l'azione collettiva". Obiettivo del presente lavoro ��, quindi, quello di eseguire, attraverso la somministrazione di un questionario a diversi stakeholder del progetto, un���analisi confrontabile con quella del 2009 e di verificare a distanza di cinque anni, se l'iniziativa Last Minute Market abbia prodotto una crescita di capitale sociale nella comunit�� interessata da questa iniziativa. Per riassumere l���influenza del progetto sul capitale sociale in un indice sintetico, viene calcolato quello che verr�� chiamato indice di "affidabilit�� del progetto" (definito in statistica, la "capacit�� di un prodotto, un sistema o un servizio di fornire le prestazioni richieste, per un certo periodo di tempo in condizioni predeterminate").

Construction History in Spain: the Discipline's Foundation

In the past two decades the History of Construction has started to become an independent discipline. On one hand, the number of articles, theses and books that could be assigned to this field has grown exponentially. Furthermore, there have been numerous and remarkably successful Congresses: 12 National (Spain 8; France 2; United Kingdom 1; Germany 1) and 4 International Congresses (Madrid 2003, Cambridge 2006, Cottbus 2009, Paris 2012), see Table 1 below. However, the situation is far from that corresponding to an already recognized discipline, such as the History of Art or the History of Science. There are no University chairs and departments, and in the reference databases ���Construction History��� is not listed as a common descriptor. This is not surprising; it reflects the inertia of academia to accept new disciplines. In what follows we will discuss the current state of discipline in Spain. Previous articles have tackled the matter. We will try to avoid unnecessary repetitions and concentrate on: 1) The activities of the Spanish Society of Construction History; 2) Its consequences on teaching and research, taken as a case study the experience in the School of Architecture of Madrid, and 3) We will give a provisional List of dissertations on Construction History read in Spain in the last forty years. First, we will try to define with the least possible ambiguity its field and its objectives. The intention is not to enter into the actual debate on the "definition" of Construction History, but to expose, in as detached as possible way, the ideas behind the actions made.

MEM��RIA TELEVISIVA COMO PRODUTO CULTURAL: um estudo de caso das telenovelas no Canal Viva

This research is aimed at studying the television memory, recovered and built by a pay-TV channel, Canal Viva, and the telenovelas from TV Globo displayed by the channel concerned, in order to verify its characteristics as a cultural product and its place in the plot of mediation and social interactions. In order to do so, the following theoretical bases are established, relating them to the concept of memory: culture, identity, imagination, history of TV and the Brazilian telenovelas, television reception (with a focus on mediation) and nostalgia. For this purpose, the methodology, as built-up, is divided into two steps: first, a bibliographic research and then a case study, on which techniques of documentary analysis are applied, guided interviews with representatives from the channel and, finally, a focus group with assiduous viewers of the Canal Viva telenovelas. The goal of this research is to contribute to studies on communication related to television memory, thus affirming its importance in social interactions.

Eventos culturais para a recorda����o da marca: estudo do evento Tim Festival

Este estudo analisa o papel dos eventos culturais como um potente elemento socializador na estrat��gia da comunica����o da marca com o mercado. os principais objetivos s��o retratar o uso da comunica����o integrada de marketing como um diferencial sustent��vel, o marketing cultural frente ��s novas formas de comunica����o com o mercado, a contextualiza����o da marca e os eventos culturais como instrumento de branding. A metodologia desta pesquisa constitui-se em bibliografia, pesquisa documental, entrevistas e o estudo de caso da empresa Tim com o recorte Tim Festival edi����o 2005 em S��o Paulo. Dentre as conclus��es encontradas, confirmou-se que a propaganda tradicional vem perdendo espa��o para os eventos, mas ao mesmo tempo, por si s�� n��o se bastam, havendo a necessidade de atrel��-los a outras atividades promocionais. Verificou-se tamb��m que os eventos culturais comunicam a mensagem de forma envolvente e finalmente a considera����o sobre a rela����o gratificante do evento com a lembran��a de marca.(AU)

Juventude, juventudes: constru����o da pol��tica municipal para jovens de S��o Louren��o - MG

Essa disserta����o se prop��s a analisar o entendimento do conceito de juventude, ou melhor, juventudes, nos dias de hoje. Junto a essa busca, nos deparamos com o surgimento das pol��ticas p��blicas voltadas para essa parte da sociedade, finalmente entendida como uma popula����o complexa, plural, capaz e desejosa de ser protagonista da pr��pria hist��ria. Num olhar mais cuidadoso, questionamos como se caracteriza a pluralidade da juventude da cidade de S��o Louren��o (MG). Uma pol��tica municipal para jovens pode atender tal pluralidade? A constru����o de uma pol��tica municipal para jovens �� apropriada �� pluralidade da juventude? Para esta pesquisa, entendemos que a metodologia de estudo de caso, com car��ter explorat��rio, assim como a pesquisa autobiogr��fica seriam as mais adequadas para uma compreens��o complexa e profunda dessa realidade. A base te��rico-conceitual foi escolhida a partir dos estudos mais recentes relativos �� juventude. Te��ricos como Castro e Aquino est��o bem presentes neste trabalho, assim como Sposito, Abramo, Pais e Mar��as, no primeiro cap��tulo. No segundo cap��tulo, al��m da consistente contribui����o de Ninis e Giolito, recorreu-se a autores, documentos locais e publica����es eletr��nicas, bem como a pr��pria viv��ncia da autora na cidade. No terceiro cap��tulo, a trajet��ria pessoal da autora, seu trabalho como funcion��ria da Prefeitura Municipal e a disserta����o de mestrado se encontram. Como mostrou Gilberto Velho, mem��ria, projeto e identidade s��o significativos na vida pessoal e na possibilidade da transforma����o social.(AU)

Using system dynamics in a discrete-event simulation study of a manufacturing plant

Purpose - To provide an example of the use of system dynamics within the context of a discrete-event simulation study. Design/methodology/approach - A discrete-event simulation study of a production-planning facility in a gas cylinder-manufacturing plant is presented. The case study evidence incorporates questionnaire responses from sales managers involved in the order-scheduling process. Findings - As the project progressed it became clear that, although the discrete-event simulation would meet the objectives of the study in a technical sense, the organizational problem of "delivery performance" would not be solved by the discrete-event simulation study alone. The case shows how the qualitative outcomes of the discrete-event simulation study led to an analysis using the system dynamics technique. The system dynamics technique was able to model the decision-makers in the sales and production process and provide a deeper understanding of the performance of the system. Research limitations/implications - The case study describes a traditional discrete-event simulation study which incorporated an unplanned investigation using system dynamics. Further, case studies using a planned approach to showing consideration of organizational issues in discrete-event simulation studies are required. Then the role of both qualitative data in a discrete-event simulation study and the use of supplementary tools which incorporate organizational aspects may help generate a methodology for discrete-event simulation that incorporates human aspects and so improve its relevance for decision making. Practical implications - It is argued that system dynamics can provide a useful addition to the toolkit of the discrete-event simulation practitioner in helping them incorporate a human aspect in their analysis. Originality/value - Helps decision makers gain a broader perspective on the tools available to them by showing the use of system dynamics to supplement the use of discrete-event simulation. �� Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Greening operations: an investigation of environmental decision making

This PhD thesis belongs to three main knowledge domains: operations management, environmental management, and decision making. Having the automotive industry as the key sector, the investigation was undertaken aiming at deepening the understanding of environmental decision making processes in the operations function. The central research question for this thesis is ?Why and how do manufacturing companies take environmental decisions? This PhD research project used a case study research strategy supplemented by secondary data analysis and the testing and evaluation of a proposed systems thinking model for environmental decision making. Interviews and focus groups were the main methods for data collection. The findings of the thesis show that companies that want to be in the environmental leadership will need to take environmental decisions beyond manufacturing processes. Because the benefits (including financial gain) of non-manufacturing activities are not clear yet the decisions related to product design, supply chain and facilities are fully embedded with complexity, subjectivism, and intrinsic risk. Nevertheless, this is the challenge environmental leaders will face - they may enter in a paradoxical state of their decisions ��� where although the risk of going greener is high, the risk of not doing it is even higher.

Factors affecting end-user computing sophistication in small business

This thesis describes research on End-User Computing (EUC) in small business in an environment where no Information System (IS) support and expertise are available. The research aims to identify the factors that contribute to EUC Sophistication and understand the extent small firms are capable of developing their own applications. The intention is to assist small firms to adopt EUC, encourage better utilisation of their IT resources and gain the benefits associated with computerisation. The factors examined are derived inductively from previous studies where a model is developed to map these factors with the degree of sophistication associated with IT and EUC. This study attempts to combine the predictive power of quantitative research through surveys with the explanatory power of qualitative research through action-oriented case study. Following critical examination of the literature, a survey of IT Adoption and EUC was conducted. Instruments were then developed to measure EUC and IT Sophistication indexes based on sophistication constructs adapted from previous studies using data from the survey. This is followed by an in-depth action case study involving two small firms to investigate the EUC phenomenon in its real life context. The accumulated findings from these mixed research strategies are used to form the final model of EUC Sophistication in small business. Results of the study suggest both EUC Sophistication and the Presence of EUC in small business are affected by Management Support and Behaviour towards EUC. Additionally EUC Sophistication is also affected by the presence of an EUC Champion. Results are also consistent with respect to the independence between IT Sophistication and EUC Sophistication. The main research contributions include an accumulated knowledge of EUC in small business, the Model of EUC Sophistication, an instrument to measure EUC Sophistication Index for small firms, and a contribution to research methods in IS.

The effects of varying forms and degrees of government intervention upon the effective competitiveness of UK small businesses

This doctoral thesis responds to the need for greater understanding of small businesses and their inherent unique problem-types. Integral to the investigation is the theme that for governments to effectively influence small business, a sound understanding of the factors they are seeking to influence is essential. Moreover, the study, in its recognition of the many shortcomings in management research and, in particular that the research methods and approaches adopted often fail to give adequate understanding of issues under study, attempts to develop an innovative and creative research approach. The aim thus being to produce, not only advances in small business management knowledge from the standpoints of government policy makers and `lq recipient small business, but also insights into future potential research method for the continued development of that knowledge. The origins of the methodology lay in the non-acceptance of traditional philosophical positions in epistemology and ontology, with a philosophical standpoint of internal realism underpinning the research. Internal realism presents the basis for the potential co-existence of qualitative and quantitative research strategy and underlines the crucial contributory role of research method in provision of ultimate factual status of the assertions of research findings. The concept of epistemological bootstrapping is thus used to develop a `lq partial research framework to foothold case study research, thereby avoiding limitations of objectivism and brute inductivism. The major insights and issues highlighted by the `lq bootstrap, guide the researcher around the participant case studies. A novel attempt at contextualist (linked multi-level and processual) analysis was attempted in the major in-depth case study, with two further cases playing a support role and contributing to a balanced emphasis of empirical research within the context of time constraints inherent within part-time research.

A rule based model for the objective determination of the e-business requirements of a manufacturing organisation

The starting point of this research was the belief that manufacturing and similar industries need help with the concept of e-business, especially in assessing the relevance of possible e-business initiatives. The research hypotheses was that it should be possible to produce a systematic model that defines, at a useful level of detail, the probable e-business requirements of an organisation based on objective criteria with an accuracy of 85%-90%. This thesis describes the development and validation of such a model. A preliminary model was developed from a variety of sources, including a survey of current and planned e-business activity and representative examples of e-business material produced by e-business solution providers. The model was subject to a process of testing and refinement based on recursive case studies, with controls over the improving accuracy and stability of the model. Useful conclusions were also possible as to the relevance of e-business functions to the case study participants themselves. Techniques were evolved to synthesise the e-business requirements of an organisation and present them at a management summary level of detail. The results of applying these techniques to all the case studies used in this research were discussed. The conclusion of the research was that the case study methodology employed was successful. A model was achieved suitable for practical application in a manufacturing organisation requiring help with a requirements definition process.

Marketing pol��tico e m��dias sociais: as estrat��gias utilizadas no facebook e twitter de C��ssio Cunha Lima PSDB/PB, nas elei����es de 2014

This dissertation aims to analyze and understand the process and practices of political marketing strategies applied to social media facebook and twitter C��ssio Cunha Lima - PSDB candidate for governor of Para��ba, in the 2014 elections The work is divided into three parts . The first two chapters, both of theoretical nature, underlie the discussion about the use of the Internet as a campaign space and political marketing campaign as well as the different communication strategies and electoral marketing already presented in the literature. Following, is dedicated to a topic for the presentation of the methodology and subsequently makes the discussion of empirical data analysis. Finally, we present the conclusions. The analysis takes as its starting point the models Figueiredo et al. (1998) and Albuquerque (1999) to observe the traditional strategies and suggests the inclusion of typically recorded on the Internet strategies. The methodology used for the analysis was the qualitative and quantitative content from variables that we list different campaign strategies. In order to achieve the purpose of this research, we conducted a case study as an analytical object online campaign C��ssio Cunha Lima. The case study took place from the construction of a candidate's biographical and political profile, presented and discussed in the text. This research also made use of virtual ethnography. Therefore, were monitored social media facebook and twitter that political, with the help of image capture program - Greenshot by creating pre-defined categories of analysis, for example, calendar, prestige and support, negative campaign , engagement, among others. The period chosen for monitoring the candidate's official profiles was from 24 August to 28 October 2014, because it holds the pre, during and post-election where there was greater candidate drive level and his team marketing in social media selected for analysis. The results indicate that mobilization strategy (online and offline), merged with the promotion schedule, it is predominant in the social media Cassio. They also indicate that they do not show the failure of the campaign of the candidate in 2014.

Diversity and television in Argentina: the case of the Audiovisual Technology Hub Programme

This paper describes and analyses the Audiovisual Technology Hub Programme (Programa Polos Audiovisuales Tecnol��gicos - PPAT), which has been implemented in Argentina between 2010 and 2015 as part of the public policy of former administration of Cristina Fern��ndez de Kirchner. The main goal was to promote a television industry that reflects the cultural diversity of Argentina by dividing the national territory in nine into nine audiovisual technology hubs, where national public universities acted as centres that gathered a range of regional stakeholders. Considering the 18 TV seasons that were produced for television between 2013 and 2014, the text analyses the diversity of sources and genres / subgenres and its restricted marketing. The article closes with a brief set of conclusions about this initiative.

Organisaation sis��isess�� sosiaalisessa mediassa tapahtuvaan tiedon jakamiseen vaikuttavat tekij��t

Aineettoman p����oman, erityisesti tiedon, merkitykseen kiinnitet����n organisaatioissa entist�� enemm��n huomiota. Tiedon jakamisen hy��dyt ymm��rret����n ja siin�� hy��dynnet����n yh�� enemm��n teknologiaa. T��m��n tutkielman tavoitteena on selvitt����, mitk�� tekij��t vaikuttavat asiantuntijoiden tiedon jakamiseen organisaation sis��isess�� sosiaalisessa mediassa. Tutkimus on kvalitatiivinen tapaustutkimus, ja sen tavoitteisiin pyrit����n vastaamaan puolistrukturoitujen haastattelujen (12 kpl) avulla. Tutkimuksen kohdeorganisaatio on innovaatiorahoituskeskus Tekes. Tiedon jakamista sis��isess�� sosiaalisessa mediassa tutkittiin yksil��n n��k��kulmasta motivaatioon, kykyyn ja mahdollisuuteen perustuvaa MOA-mallia hy��dynt��en. Tutkimuksessa l��ydettiin sek�� motivaatioon, kykyyn ett�� mahdollisuuteen liittyvi�� tekij��it��, jotka vaikuttavat sis��isess�� sosiaalisessa mediassa tapahtuvaan tiedon jakamiseen. Motivaatioon liittyvist�� tekij��ist�� nousivat esiin erityisesti jaetun tiedon hy��ty asiantuntijan ty��ss�� sek�� aktiivisten sosiaalisen median k��ytt��jien m����r��, mahdollisuuteen liittyvist�� tekij��ist�� k��ytett��viss�� oleva aika sek�� tiedon ja tiedon jakamisen kanavien suuri m����r��.

IFRS 9 ���Financial instruments���: Anticipated effects of the standard change at Kesko Group

IFRS 9 Financial instruments presents the classification and measurement, the impairment and the hedge accounting requirements for accounting of financial instruments. The standard was set by the International Accounting Standards Board to replace IAS 39 Financial instruments: Recognition and Measurement on 1 January 2018. Hence, the long-criticized and complexly experienced requirements for accounting of financial instruments will undergo the most significant reform. This thesis addresses anticipated effects of IFRS 9, focusing on the challenges the new classification and measurement requirements bring forth in the case organization Kesko. This thesis was conducted as an action research, in which, a case study method was applied. The thesis was conducted with a twofold manner, which involved general analysis of IFRS 9 and further covered distinct ambitions related to the case organization. For the general part, empirical data was gathered by interviewing two IFRS experts from KPMG and PwC, while the interviews within the case organization constituted for the case study. Further, the literature on the IFRS 9 was such scant that the theoretical examination was merged with the IFRS experts��� quotations that also strived to contribute to the overall objective of reinforcing the body of research related to the subject. This thesis indicates that IFRS 9 will most fundamentally reform the impairment and the hedge accounting requirements of financial instruments. Regard to impairment, the changes are anticipated to increase the amount of loan-loss provisions, whereas the relaxed hedge accounting requirements are expected to encourage more companies to commence the application of hedge accounting. The thesis provides empirical support on that the term business model for managing financial assets, introduced in IFRS 9, is ably hard to comprehend and remains ambiguous. It goes on to argue that the most prominent issue in defining the business model for managing financial assets is the limits set in IFRS 9 for selling financial assets. In consideration of Kesko, this thesis finds that the key effects of IFRS 9 are anticipated to be the reshaping of the organization���s treasury policy and further examination of the possibility to apply hedge accounting for foreign exchange derivatives. What is more, the thesis presumes that complying the requirements of IFRS 9 Kesko will apply the hold to collect and sell model for managing financial assets in future.

Development of management accounting practices in energy operations in a forest industry Company

The aim of this master���s thesis was to map the management accounting processes and reporting of an internal service unit. The research was conducted in energy services in a forest industry company. Research questions and the results of the study are highly specific for the case unit although some generalizable features of management accounting in internal service units under shared services were searched. The research was carried out as a qualitative action research and a single case study. Internal benchmarking was used to find best practices from other units and to get a comprehensive understanding of the financial processes of the case company. Empirical data for the study was collected with participant observation, interviews of experts and by exploring internal company documents. A literature review was conducted to outline the subject and to support the study. Although the management accounting processes of the case unit were found to be on a good level, some improvement ideas were presented. Results of the research show that the needs of the customers are in the key role in the processes of an internal service unit. Management accounting and reporting need to support the company strategy and management decision-making. To evaluate the performance of the service unit both financial and non-financial measures are needed.