Neptune: a hil simulator for multiple UUVs

This paper overviews the field of graphical simulators used for AUV development, presents the taxonomy of these applications and proposes a classification. It also presents Neptune, a multivehicle, real-time, graphical simulator based on OpenGL that allows hardware in the loop simulations

Disseny i implementació d'un sistema de navegació inercial i la seva aplicació a la robòtica mòbil

La UdG desposa de diversos robots mòbils per a finalitats docents i de recerca que utilitzen sistemes de localització incremental mitjançant bàsicament encoders incrementals. Actualment, en el mercat de l’automoció s’ha desenvolupat una sèrie de dispositius electrònics tals com brúixoles electròniques, acceleròmetres, giroscòpics, etc. L’objectiu és dissenyar i construir un sistema de navegació inercial format per un acceleròmetre, un giroscòpic, una brúixola i un microcontrolador encarregat de governar les ordres. El llenguatge utilitzat serà l’assemblador, ja que es pretén una execució molt eficient de les rutines creades. Les dades obtingudes es transmetran a l’ordinador per mitjà del protocol RS-232 i un programa en C emmagatzemarà les dades en un document de text. Aquestes dades seran tractades amb l’entorn MATLAB per tal d’interpretar-les i representar-les gràficament. Per analitzar el funcionament del sistema s’utilitzarà la plataforma PRIM

Integració d’ una unitat inercial i d’ un giroscopi de fibra òptica en un robot submarí i desenvolupament d’ un sistema de posicionament dins una piscina

El Grup de Visió per Computador i Robòtica (VICOROB) del departament d'Electrònica, Informàtica i Automàtica de la Universitat de Girona investiga en el camp de la robòtica submarina. Al CIRS (Centre d’Investigació en Robòtica Submarina), laboratori que forma part del grup VICOROB, el robot submarí Ictineu és la principal eina utilitzada per a desenvolupar els projectes de recerca. Recentment, el CIRS ha adquirit un nou sistema de sensors d' orientació basat en una unitat inercial i un giroscopi de fibra òptica. Aquest projecte pretén realitzar un estudi d' aquests dispositius i integrar-los al robot Ictineu. D' altra banda, aprofitant les característiques d’aquests sensors giroscopics i les mesures d' un sonar ja integrat al robot, es vol desenvolupar un sistema de localització capaç de determinar la posició del robot en el pla horitzontal de la piscina en temps real

Kiinteistön ohjaus- ja valvontajärjestelmän toteutus mobiiliympäristöön

Ohjelmistoprojektin läpivienti vaatii suunnittelua ja yhteisiä tapaamisia toimittajan ja asiakkaan kesken. Ohjelmistotuotannon prosessit ovat määrittely, suunnittelu, toteutus, testaus ja käyttöönotto. Tärkeimmät dokumentit ovat projektisuunnitelma, toiminnallinen määrittely ja tekninen määrittely. Ongelmia projektin läpiviennissä voi tulla silloin, jos toimittaja ja asiakas eivät ymmärrä toisiaan. Tässä työssä tehdään SMSviestejä käsittelevä mobiilisovellus ja siihen liittyvät projektisuunnitelma sekä määrittelydokumentit. Mobiilisovellus ohjelmoidaan J2ME:llä, joka on sulautettujen järjestelmien ohjelmointiin suunniteltu Java-kieli. Sovellus tukee toisen asteen opiskelijoille suunnattuja mobiiliohjelmointi opintoja. Opintojakso kuuluu Pohjois- Karjalan ammattiopiston järjestämään turvallisuusalan koulutukseen. Sovelluksella voidaan lähettää ohjausviestejä OUMAN EH-60 -ohjaus- ja valvontayksikköön. Yksikön avulla voi ohjata ja valvoa esimerkiksi kiinteistön lämmönsäätöä, vesivahinkoja, oven lukitusta jne. Tässä työssä tehtävällä sovelluksella demonstroidaan kesämökin ohjausta. Langaton tiedonsiirto tulee tulevaisuudessa lisääntymään kiinteistöjen ohjaus- ja valvontajärjestelmänä. Hätä- ja valvontaviestit lähetetään automaattisesti kiinteistön omistajalle, hoivapalveluyrittäjälle, talohuoltoon tai hätäkeskukseen. Kiinteistön omistaja voi omalla matkapuhelimellaan ajasta ja paikasta riippumattavalvoa ja ohjata kiinteistöään reaaliaikaisesti. Pohjois-Karjalan ammattiopisto haluaa olla kehittämässä ja toteuttamassa turvallisuusalan koulutusta nyt ja tulevaisuudessa.

In-Vessel Penetrator -käärmerobotin mallinnus ADAMS-ohjelmistolla

Työn tavoitteena oli muodostaa virtuaaliprototyyppi fuusioreaktorin huollossa käytettävästä IVP-robotista. Työssä mallinnettiin robotin mekaniikka joustavana sekä toimilaitteiden ja käyttöjen dynaamiset ominaisuudet valmistajien esitietojen ja mitoitustietojen perusteella. Käyttöjen ja mekaniikan mallit yhdistettiin ADAMS-ohjelmistossa. Mekaanisten joustojen mallinnuksessa sekä verifioinnissa käytettiin apuna ANSYS –ohjelmistoa. Virtuaaliprototyypin toimivuudesta varmistuttiin vertaamalla sitä robotin suunnittelutietoihin ja fyysiseen prototyyppiin. Robotin ohjauksessa käytettävän P-säätäjän vaikutusta tutkittiin eri vahvistuksen arvoilla sekä verrattiin mekaanisia vasteita fyysisen prototyypin dynaamisiin testeihin. Esimerkkinä robotin käyttäytymisestä todellisessa tilanteessa simuloitiin sen ajoa reaktoriin. Toteutetun simulointimallin todettiin vastaavan rakenteeltaan sekä siinä esiintyvien voimien osalta suunnitelmien mukaista konstruktiota. Käytetyillä parametreilla se toteutti hyvin robotille asetetut nopeusvaatimukset.

Pose-based SLAM with probabilistic scan matching algorithm using a mechanical scanned imaging sonar

This paper proposes a pose-based algorithm to solve the full SLAM problem for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), navigating in an unknown and possibly unstructured environment. The technique incorporate probabilistic scan matching with range scans gathered from a mechanical scanning imaging sonar (MSIS) and the robot dead-reckoning displacements estimated from a Doppler velocity log (DVL) and a motion reference unit (MRU). The proposed method utilizes two extended Kalman filters (EKF). The first, estimates the local path travelled by the robot while grabbing the scan as well as its uncertainty and provides position estimates for correcting the distortions that the vehicle motion produces in the acoustic images. The second is an augment state EKF that estimates and keeps the registered scans poses. The raw data from the sensors are processed and fused in-line. No priory structural information or initial pose are considered. The algorithm has been tested on an AUV guided along a 600 m path within a marina environment, showing the viability of the proposed approach

Integració d’ una unitat inercial i d’ un giroscopi de fibra òptica en un robot submarí i desenvolupament d’ un sistema de posicionament dins una piscina

El Grup de Visió per Computador i Robòtica (VICOROB) del departament d'Electrònica, Informàtica i Automàtica de la Universitat de Girona investiga en el camp de la robòtica submarina. Al CIRS (Centre d’Investigació en Robòtica Submarina), laboratori que forma part del grup VICOROB, el robot submarí Ictineu és la principal eina utilitzada per a desenvolupar els projectes de recerca. Recentment, el CIRS ha adquirit un nou sistema de sensors d' orientació basat en una unitat inercial i un giroscopi de fibra òptica. Aquest projecte pretén realitzar un estudi d' aquests dispositius i integrar-los al robot Ictineu. D' altra banda, aprofitant les característiques d’aquests sensors giroscopics i les mesures d' un sonar ja integrat al robot, es vol desenvolupar un sistema de localització capaç de determinar la posició del robot en el pla horitzontal de la piscina en temps real

Pose-based SLAM with probabilistic scan matching algorithm using a mechanical scanned imaging sonar

This paper proposes a pose-based algorithm to solve the full SLAM problem for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), navigating in an unknown and possibly unstructured environment. The technique incorporate probabilistic scan matching with range scans gathered from a mechanical scanning imaging sonar (MSIS) and the robot dead-reckoning displacements estimated from a Doppler velocity log (DVL) and a motion reference unit (MRU). The proposed method utilizes two extended Kalman filters (EKF). The first, estimates the local path travelled by the robot while grabbing the scan as well as its uncertainty and provides position estimates for correcting the distortions that the vehicle motion produces in the acoustic images. The second is an augment state EKF that estimates and keeps the registered scans poses. The raw data from the sensors are processed and fused in-line. No priory structural information or initial pose are considered. The algorithm has been tested on an AUV guided along a 600 m path within a marina environment, showing the viability of the proposed approach

Neptune: a hil simulator for multiple UUVs

This paper overviews the field of graphical simulators used for AUV development, presents the taxonomy of these applications and proposes a classification. It also presents Neptune, a multivehicle, real-time, graphical simulator based on OpenGL that allows hardware in the loop simulations

Experimental Modeling and Control Strategies on an Open Mobile Robot Platform PRIM

This research work deals with the problem of modeling and design of low level speed controller for the mobile robot PRIM. The main objective is to develop an effective educational tool. On one hand, the interests in using the open mobile platform PRIM consist in integrating several highly related subjects to the automatic control theory in an educational context, by embracing the subjects of communications, signal processing, sensor fusion and hardware design, amongst others. On the other hand, the idea is to implement useful navigation strategies such that the robot can be served as a mobile multimedia information point. It is in this context, when navigation strategies are oriented to goal achievement, that a local model predictive control is attained. Hence, such studies are presented as a very interesting control strategy in order to develop the future capabilities of the system

Experimental Modeling and Control Strategies on an Open Mobile Robot Platform PRIM

This research work deals with the problem of modeling and design of low level speed controller for the mobile robot PRIM. The main objective is to develop an effective educational tool. On one hand, the interests in using the open mobile platform PRIM consist in integrating several highly related subjects to the automatic control theory in an educational context, by embracing the subjects of communications, signal processing, sensor fusion and hardware design, amongst others. On the other hand, the idea is to implement useful navigation strategies such that the robot can be served as a mobile multimedia information point. It is in this context, when navigation strategies are oriented to goal achievement, that a local model predictive control is attained. Hence, such studies are presented as a very interesting control strategy in order to develop the future capabilities of the system

Mobile Robot navigation modelling, control and applications

This work presents and discusses the main topics involved on the design of a mobile robot system and focus on the control and navigation systems for autonomous mobile robots. Introduces the main aspects of the Robot design, which is a holistic vision about all the steps of the development process of an autonomous mobile robot; discusses the problems addressed to the conceptualization of the mobile robot physical structure and its relation to the world. Presents the dynamic and control analysis for navigation robots with kinematic and dynamic model and, for final, presents applications for a robotic platform of Automation, Simulation, Control and Supervision of Mobile Robots Navigation, with studies of dynamic and kinematic modelling, control algorithms, mechanisms for mapping and localization, trajectory planning and the platform simulator. © 2012 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved.

Development of a support vector machine-based navigation system for driving a mobile robot through paths in plantations

The use of mobile robots turns out to be interesting in activities where the action of human specialist is difficult or dangerous. Mobile robots are often used for the exploration in areas of difficult access, such as rescue operations and space missions, to avoid human experts exposition to risky situations. Mobile robots are also used in agriculture for planting tasks as well as for keeping the application of pesticides within minimal amounts to mitigate environmental pollution. In this paper we present the development of a system to control the navigation of an autonomous mobile robot through tracks in plantations. Track images are used to control robot direction by preprocessing them to extract image features. Such features are then submitted to a support vector machine in order to find out the most appropriate route. The overall goal of the project to which this work is connected is to develop a real time robot control system to be embedded into a hardware platform. In this paper we report the software implementation of a support vector machine, which so far presented around 93% accuracy in predicting the appropriate route. © 2012 IEEE.

An optical flow-based sensing system for reactive mobile robot navigation

This work discusses the use of optical flow to generate the sensorial information a mobile robot needs to react to the presence of obstacles when navigating in a non-structured environment. A sensing system based on optical flow and time-to-collision calculation is here proposed and experimented, which accomplishes two important paradigms. The first one is that all computations are performed onboard the robot, in spite of the limited computational capability available. The second one is that the algorithms for optical flow and time-to-collision calculations are fast enough to give the mobile robot the capability of reacting to any environmental change in real-time. Results of real experiments in which the sensing system here proposed is used as the only source of sensorial data to guide a mobile robot to avoid obstacles while wandering around are presented, and the analysis of such results allows validating the proposed sensing system.

LADAR based mapping and obstacle detection system for service robots

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores