氧络铬卟啉配合物的合成结构及其氧化活性研究

本文选择不同配体（苯酚类和迭氮）通过Cr(III)(TPP)Cl (Al)的氧化还原取代，分别合成了四个新的铬（III）卟啉配合物，Cr(TPP)N_3P_Y(B_1), P-O_2NC_6H_4OCr(TPP)·THF (C1), P-CH_3OCoH_4OCr(TPP)·THF (D1), Cr(TPP)OC_6H_5·THF (E1)。通过元素分析，红外光谱、~1H NMR、ESR、MS和UV-Vis等分析、表征，确认了以上四种化合物。B1单晶进行了X－射线分析，得其晶体结构和分子结构，从而进一步证实了B1的组成。在CH_2Cl_2或C_6H_6中，氮气保护下，用PhIO直接氧化以上五种铬（III）卟啉配合物，合成并分离出了相应的高价氧络铬卟啉配合物，(PhI) O=Cr(▽)(TPP)Cl (A2), (PhI) O=Cr(▽)(TPP)N_3, (B2), P-O_2NC_6H_4O Cr(▽)(TPP) (1/2IPh) (C2), P-CH_3OC_6H_4O Cr(▽)(TPP) (1/2IPh) (D2), PhIO- Cr(IV)(TPP) (OC_6H_5)·P_Y (E2)。通过研究其元素组成，IR、UV－Vis、ESR、MS等分析，确定了以上五种化合物的组成。基中PhI和P_Y分子的位置尚无法确定。这两类高价氧络铬卟啉，是继右淑珍等第一次得到P450模型化合物的活性中间体－氧络铬（▽）四苯基卟啉对硝基苯甲酸配合物后，又一次得到的苯酸类和迭氮氧络铬卟啉配合物。不同的是，氧络铬（▽）卟啉配合物中都各有PhI分子，化合物E2是第一次得到的关键氧络铬（IV）卟啉配合物，类似于PhIO－Mn~(IV)(TPP)(P-H_2N C_6H_4 CO_2)。高价氧络铬卟啉配合物不稳定，室温下分解，暴露在空气中同时发生分解和还原。不过低温下比较稳定。在CH_2Cl_2或C_6H_6中，我们研究了上述五种氧络铬及Cr(TPP)ClPhIO对碳氢化合物和DNA碱基的氧化反应。不同摩尔比的PhIO-Cr(TPP)Cl对环已烷的氧化给出相同的产物，但转化率和产物分布不同。Al-PhIO和C_2-PhIO体内对碱基胞嘧啶，胸腺嘧啶，腺嘌呤的氧化反应呈阳性，氧化产物中都有尿素CO(NH_2)_2，其中胸腺嘧啶的氧化产物中含有CH_3CO-或CH_3CHOH。这说明氧络铬卟啉配合物能够氧化DNA碱基。氧络铬卟啉具有较高的氧化活性和立体选择性。比较不同轴向配体的氧络铬卟啉的氧化活性，其大小次序正好与其轴向配体的配位能力次序一致。这是由于轴向配体的给电子能力越强，通过中心离子铬向其周围转移的电荷就越多，导致氧络键的强度减弱，即其活性增加。上述研究结果表明，铬（III）卟啉配合物是P－450的较好的模型化合物，氧络铬卟啉配合物是其活性中间体。同时该研究结果支持了Groves等提出的定居卟啉配合物催化氧化机理。

对金属稀土金属有机配合物的合成、结构及催化性质研究

合成出三类18种双金属稀土金属有机配合物：第一类：Ln-Li双金属π－烯丙基稀土配合物－LiLn(π-C_3H_5)_4 nD(Ln=La、Tb, n=3; Ln=Y、Dy, n=2.5; Ln=Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd、Er, n=2; D=二氧六环）。第二类：Ln-Mg双金属π－烯丙基稀土配合物-(π-C_3H_5)_2CnCl_5Mg_2(tmed)_2 (Ln=Ce、Nd)和(π-C_4H_7)_2LnCl_5Mg_2(tmed)_2 (Ln=La、Ce、Nd; C_4H_7=i-C_4H_7)。第三类：Ln-Al双金属配合物－[(CF_3CO_2)_3LnHAlR_2·2THF]_2 (Ln=Y、Nd, R=i-Bu; Ln=Eu, R=Et)。用四园X－ray衍射仪在低温下测定了LiCe(π-C_3H_5)_4·4D、[(CF_3CO_2)_3YHAl(i-Bu)_2 2THF]_2、[(CF_3CO_2)_3NdHAl(i-Bu)_2 2THF]_2和[(CF_3CO_2)_3EuHAlEt_2·2THF]_2的晶体结构。对[(CF_3CO_2)_3YHAl(i-Bu)_2·2THF]_2和LiLn(π-C_3H_5)_4 nD类配合物进行了较详细的NMR研究。二维C－H相关NMR谱表明在[(CF_3CO_2)_3YHAl(i-Bu)_2·2THF]_2配合物中6个CF_3CO_2~-有2个羰基的C与H成键，该结果解释了Ln-Al双金属配合物中相应羰基的非平面结构现象。研究表明LiLn(π-CC_3H_5)_4·nD可催化异戊二烯和苯乙烯均聚合；不同配合物中均以Y配合物的活性为最高。(π-C_3H_5)_2CeCl_5Mg_2(tmed)_2对异戊二烯、丁二烯、苯乙烯以及甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）的聚合有较低的催化活性；(π-C_4H_7)_2LnCl_5Mg_2(tmed)_2也对苯乙烯和异戊二烯的聚合有一定的催化活性。分别以LiCe(π-C_3H_5)_4·4D和(π-C_3H_5)_2CeCl_5Mg_2(tmed)_2作为稀土配位催化剂的模型配合物，研究了其催化所得聚异戊二烯的端基结构。表明聚合物均具有烯丙基端基(-CH_2-CH=CH_2)。证明单体在Ce~(3+)和π－烯丙基之间发生了插入反应，聚合按π－烯丙基机理进行。该结果首次为稀土配位催化共轭双烯烃聚合的活性链端π－烯丙基机理提供了直接的实验证据。(π-C_3H_5)_2CeCl_5Mg_2(tmed)_2-Al(i-Bu)_3(Al/Ce(摩尔比)=4))体系对异戊二烯的聚合具有较高的催化活性，所得聚合物仍具有－CH_3-CH=CH_2端基，而没有i-Bu端基。该结果又一次为上述π-烯丙基机理提供了直接的实验证据。发现Ln(CF_3CO_2)_3-AlEt_3体系可催化THF开环聚合。首次实现稀土催化THF开环聚合。研究了Y(CF_3CO_2)_3-HAl(i-Bu)_2-ECH（环氧氯丙烷）体系催化THF开环聚合法性及聚合机理。讨论了各种聚合条件对该体系催化活性的影响。研究了[(CF_3Co_2)YHAl(i-Bu)_2·2THF]_2在ECH存在下催化THF聚合活性并认为该双金属配合物为Y(CF_3CO_2)_3-HAl(i-Bu)_2-ECH体系的活性体。[(CF_3CO_2)_3YHA(i-Bu)_2·2THF]_2和[(CF_3CO_2)_3EuHAlEt_2·2THF]_2均可催化ECH和MMA聚合，所得PMMA的间同(rr)含量可达76.5％。

叔丁基环戊二烯基稀土—碳σ键配合物的合成、结构及性能的研究

本文以叔丁基环戊二烯为配体，在合成前体双（叔丁基环戊二烯基）稀土氯化物的基础上，进一步合成了几种具有催化活性的双（叔丁基环戊二烯基）稀土-CH_3σ键配合物，并考察了它们对甲基丙烯酸酯类和丙烯腈的催化聚合性能，进而对所得聚合物进行了表征。1、无水氯化稀土与叔丁基环戊二烯基钠在四氢呋喃中按1:2（摩尔比）反应，产物经甲苯萃取处理得到中性非溶剂化的二聚体[(t-BuCp)_2LnCl]_2 (Ln=Pr, Gd, Er)配合物，并对其进行了元素分析，IR，~1H-NMR及X光单晶结构的表征，结构分析表明，它们均为含对称μ_2-Cl剂的二聚体。2、在合成了[(t-BuCp)_2LnCl]_2 (Ln=Nd, Gd, Er)的基础上，使其与LiCH_3 -Et_2O液在-78℃下反应，分离得到了具有催化性能的[(t-BuCp)_2LnCH_3]_2 (Ln=Nd, Gd, Er)配合物，产物经元素分析，IR，~1H-NMR的表征，并测得了[(t-BuCp)_2NdCH_3]_2的晶体结构。结构分析表明，该配合物属正交晶系，F_(222)空间群，两个Nd~(3+)离子通过对称的μ_2-CH_3连接起来。3、(t-BuCp)_2LnCl的四氢呋喃溶液与C_6H_5Li在-78℃下反应，试图得到(t-BuCp)_2NdC_6H_5(THF) 配合物，但却分离到一种歧化产物(t-BuCp)_3Nd(μ-Br)Li(THF)_3，该产物经元素分析，IR和X光结构的证实。4、(t-BuCp)_2ErCl的四氢呋喃溶液与t-C_4H_9Li在-78℃下反应，分离得到了β-H消除产物，稀土多核有机氢化物—{[(t-BuCp)_2ErH]_3H} {Li(THF)_4}，产物经元素分析，IR，~1H-NMR及X光单晶结构的证实。5、无水LaCl_3和茚基Na按1:3（摩尔比）加料反应，分离并结构鉴定了(C_9H_7)_3La，THF的组成。晶体属单斜晶系，P2_(1/0)空间群。6、系统地考察了[(t-BuCp)_2LnCH_3]_2 (Ln=Nd, Gd, Er)对甲基丙烯酸甲酯（乙酯、丁酯）的催化聚合活性，发现聚合活性与中心稀土离子几乎无关，但明显依赖于单体的性质，在我们所研究的条件下，其活性顺序是甲基丙烯酸甲酯> 甲基丙烯酸乙酯> 甲基丙烯酸丁酯。~(13)C-NMR和GPC对PMMA的研究表明，所得聚合物主要是间规立构的。分子量分布较窄。DSC热分析及广角X射线分析表明所得PMMA是部分结晶的。7、首次发现稀土有机配合物对丙烯腈的聚合反应性能，并考察了不同温度下[(t-BuCp)_2LnCH_3]_2 (Ln=Nd, Er)对丙烯腈的催化聚合活性，发现聚合活性与中心离子几乎无关，但明显依赖于聚合温度，对PAN序列结构分析表明，所得聚合物是无规的。

苯胺类共聚物的合成、结构与性能

本工作采用不同方法合成了一系苯胺类共聚物，并系统地研究了各种共聚物的结构和性能。揭示了以自由基阳离子聚合机理为基础的一类崭新的共聚反应的一些基本性质。采用化学氧化法使苯胺与邻早苯胺或邻甲氧基苯胺进行共聚反应通过THF/CHCl_3两步分离法获得了不同组成、不同分子量的一系列共聚物。通过研究取代基与分子量对溶解性的影响，证实共聚增溶作用最主要的是由于在分子主链上引入了取代基，增大了分子链间距离，使分子链间作用力减弱而导致溶解性增加，同时共聚物分子量较低也是原因之一。研究了分子量及取代基对聚合物热稳定性的影响，分子量增大提高了起始热分解温度，引入取代基使起始热分解温度降低，不利于提高热稳定性，原因在于热稳定性与分子间作用力关系密切。

天然气水合物沉积物力学性质的试验研究

利用研制的天然气水合物沉积物合成及力学性质一体化试验设备,以粉细砂土作为土骨架,分别对冰沉积物以及对四氢呋喃(THF)、二氧化碳(CO_2)和甲烷3种水合物沉积物进行了室内合成和三轴剪切试验,分析和比较了这4种沉积物样品的应力-应变和强度特性,初步探究了冰和不同气体在水合物沉积物强度中所起的作用. 试验结果表明:4种沉积物均表现为塑性破坏;围压越大,水合物沉积物强度越高;在水合物含量相同条件下,不同气体水合物会使水合物沉积物的强度不同

Rare-earth-metal mixed hydride/aryloxide complexes bearing mono(cyclopentadienyl) ligands. Synthesis, CO2 fixation, and catalysis on copolymerization of CO2 with cyclohexene oxide

Hydrogenolysis of mono(cyclopentadienyl)-ligated rare-earth-metal bis(alkyl) complexes Cp'Ln-(CH2SiMe3)2(THF) (Ln = Y (1a), Dy (1b), Lu (1c); Cp' = C5Me4SiMe3) with PhSiH3 afforded the mixed hydride/alkyl complexes [Cp'Ln(mu-H)(CH2SiMe3)(THF)](2) (Ln = Y (2a), Dy (2b), Lu (2c)). The overall structure of complexes 2a-c is a C-2-symmetric dimer containing a planar symmetric Ln(2)H(2) core at the center of the molecule. Deprotonation of ArOH (Ar = C6H2-Bu-t(2)-2,6-Me-4) by the metal alkyl group of 2a-c led to formation of the mixed hydride/aryloxide derivatives [Cp'Ln(mu-H)(OAr)](2) (Ln = Y (3a), Dy (3b), Lu (3c)), which adopt the dimeric structure through hydride bridges with trans-accommodated terminal aryloxide groups.

直接甲酸燃料电池氧还原碳载Au—Ir催化剂的电催化性能

用四氢呋喃（THF）络合还原法分别合成并比较了碳载金（Au／C）、碳载铱（Ir／C）、碳载金．铱（Au-Ir／c）催化剂对氧气还原和甲酸氧化的电催化活性．发现3种催化剂对甲酸氧化都没有电催化活性；Au-Ir／C催化剂对氧还原的电催化活性要远好于Au／C和Ir／C催化剂．表明Au-Ir／C催化剂适合作为直接甲酸燃料电池（DFAFC）的阴极催化剂．

Syntheses, structures and reactions of a series of beta-diketiminatoyttrium compounds

This paper describes the synthesis and selected reactions of a series of crystalline mono(beta-diiminato) yttrium chlorides 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 5c and 9. The X-ray structure of each has been determined, as well as of [YCl(L-4)(2)] (6), [Y(L-1)(2)OBut] (7) and [Y{CH(SiMe3)(2)}(thf)(mu-Cl)(2)Li(OEt2)(2)(mu-Cl)](2) (8).

Synthesis, characterization, and electroluminescence of PPV copolymers containing electron and hole-transporting units

Three series of poly(phenylene vinylene) (PPV) derivatives containing hole-transporting triphenylamine derivatives [N-(4-octoxylphenyl)diphenylamine, N,N'-di(4-octyloxylphenyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, and N,N'-di(4-octoxylphenyl)-N,N'-diphenylbenzidine] (donor) and electron-transporting oxadiazole unit (2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole) (acceptor) in the main chain were synthesized by improved Wittig copolymerization. The resulting donor-acceptor (D-A) polymers are readily soluble in common organic solvents, such as chloroform, dichloroethane, THF, and toluene.

Alternating Copolymerization of Cyclohexene Oxide and Carbon Dioxide Catalyzed by Noncyclopentadienyl Rare-Earth Metal Bis(alkyl) Complexes

The syntheses of several dialkyl complexes based on rare-earth metal were described. Three beta-diimine compounds with varying N-aryl substituents (HL1 = (2-CH3O(C6H4))N=C(CH3)CH=C(CH3)NH(2-CH3O(C6H4)), HL2 = (2,4,6-(CH3)(3) (C6H2))N=C(CH3)CH=C(CH3)NH(2,4,6-(CH3)(3)(C6H2)), HL3 = PhN=C(CH3)CH(CH3) NHPh) were treated with Ln(CH2SiMe3)(3)(THF)(2) to give dialkyl complexes L(1)Ln (CH2SiMe3)(2) (Ln = Y (1a), Lu (1b), Sc (1c)), L(2)Ln(CH2SiMe3)(2)(THF) (Ln = Y (2a), Lu (2b)), and (LLu)-Lu-3(CH2SiMe3)(2)(THF) (3). All these complexes were applied to the copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and carbon dioxide as single-component catalysts.

Thiophene-NPN Ligand Supported Rare-Earth Metal Bis(alkyl) Complexes. Synthesis and Catalysis toward Highly trans-1,4 Selective Polymerization of Butadiene

A series of new rare-earth metal bis(alkyl) complexes [L(1-3)Ln(CH2SiMe3)(2)(THF)(n)] (L-1 = MeC4H2SCH2NC6H4(Ph)(2)P=NC6H2Me3-2,4,6: Ln = Sc, n = 1 (1a); Ln = Lu, n = 1 (1b); L-2 = MeC4H2SCH2NC6H4(Ph)(2)P=NC6H3Et2-2,6: Ln = Sc, n = 1 (2a); Ln = Lu, n = 1 (2b); Ln = Y, n = 1 (2c); L-3 = MeC4H2SCH2NC6H4(Ph)(2)P=(NC6H3Pr2)-Pr-i-2,6: Ln = Sc, n = 0 (3a)) and (LSc)-Sc-4(CH2SiMe3)(2()THF) (4a) (L-4 = C6H5CH2NC6H4(Ph)(2)P=NC6H3Et2-2,6) have been prepared by reaction of rare-earth metal tris(alkyl)s with the corresponding HL1-4 ligands via alkane elimination.

Tridentate CCC-Pincer Bis(carbene)-Ligated Rare-Earth Metal Dibromides. Synthesis and Characterization

The first xylene-bridged bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) (bis(NHC))-ligated CCC-pincer rare-earth metal dibromides (PBNHC)LnBr(2)(THF) (PBNHC = 2,6-(2,4,6-Me3C6H2NCHCHNCCH2)(2)C6H3; 1: Ln = Sc; 2: Ln = Lu; 3: Lu = Sm) were prepared by in situ treatment of a THF suspension of 2,6-bis(1-mesitylimidazolium methyl)-1-bromobenzene dibromides ((PB-NHC-Br) center dot 2HBr) and lanthanide trichlorides (LnCl(3)) with dropwise addition of nBuLi at room temperature.

Rare-Earth Metal Bis(alkyl)s Supported by a Quinolinyl Anilido-Imine Ligand: Synthesis and Catalysis on Living Polymerization of epsilon-Caprolactone

The tridentate ligand N-(2-((2,6-diisopropylphenylimino)methyl)phenyl)quinolin-8-amine (HL) was prepared. Treatment of HL with 1 equiv of Ln(CH2SiMe3)(3)(THF)(2) afforded the corresponding rare-earth metal bis(alkyl) complexes LLn(CH2SiMe3)(2)(THF)(n) (Ln = Sc, n = 0 (1); Y, n = 1 (2); Lu, n = 0 (3)) in high yields. Variable-temperature H-1 NMR spectral analysis showed that these complexes were fluxional at room temperature. Complexes 1 and 3 were THF-free, where the metal center adopted a square-pyramidal geometry, while in 2 the metal center generated a distorted octahedral geometry owing to the coordination of a THF molecule.

O-2 activation and hydrolysis of Salan rare-earth metal alkyl complexes

Salan ligated yttrium alkyl complex 1, (LY)-Y-1(CH2SiMe3)(THF) (Salan = L-1: [2-O-3,5-tBu(2)-C6H2CH2N(CH3) CH2](2)), was exposed to an oxygen/ nitrogen atmosphere to give a bimetallic alkoxide complex 4, [(LY)-Y-1(mu-OCH2SiMe3)](2). Whilst the lutetium counterparts 2 ((LLu)-Lu-1(CH2SiMe3)(THF)) and 3 ((LLu)-Lu-2(CH2SiMe3)(THF); L-2: [2-O-3-tBu-C6H2CH2N(CH3) CH2](2)) were hydrolysed with moist nitrogen to afford mixed hydroxy/silyloxy complexes 5 and 6 ([(LLu)-Lu-1,2(mu-OSiMe3)(mu-OH) LuL1,2]), respectively.

Highly cis-1,4 selective polymerization of dienes with homogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts based on NCN-pincer rare earth metal dichioride precursors

The first aryldiimine NCN-pincer ligated rare earth metal dichlorides (2,6-(2,6-C6H3R2N=CH)(2)C6H3)LnCl(2)(THF)(2) (Ln = Y, R = Me (1), Et (2), Pr (3); R = Et, Ln = La (4), Nd (5), Gd (6), Sm (7), Eu (8), Tb (9), Dy (10), Ho (11), Yb (12), Lu (13)) were successfully synthesized via transmetalation between 2,6-(2,6-C2H3-R2N=CH)(2)-C6H3Li and LnCl(3)(THF)(1 similar to 3.5). These complexes are isostructural monomers with two coordinating THF molecules, where the pincer ligand coordinates to the central metal ion in a kappa C:kappa N: kappa N' tridentate mode, adopting a meridional geometry.