Road Use Tax Fund Efficiency Report savings status, December 31, 2015

Senate File 2355, 85th General Assembly, states the Iowa Department of Transportation shall submit annual reports regarding the implementation of efficiency measures identified in the “Road Use Tax Fund Efficiency Report,” January 2012. This report shall provide details of activities undertaken in the previous year relating to one-time and long-term program efficiencies and partnership efficiencies. Issues to be covered in the reports shall include but are not limited to savings realized from the implementation of particular efficiency measures; updates concerning measures that have not been implemented; efforts involving cities, counties, other jurisdictions, or stakeholder interest groups; any new efficiency measures identified or undertaken; and identification of any legislative action that may be required to achieve efficiencies.

Sovereign default, domestic banks and financial institutions

We present a model of sovereign debt in which, contrary to conventional wisdom, government defaultsare costly because they destroy the balance sheets of domestic banks. In our model, better financial institutionsallow banks to be more leveraged, thereby making them more vulnerable to sovereign defaults.Our predictions: government defaults should lead to declines in private credit, and these declines should belarger in countries where financial institutions are more developed and banks hold more government bonds.In these same countries, government defaults should be less likely. Using a large panel of countries, we findevidence consistent with these predictions.

Network governance and the domestic adoption of soft rules

European regulatory networks (ERNs) are in charge of producing and disseminating non-bindings standards, guidelines and recommendations in a number of important domains, such as banking and finance, electricity and gas, telecommunications, and competition regulation. The goal of these soft rules is to promote 'best practices', achieve co-ordination among regulatory authorities and ensure the consistent application of harmonized pro-competition rules across Europe. This contribution examines the domestic adoption of the soft rules developed within the four main ERNs. Different factors are expected to influence the process of domestic adoption: the resources of regulators; the existence of a review panel; and the interdependence of the issues at stake. The empirical analysis supports hypotheses about the relevance of network-level factors: monitoring and public reporting procedures increase the final level of adoption, while soft rules concerning highly interdependent policy areas are adopted earlier.

Domestic architecture and social differences in North-Eastern Iberia during the iron age (c.525-200 BC)

This paper is concerned with the organization of societies in north-eastern Iberia (present-day Catalonia) during the Iron Age, using data provided by domestic architecture and settlement organization. I offer an analysis of the social differences detected in the dwellings based on a sample of houses excavated at different types of settlement. Although many Iberian houses had simple layouts and small surface areas, some larger dwellings at the main sites are distinguished by the shape of their ground plans, their surface areas, architectural features, and central locations; these houses are believed to be the residences of the Iberian elite. Such dwellings are not found at all sites and the data suggest that there was a relationship between the category of the settlement (or its function) and the types of dwelling in it.

Numerical analysis of including phase change material in a domestic hot water cylinder

The domestic hot water cylinder incorporates encapsulated pcm placed in 57 vertical pipes. The use of PCM increases the thermal energy storage capacity of the cylinder and allows the use of low cost electricity during low peak periods. After experimental validation the numerical model developed in the project will be used to optimize the distribution of the pcm inside the water tank.

ISO 9002 -laatujärjestelmän toteutus tukkukaupassa

Työn tavoitteena oli tehdä kohde yritykselle ostoon, kotimaan myyntiin, varastointiin ja toimituksiin ISO 9002 -standardiin pohjautuva laatujärjestelmä, joka voidaan myöhemmin sertifioida. Valmis laatujärjestelmän kuvaus esitetään kirjallisessa muodossa laatukäsikirjan avulla. toisena tavoitteena oli tehdä laatujärjestelmään mittarit, jotka mahdollistava yrityksen laatujärjestelmän toimivuuden seurannan. Kolmantena tavoitteena oli saavuttaa laatujärjestelmän avulla taloudellisia säästöjä yrityksen toiminnassa pitkällä tähtäimellä. Tärkeä osa työtä oli laatia yrityksen laatukäsikirja ISO 9002 -standardin vaatimuksien mukaisesti. Työ jakautuu kahdeksaan suurempaan kokonaisuuteen: laatuun ja palveluihin liittyvien perusajatuksien määrittelyyn, tukkukauppatoiminnan kuvaamiseen, kohdeyrityksen esittelyyn, henkilökuntakyselyn suorittamiseen. laatujärjestelmien käsittelyyn, ISON 9002 -standardin vaatimuksien esittelyyn, kohden yrityksen laatukäsikirjan tarkasteluun ja saavutettujen tulosten tarkastelua ja pohdintaa. Työ tuloksena voidaan todeta, että laatujärjestelmän rakentaminen yritykselle on ollut hyvä ratkaisu. Laatujärjestelmän avulla on voitu saavuttaa säästöjä ja kehitysaskeleita. Investointi parempaan laatuun on kannattanut.

Capital Controls with International Reserve Accumulation: Can this Be Optimal ?

Motivated by the Chinese experience, we analyze a semi-open economy where the central bank has access to international capital markets, but the private sector has not. This enables the central bank to choose an interest rate different from the international rate. We examine the optimal policy of the central bank by modelling it as a Ramsey planner who can choose the level of domestic public debt and of international reserves. The central bank can improve savings opportunities of credit-constrained consumers modelled as in Woodford (1990). We find that in a steady state it is optimal for the central bank to replicate the open economy, i.e., to issue debt financed by the accumulation of reserves so that the domestic interest rate equals the foreign rate. When the economy is in transition, however, a rapidly growing economy has a higher welfare without capital mobility and the optimal interest rate differs from the international rate. We argue that the domestic interest rate should be temporarily above the international rate. We also find that capital controls can still help reach the first best when the planner has more fiscal instruments.

Tiedosta kilpailuetua ketjuuntuneeseen päivittäistavarakauppaan

Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää miten kilpailuedun lähteet muuttuvat päivittäistavarakaupassa, kun siirrytään ketjutoimintaan. Onko tiedosta kilpailuedun lähteeksi? Tutkimus suoritettiin kirjallisuustutkimuksena. Lähdeaineistona käytettiin kotimaista ja ulkomaista kirjallisuutta, jotka käsittelivät tietoa, tietopääomaa, kilpailuetua ja ketjutoimintaa. Tiedon merkitystä on käsitelty tietoperusteisen teorian näkökulmasta ja analyysin pohjana oli kaksi suurinta toimijaa Suomen päivittäistavaramarkkinoilla. Kilpailu päivittäistavara-alalla on hintakilpailua. Ketjutoimintaan siirtyminen tuo suurtuotantoetuja ostotoimintaan sekä markkinointiin. Kustannussäästöt ovat huomattavat. Ketjutoiminta lisää kaupan hintakilpailukykyä ja parantaa toimintojen tehokkuutta. Tutkimus vahvisti olettamuksen, että tiedosta on tullut kaupan alan tärkein kilpailutekijä. Tämä korostuu etenkin logististen toimintojen sekä asiakashallinnan osalta. Tiedon virtaus on tärkeää ja sitä voidaan parantaa investoimalla tietoteknisiin järjestelmiin sekä henkilöstön koulutukseen.

Price differences between domestic and international air markets : an empirical application to routes from Gran Canaria

In this paper we examine whether airline prices on national routes are higher than those charged on international routes. Drawing on a database prepared specifically for this study, we estimate a pricing equation for all routes originating from Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain; differentiating between national and international routes. A key difference between these two route types is that island residents benefit from discounts on domestic flights. When controlling for variables related to airline characteristics, market structure and demand, we find that national passengers who are non-residents on the islands are paying higher prices than international passengers.

Preliminary study of insect attraction by a mixture of semiochemicals containing 1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene in domestic citric-culture

In this work we describe a new efficient strategy for the preparation of 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene (3) in 56% overall yield. The compound 3 was used in a preliminary study of insect attraction by a mixture of semiochemicals called TIV, composed of indol (1), vanillin (2) and 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene (3), in eight Mc Phail style traps installed at a domestic orchard of citric-culture, containing 120 trees not infected by plagues in Bom Jesus Farm, located next to a patch of the Atlantic Forest, at Silva Jardim, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

TiO2 photocatalytic inactivation under simulated solar light of bacterial consortia in domestic wastewaters previously treated by UASB, duckweed and facultative ponds

In this work, TiO2 photocatalysis was used to disinfect domestic wastewaters previously treated by different biological treatment systems: Upward-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB), facultative pond, and duckweed pond. The microorganisms monitored were E. coli, total coliforms, Shigella species, and Salmonella species. Photocatalytic experiments were carried out using two light sources: a solar simulator (UV intensity: 68-70 W m-2) and black-light lamps (BLL UV intensity: 17-20 W m-2). Samples were taken after each treatment stage. Results indicate that bacterial photocatalytic inactivation is affected by characteristics of the effluent, including turbidity, concentration of organic matter, and bacterial concentration, which depend of the type of biological pretreatment previously used.

Treated domestic sewage: kinetics of Escherichia coli and total coliform inactivation by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide has been used for decades in developed countries as an oxidizing agent in the treatment of water, domestic sewage and industrial effluents. This study evaluated the influence of the concentration of H2O2 and pH on the inactivation of Escherichia coli cells and the disinfection of sewage treated. The results showed that the inactivation rate increased with pH and H2O2. The presence of other contaminants dissolved in the effluent is probably the cause of these differences, because E. coli inactivation in synthetic wastewater was found to be much faster than in the real treated domestic sewage.

Unitizing in Supply Chain – Case SECU Container

The aim of this thesis is to analyze how increasing the level of unitizing affects to the costs in the transport system of a Finnish paper and board company. The parts of the supply chain where costs are analyzed are limited to domestic inland transport and port operations. Supply Chain management is important aspect of modern day companies’ strategies. Intermodal transport and different transport systems are the key items which are studied in the theory part of this thesis. In the case study the payload simulations for SECU container (Stora Enso Cargo Unit) stuffed in mills sites are base of the cost analyze of this thesis. Thesis also makes a glance for the restrictions and development trends in Finnish railroads. In analyze SECU containers are moved up to the mill site for stuffing. This increases the level of unitizing in supply chain. Analyze is made for three variation of current traffic lines. Analyze shows that when idea of intermodalism is well used there is considerable cost savings to gather in pre-transportation and port operations. But also effects to mill sites and destination ports needs to be take under considering. In analyze the effects of increased axle weight for SECU container transportation in Finnish railroads is studied. When transport unit is stuffed in earliest possible point supply chain and unloaded the last possible point the savings made in chain can be considerable. In case study of this thesis almost 40% savings in total costs could be reached in pre transportation and port operations when unitizing level is increased in supply chain.