Si1-xGex/Si resonant-cavity-enhanced photodetectors with a silicon-on-oxide reflector operating near 1.3 mu m

We report on a Si1-xGex/Si multiple quantum-well resonant-cavity-enhanced (RCE) photodetector with a silicon-on-oxide reflector as the bottom mirror operating near 1.3 mu m. The breakdown voltage of the photodetector is above 18 V and the dark current density at 5 V reverse bias is 12 pA/mu m(2). The RCE photodetector shows enhanced responsivity with a clear peak at 1.285 mu m and the peak responsivity is measured around 10.2 mA/W at a reverse bias of 5 V. The external quantum efficiency at 1.3 mu m is measured to be 3.5% under reverse bias of 16 V, which is enhanced three- to fourfold compared with that of a conventional p-i-n photodetector with a Ge content of 0.5 reported in 1995 by Huang [Appl. Phys. Lett. 67, 566 (1995)]. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(00)00628-8].

Strain-Compensated InGaAs/InAlAs Quantum Cascade Detector of 4.5 mu m Operating at Room Temperature

We present a strain-compensated InP-based InGaAs/InAlAs photovoltaic quantum cascade detector grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy. The detector is based on a vertical intersubband transition and electron transfer on a cascade of quantum levels which is designed to provide longitudinal optical phonon extraction stairs. By careful structure design and growth, the whole epilayer has a residual strain toward InP substrate of only -2.8 x 10(-4). A clear narrow band detection spectrum centered at 4.5 mu m has been observed above room temperature for a device with 200 x 200 mu m(2) square mesa.

High resistance AlGaAs/GaAs quantum cascade detectors grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy operating above liquid nitrogen temperature

This work was supported by the National Research Projects of China (grant numbers are 60525406, 60736031, 60806018, 60906026, 2006CB604903, 2007AA03Z446 and 2009AA03Z403, 10990100, respectively). The authors would like to thank P Liang, Y Hu, H Sun, X L Zhang, B J Sun, H L Zhen and N Li for their help in processing and characterization.

THIN-FILM BIPBSRCACUO DIRECT-CURRENT SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM INTERFERING DEVICES OPERATING AT 78-K

Direct current SQUIDs (superconducting quantum interference devices) have been successfully fabricated by using a Pb-doped BiSrCaCuO superconducting thin film made by mixed evaporation of a single source composed of related components with a resistance heater. The dc SQUID comprises a square washer with a small hole. These SQUIDs show perfectly periodic voltage-flux characteristics without magnetic shield, that is, typically, the flux noise and energy resolution at a frequency range from dc to 1 Hz and at 78 K being 1.7 x 10(-3) PHI-0/ square-root Hz and 3.6 x 10(-26) J/Hz, respectively. Meanwhile, we have found out that one of the SQUIDs still was able to operate on flux-locked mode without bias currents and showed voltage-flux second harmonic characteristics. This phenomenon is not well understood, but it may be related to I-V (current-voltage) characteristics of the dc SQUID.

Normal-incident SiGe/Si MQWs photodetectors operating at 1.3 mu m

A normal-incident SiGe/Si multiple quantum wells (MQWs) photodetector was reported. The structure and fabrication process of the photodetector were introduced. The photocurrent spectra measurement showed that the response spectra was expanded to 1.3 mu m wavelength. The quantum efficiency of the photodetector was 0.1% at 1.3 mu m and 20% at 0.95 mu m.

Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser Operating at 2.94 THz

The development of quantum cascade laser at 2.94 THz is reported. The laser structure is based on a bound-to-continuum active region and a semi-insulating surface-plasmon waveguide. Lasing is observed up to a heat-sink temperature of 70 K in pulsed mode with light power of 4.75 mW at 10 K and 1 mW at 70 K. A threshold current density of 296.5 A/cm(2) and an internal quantum efficiency of 1.57 x 10(-2) per cascade period are also observed at 10 K. The characteristic temperature of this laser is extracted to be T-0 = 57.5 K.

Study on Water Resources Regulation and Reservoir Operating Prediction for Suppression of Salt Water Intrusion in the Pearl River Estuary

Salt water intrusion occurred frequently during dry season in Modaomen waterway of the Pearl River Estuary. With the development of region's economy and urbanization, the salt tides affect the region's water supply more and more seriously in recent years. Regulation and allocation of freshwater resources of the upper rivers of the estuary to suppress the salt tides is becoming important measures for ensuring the water supply security of the region in dry season. The observation data analysis showed that the flow value at the Wuzhou hydrometric station on the upper Xijiang river had a good correlation with the salinity in Modaomen estuary. Thus the flow rate of Wuzhou has been used as a control variable for suppression of salt tides in Modaomen estuary. However, the runoff at Wuzhou mainly comes from the discharge of Longtan reservoir on the upper reaches of Xijiang river and the runoff in the interval open valley between Longtan and Wuzhou sections. As the long distance and many tributaries as well as the large non-controlled watershed between this two sections, the reservoir water scheduling has a need for reasonable considering of interaction between the reservoir regulating discharge and the runoff process of the interval open watershed while the deployment of suppression flow at Wuzhou requires longer lasting time and high precision for the salt tide cycles. For this purpose, this study established a runoff model for Longtan - Wuzhou interval drainage area and by model calculations and observation data analysis, helped to understand the response patterns of the flow rate at Wuzhou to the water discharge of Longtan under the interval water basin runoff participating conditions. On this basis, further discussions were taken on prediction methods of Longtan reservoir discharge scheduling scheme for saline intrusion suppression and provided scientific and typical implementation programs for effective suppression flow process at the Wuzhou section.

不同LET射线对细胞的生物学效应

以人肝癌细胞系和正常肝细胞系为材料,报道了不同传能线密度射线辐射引发细胞染色体原初断裂及24h内的修复情况。计算了相对生物学效应的值。以L02染色体总断裂数量得出的RBE值96.05keV/μm的12C6+为3.6,512keV/μm36Ar18+为2.9。而以7721染色体总断裂数量得出的RBE值:96.05keV/μm的12C6+为3.5,512keV/μm36Ar18+也为2.9。用产生等点染色单体断裂计算,则RBE更高。对比得出,高LET对增加等点染色单体断裂量的作用要远远大于对增加染色单体断裂量的作用。等点染色单体的断裂修复难度要远远大于染色单体断裂的修复难度,这也是高LET高致死率的一个重要原因。

Survivin表达对HepG2细胞高LET射线辐射敏感性的影响

<正>Survivin是1997年发现的凋亡抑制蛋白家族(IAPs)的成员,它特异性的表达于大多数的恶性肿瘤细胞中,而在正常组织中检测不到,具有组织特异性。以前的研究表

不同LET ~(12)C~(6+)离子对生防菌BJ1的辐射诱变效应

选取高低两个LET点(40和60keV/m),剂量点分别为50,100,200,400,600Gy进行辐照处理,研究了生防菌的存活率与突变率的关系,抑菌谱以及活性等。结果表明,在高LET条件下,低剂量辐照就可以得到较多的突变体,并且BJ1有较高的存活率和突变谱,有利于筛选优良的正突变体。因此高LET较低LET有更为明显的辐射诱变效应。

高LET重离子照射人肿瘤细胞的DNA双链断裂及修复研究

依托兰州近代物理研究所的HIRFL装置对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721进行高LET的重离子辐照,同时利用脉冲场凝胶电泳研究高LET辐射引起的细胞DSB及其修复的特点。对于不同离子的辐射进行了比较分析,探索重离子的辐射生物学效应机理。结果发现,随着剂量的增加,初始DSB在给定剂量范围内呈线性增长,LET较高的氩离子的剂量效应曲线具有较大的斜率。对于DSB分布情况的研究发现,LET不同,大小片段的分布随着剂量的变化呈现不同的变化情况。修复研究显示两种LET辐射的快修复在30min左右都已经结束,此后都开始了慢修复,对于高LET的氩离子辐射来说,快修复和慢修复完成的修复量均高于较低LET的碳离子辐射。4h时,两种辐射残余的DSB基本一致。结果证明了高LET辐射下初始DSB与剂量的线性依赖关系,且发现不同种类的离子辐射引起的DSB的剂量效应曲线的斜率不同。结果也显示了DSB的非随机分布现象和DSB修复的双阶段模式,发现LET、离子种类和剂量对于DSB的片段非随机分布同时存在影响,同时修复结果提示慢修复机制和错修复在高LET辐射引起损伤的修复研究中可能具有重要意义。

不同LET辐射对HepG2肝癌细胞的辐射敏感性与周期阻滞的影响

本工作研究不同LET射线辐照对HepG2肝癌细胞辐射敏感性、周期进程和凋亡的影响,为重离子治疗癌症的临床应用积累基础数据。以0、0.5、1、2、4、8Gy剂量的12C6+离子及X射线分别照射处于指数生长期的HepG2细胞,用克隆形成率测定细胞辐射敏感性,通过流式细胞术测定细胞DNA含量以确定各时相细胞的比例及细胞凋亡情况。实验结果显示,12C6+离子辐照所致的HepG2细胞存活率明显低于X射线。随着吸收剂量的增加和修复时间的延长,12C6+离子能导致更显著的细胞S期阻滞、G2/M期阻滞延迟和细胞凋亡。说明与X射线相比,12C6+离子辐照能更有效地杀伤HepG2肝癌细胞并诱导其凋亡。

G2期早熟染色体凝集技术预测肝癌细胞低LET射线辐射敏感性

用60Co产生的γ射线照射人肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721。以克隆形成法测定经照射后的细胞存活率,用化学诱导剂Calyculin-A诱导的早熟染色体凝集(Prematurechromosomecondensation,PCC)技术研究染色体损伤。结果显示G2期细胞内的染色单体和等点染色单体断裂数与照射剂量之间存在着线性相关性,染色单体断裂数与细胞存活率之间存在较好的线性相关性。表明辐射诱导的染色单体断裂可以作为预测SMMC-7721细胞内在辐射敏感性的指标,也可为临床诊断和治疗肝癌提供依据。

G2期早熟染色体凝集技术预测肝癌细胞低LET射线辐射敏感性(英文)

　应用60Co产生的γ射线照射人肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721,以克隆形成法测定经照射后的细胞存活率,用化学诱导剂Calyculin-A.诱导的早熟染色体凝集技术研究染色体损伤.结果显示G2期细胞内的染色单体和等点染色单体断裂数与照射剂量之间存在着线性相关性,染色单体断裂数与细胞存活率之间存在较好的线性相关性.表明辐射诱导的染色单体断裂可以作为预测SMMC-7721细胞内在辐射敏感性的指标,也可为临床诊断和治疗肝癌提供依据.