1000 resultados para Cruzamentos múltiplos


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This study is about the institutional self-evaluation in Dimension 4, "Communication with Society", from the National System of Higher Education Evaluation SINAES, mandatory for all universities in Brazil. A multiple cases study was conducted with three institutions from Rio Grande do Norte, and the goal was to know how this evaluation is made, describing the concept for the evaluation of communication proposed by them, identifying controllers or emancipator aspects, categorizing methodological procedures and discussing the difficulties reported in the communication evaluation process. Coordinators of the institutions Evaluating Committees were interviewed and data categorized by means of qualitative content analysis. It was noted characteristics of the current controller, emancipator and hybrid designs in the three institutions for evaluation of communication, revealing the lack of a theoretical corpus that transits in accordance with the systemic perspective and epistemology of complexity from SINAES. It was found that the most frequently reported difficulties in the evaluation processes of communication are in the preparation stage, especially in the definition of indicators and tools and awareness work. The weakness in planning makes their own activities in the sector of communication become targets of assessment, forming goals poorly related with broader organizational goals. It was also concluded that the technical evaluation cannot override the issues associated with the broader issue of the complexity surrounding the assessment paradigm proposed by SINAES because contradictions and imperfections are part of the evaluation process and several references are current in the literature to support this view. Finally, it is said that objectives such as transparency and behavioral changes can rely on methodologies and techniques for research on the question of the construction of meaning

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Presentamos el cálculo de las funciones seno y coseno para los ángulos múltiplos de 3 medidos en grados. Se hace uso de las propiedades que presentan los triángulos respectivos. Al final del trabajo se resumen las fórmulas obtenidas.

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Desde o primeiro registro da presença destrutiva de Meloidogyne enterolobii, em 2001, em áreas de goiabeira no Vale do São Francisco (VSF), nos estados da Bahia e de Pernambuco, a ocorrência desse nematoide passou a ter dimensão nacional, sendo relatado em outros 17 estados brasileiros, constituindo-se no principal desafio para a cultura. Práticas de controle do patógeno, como uso de nematicidas, controle biológico, adubações nitrogenadas, plantas não hospedeiras e manejo integrado, têm efeito limitado ou ineficiente (Freitas, 2012). O impacto inicial direto do nematoide na cultura da goiabeira foi estimado em quase US$ 70 milhões em todo o Brasil (Pereira et al., 2009), com redução inicial de até 50% da área plantada no VSF.

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Discrepancies between classical model predictions and experimental data for deep bed filtration have been reported by various authors. In order to understand these discrepancies, an analytic continuum model for deep bed filtration is proposed. In this model, a filter coefficient is attributed to each distinct retention mechanism (straining, diffusion, gravity interception, etc.). It was shown that these coefficients generally cannot be merged into an effective filter coefficient, as considered in the classical model. Furthermore, the derived analytic solutions for the proposed model were applied for fitting experimental data, and a very good agreement between experimental data and proposed model predictions were obtained. Comparison of the obtained results with empirical correlations allowed identifying the dominant retention mechanisms. In addition, it was shown that the larger the ratio of particle to pore sizes, the more intensive the straining mechanism and the larger the discrepancies between experimental data and classical model predictions. The classical model and proposed model were compared via statistical analysis. The obtained p values allow concluding that the proposed model should be preferred especially when straining plays an important role. In addition, deep bed filtration with finite retention capacity was studied. This work also involves the study of filtration of particles through porous media with a finite capacity of filtration. It was observed, in this case, that is necessary to consider changes in the boundary conditions through time evolution. It was obtained a solution for such a model using different functions of filtration coefficients. Besides that, it was shown how to build a solution for any filtration coefficient. It was seen that, even considering the same filtration coefficient, the classic model and the one here propposed, show different predictions for the concentration of particles retained in the porous media and for the suspended particles at the exit of the media

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Ao longo dos u´ltimos anos tem existido um interesse crescente em estudar o tempo at´e `a ocorrˆencia de va´rios acontecimentos, os quais podem ser observados mais do que uma vez para um mesmo indiv´ıduo. Os dados respeitantes a acontecimentos mu´ltiplos tˆem como principal caracter´ıstica o facto de se registar mais do que um tempo de vida para cada indiv´ıduo, o que inviabiliza a aplica¸ca˜o direta do modelo de regress˜ao de Cox. Assim, surgiu a necessidade de desenvolver novas extenso˜es deste modelo, sendo que as mais utilizadas na pra´tica foram sugeridas por: Prentice, Williams e Peterson (PWP); Andersen e Gill (AG); Wei, Lin e Weissfeld (WLW); e Lee, Wei e Amato (LWA). Um dos maiores obst´aculos na aplicac¸˜ao destes modelos ´e a forte possibilidade de existir correla¸c˜ao intraindiv´ıduos. Neste ponto, os quatro modelos referidos anteriormente sa˜o classificados como modelos marginais, uma vez que o vetor de paraˆmetros de regress˜ao ´e estimado com base no ajustamento de um modelo que ignora a correla¸ca˜o entre acontecimentos. Para compensar esse facto, nestes modelos ´e usado um estimador robusto da matriz de covariˆancia, o qual permite efetuar a correc¸˜ao necessa´ria na estimativa da variaˆncia usual. Apo´s realizar uma descric¸˜ao detalhada de cada modelo marginal procedeu-se a` respetiva implementa¸c˜ao atrav´es do software estat´ıstico R. Para o efeito, recorreu-se a` simula¸ca˜o de dados relativos a acontecimentos mu´ltiplos do mesma natureza, isto ´e, a acontecimentos recorrentes. Os resultados obtidos permitiram real¸car e confirmar as caracter´ısticas dos modelos estudados.

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Ao longo dos últimos anos tem existido um interesse crescente em estudar o tempo até à ocorrência de vários acontecimentos, os quais podem ser observados mais do que uma vez para um mesmo indivíduo. Os dados respeitantes a acontecimentos múltiplos têm como principal característica o facto de se registar mais do que um tempo de vida para cada indivíduo, o que inviabiliza a aplicação direta do modelo de regressão de Cox. Assim, surgiu a necessidade de desenvolver novas extensões deste modelo, sendo que as mais utilizadas na prática foram sugeridas por: Prentice, Williams e Peterson (PWP); Andersen e Gill (AG); Wei, Lin e Weissfeld (WLW); e Lee, Wei e Amato (LWA). Um dos maiores obstáculos na aplicação destes modelos é a forte possibilidade de existir correlação intraindivíduos. Neste ponto, os quatro modelos referidos anteriormente são classificados como modelos marginais, uma vez que o vetor de parâmetros de regressão é estimado com base no ajustamento de um modelo que ignora a correlação entre acontecimentos. Para compensar esse facto, nestes modelos é usado um estimador robusto da matriz de covariância, o qual permite efetuar a correção necessária na estimativa da variância usual. Após realizar uma descrição detalhada de cada modelo marginal procedeu-se à respetiva implementação através do software estatístico R. Para o efeito, recorreu-se à simulação de dados relativos a acontecimentos múltiplos do mesma natureza, isto é, a acontecimentos recorrentes. Os resultados obtidos permitiram realçar e confirmar as características dos modelos estudados.

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The purpose of this article is to introduce elements that allow building an interface between the academic research and the programs of basic education for youngsters and adults. It discusses contributions to these programs that can be found in the results of qualitative research studies. To this end, results of a five-year long project on teacher education are used, which aim was that of analyzing the interaction between teacher and student in youngster and adult literacy classes. The research project was conducted in natural contexts with the purpose of understanding a given social reality, and not of establishing general laws. Therefore, the credibility of its results was built through the observation of multiple contexts, and the gathering of data was made through various methods, from the perspective of several participants observed during a prolonged period of time. This empirical basis was used to evaluate recommendations contained in the report commissioned by Unesco to the International Literacy Institute for presentation at the World Forum on Education held in 2000 in Dakar. This report proposed that the continuous attendance of students to basic education programs is one of the great challenges of the new millennium. With respect to the problem of adult evasion from courses and programs, the article discusses the motivation and accessibility factors, pointed out in official documents as relevant factors to the success or failure of the programs.

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This article aims at discussing and articulating views of language under sociocultural, dialogic and discourse perspectives, in order to present a theoretical framework as far as the analysis of textbooks of English as a foreign language for the Brazilian Ensino Fundamental I is concerned. Due to the limited number of studies in this field, to the still considerably structural approach of the English language teaching and learning in our country nowadays and to the important mediation role textbooks play in language education, we believe our work can contribute positively to the construction of critical and multiple literacies, which, in turn, can support an active and transformative educacional process in the present times.

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A case of identical male twins with Cohen syndrome who present multiple ophthalmic findings is reported. The patients were identical 16 year-old twin boys who showed down slanting eyelids, mild ptosis, high-grade myopia, small cortical lens opacities, posterior subcapsular cataracts, myotic and corectopic pupils with poor dilation due to focal iris atrophy and retinochoroidal dystrophy. Ophthalmologists must be aware of the ocular and systemic findings of Cohen syndrome in the evaluation of young patients with mental retardation and visual impairment.

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física