Pertinencia de los lineamientos curriculares en los textos escolares del área de electricidad y electrónica de los colegios oficiales, modalidad técnica, en Bogotá, para el ciclo quinto de formación media

Tesis (Maestría en Docencia). -- Universidad de la Salle. Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación. Maestría en Docencia, 2015

Diseño de un sistema de adquisición y visualización de los resultados, con base en el diagnóstico de los requisitos técnicos de la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2005, en la medición de la variable presión atmosférica en el Ideam

Tesis (Ingeniero(a) en Automatización).--Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ingeniería. Programa de Ingeniería en Automatización, 2014

Avaliação do potencial de Tillandsia recurvata (L.) L., Bromeliaceae, como bioindicadora da poluição atmosférica urbana

Air pollution can threat the environment and public health, and is assess by pollutant ́s concentration measurements in order to verify whether the limits set by environmental agencies are being respected. However, these measures do not indicate immediately the impacts to living beings. To faced this problem, plants are been investigated as potential bioindicators of air pollution and, among them, stand out bromeliads Tillandsia genus which colonize various substrates,. obtaining water and nutrients from the atmosphere directly. In this context, this research assessed the potential of epiphytic bromeliad Tillandsia recurvata (L.) L. found in urbanized areas of the city of Curitiba - PR as a bioindicator of urban air pollution. According to vehicle traffic, five sample points were selected and classified. Points P1 and P2 were classified as high-traffic vehicle due presenting trucks and urban transport; point P3 was classified as moderate traffic due the predominance of private vehicles and urban transport; and points P4 and P5 were classified as low-traffic, presenting circulation of private vehicles only. There were analyzed the abundance of T. recurvata, morphophysiological parameters (leaf area, leaf specific area, sclerophylly index, percentage dry weight / fresh weight, chlorophyll (a + b), analysis of structural mesophyll organization) and the heavy metals accumulation (Fe, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn). The abundance analysis and the results obtained for metals analysis were correlated with the intensity of vehicular traffic, directing the sampling points P1 > P2 = P3 > P4 = P5. This result demonstrate that the abundance of T. recurvata is greater in urban air pollution impacted areas, thus indicating that T. recurvata absorbs and accumulates metals and can be used in biomonitoring of urban air pollution in areas impacted by vehicular traffic. Morphophysiological parameters analyzed shows that the internal plant ́s structure is not significantly impacted by urban air pollution due plant ́s adptations. The presence of absorbing scales, the CAM metabolism pathway and it ́s store water ability, among other features, demonstrate their potential as bio-indicator in urban areas, especially regarding heavy metals accumulation .

Condições metereológicas sinópticas e de mesoscala durante episódios de poluição atmosférica por matéria particulada na área da grande Lisboa

O presente estudo analisa a associação entre partículas inaláveis (PM10) à superfície e determinadas situações meteorológicas, com base em dados (1999-2003) de concentração de partículas finas e grosseiras de estações de qualidade do ar da região de Lisboa e observações meteorológicas. Associaram-se os episódios de poluição a situações sinópticas, com base em cartas de superfície do modelo do Centro Europeu de previsão a médio prazo (ECMWF). Os episódios que ocorrem com maior frequência no Inverno estão associados a um anticiclone. Depressões de origem térmica e vales que se estendem do Norte de África ocorrem poucas vezes, mas a probabilidade de se verificar um episódio com essas situações é elevada. Para cinco destes episódios analisaram-se campos do modelo ECMWF (escala sinóptica) e do modelo ALADIN (mesoscala). As elevadas concentrações de partículas associadas aos episódios estudados resultaram de uma forte influência do nível850 hPa, corroborados pelo modelo de retro-trajectórias do KNMI. ABSTRACT; The present study analyses the relationship between particles (PM10) and specific meteorological patterns based on fine and coarse particles concentration data (1999 to 2003) from the Lisbon area air quality network and meteorological observations. Associations were established between PM10 events and synoptic patterns based on surface fields from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) Model. Winter events occur mainly under high pressure conditions. Thermal lows and troughs over North Africa affecting the lberian Península occur less frequently; however, the probability of a PM event with this synoptic pattern is high. Meteorological fields from the ECMWF model (synoptic scale) and the ALADIN model (mesoscale) were analyzed for five of these episodes. The 850 hPa level is quite relevant for determining high PM10 concentrations at the surface, as confirmed by KNMI trajectory model.

Metodología de huella ecológica: Cálculo de factores de productividad energética para la generación de electricidad a partir de geotermía en El Salvador

La huella ecológica mide los impactos que produce una población expresados en cantidad de terreno bioproductivo relacionando consumos y productividades, en este sentido, permite planificar acciones encaminadas a la planeación de estrategias orientadas a lograr la sostenibilidad ambiental. Las energías generadas a partir de combustibles de origen no fósil se encuentran siendo potenciadas en El Salvador, la geotermía es una de ellas, ésta presentó el 13% de la capacidad instalada en el año 2013 con proyecciones que ascienden al 20% al año 2018, sobre la base anterior, se presenta una metodología de cálculo de factores de productividad energética para geotermía regida por los lineamientos de huella ecológica la cual se construyó tomando como base investigaciones sobre ese mismo rubro en otras energías de origen no fósil. La metodología de cálculo sugiere realizar un inventario de generación de electricidad y superficie bioproductiva, para cuantificar el valor de los factores de productividad

Control de la contaminación atmosférica

Este manual tiene como finalidad desarrollar en el estudiante los criterios necesarios para abordar el diseño y la selección de las diversas tecnologías existentes para el control de la contaminación del aire. Asimismo, permite comprender de una manera más práctica los conocimientos adquiridos en la teoría y adquirir destreza en el laboratorio, en el manejo de equipos y datos experimentales, y en la elaboración de informes. El manual está diseñado para complementar los principios sobre ventilación industrial y equipos de control estudiados en la asignatura Control de la Contaminación Atmosférica, al igual que desarrolla las habilidades necesarias en este campo para que en el futuro, el desempeño del profesional contribuya con el mejoramiento de los recursos naturales renovables y del ambiente en los diferentes procesos industriales.

Proyecto de las instalaciones de electricidad, ventilación y incendios en un bloque de viviendas situado en Bergara

El presente Proyecto tiene como finalidad fundamental el estudio y dimensionado, así como la legalización de las instalaciones eléctricas en baja tensión de un nuevo bloque de 12 viviendas distribuidas en un portal, y la desclasificación del garaje mediante el estudio de ventilación del mismo en base al Reglamento electrotécnico para baja tensión e Instrucciones técnicas complementarias y diseñar las instalaciones de incendios. Real Decreto 842/2002, de 2 de Agosto de 2002.

Programa de Control de Emisiones Vehiculares y la contaminación atmosférica

De acuerdo al proyecto de Análisis Comparativo de Riesgos (ACR) y solicitado por la Comisión Centroamericana de Ambiente y Desarrollo, que estudia llevar a cabo acciones en la región, Costa Rica obtiene el mayor puntaje en contaminación del aire.El Consejo de Seguridad Vial, en 1986, intentó controlar la contaminación vehicular pero sin éxito, aunque desde abril de 1982 ya se había elaborado el decreto No. 13470-T para realizar legalmente esa labor. Aun, la anterior ley de Tránsito de 1976 multaba los excesos a los límites máximos de contaminación en su art. 111-g. Por ejemplo el índice de opacidad que se estableció desde 1976 es un estándar de emisión establecido en 50 UH (UnidadesHartridge, densidad del humo) para los autobuses y demás vehículos a diesel, es la misma norma que rige en el reglamento recién publicado.

Viabilidad financiera para la modernizaci?n de los quipos de acceso de la red de telecomunicaciones del Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad en el Corredor Este-Oeste del Gran ?rea Metropolitana

Universidad de Costa Rica. Posgrado en Administraci?n y Direcci?n de Empresas. Maestr?a Profesional en Administraci?n y Direcci?n de Empresas con ?nfasis en Finanzas, 2014

Evaluaci?n y an?lisis de la percepci?n del nivel de satisfacci?n del cliente, del servicio de atenci?n brindado en la Agencia de Lim?n del Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad, para diagnosticar y establecer estrategias de mejora en la captaci?n de nuevos clientes y retenci?n de los existentes

Universidad de Costa Rica. Posgrado en Administraci?n y Direcci?n de Empresas. Maestr?a Profesional en Administraci?n y Direcci?n de Empresas, 2015

Avaliação térmica dos resíduos da destilação atmosférica das blendas - biodiesel/diesel

The worldwide concern regarding the use of sustainable energy and preserving the environment are determining factors in the search for resources and alternative sources of energy and therefore fuel less aggressive nature. In response to these difficulties Biodiesel has emerged as a good solution because it is produced from renewable sources, produces burns cleaner and is easily reproducible. This work was synthesized with biodiesel oil, sunflower via homogeneous catalysis in the presence of KOH, with and without the use of BHT and subsequently added to the blends BX (a proportion of biodiesel X = 5, 10, 15 and 20 %). Atmospheric distillation of the analysis, performed in blends with and without BHT were collected residue generated by each sample and performed a study heat from the thermogravimetric analysis at a heating rate of 10 °C*min-1, nitrogen atmosphere and heating to 600 °C. According to the specifications of Resolution N 7/2008 for biodiesel, it was found that the synthesized material was in accordance with the specifications. For blends showed that the samples are in accordance with the Resolution of ANP N 42/2009. From the TG / DTG curves of the samples of biodiesel, blends and waste can be seen that these show a single loss of thermal decomposition concerning constituents present in each sample. The blends without BHT with ratios of 5%, 10% and 15% biodiesel showed a lower amount of waste (1,07%; 1,09% e 1,10%) to mineral diesel (1,15%). Therefore, it is concluded that the addition of biodiesel with diesel mineral can improve some physico-chemical parameters, but also, depending on the added amount, decreasing the amount of waste generated. This fact is of great importance because the carbonaceous residue can cause problems in mechanical equipment and parts for vehicles, causing more frequent maintenance, and this is not desirable

Estudo térmico dos resíduos gerados da destilação atmosférica das misturas diesel/biodiesel de dendê

The growing world demand for energy supplied by fossil fuels, a major contributor to the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere and causing environmental problems, has been encouraging governments and international organizations to reflect and encourage the use of alternative renewable sources. Among these new possibilities deserves attention biodiesel, fuel cleaner and easy to reproduce. The study of new technologies involving that source is necessary. From this context, the paper aims at analyzing the thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis, of the waste generated from atmospheric distillation of mixtures with ratios of 5, 10, 15 and 20% palm biodiesel in diesel with and without addition of BHT antioxidant. It was synthesized biodiesel through palm oil, via homogeneous catalysis in the presence of KOH, with and without the use of BHT and subsequently added to the diesel common indoor type (S1800) from a gas station BR. The diesel was already added with 5% biodiesel, and thus the proportions used for these blends were subtracted from the existing ratio in diesel fuel, resulting in the following proportions palm oil biodiesel: 0% (B5), 5% (B10), 10 % (B15) and 15% (B20). From atmospheric distillation analysis, performed in mixtures with and without BHT were collected residue generated by each sample and performed a thermal study from the thermogravimetric analysis at a heating rate of 10 °C.min-1, nitrogen atmosphere and heating to 600 ° C. According to the specifications of Resolution No. 7/2008 for biodiesel, it was found that the material was synthesized in accordance with the specifications. For mixtures, it was noted that the samples were in accordance with the ANP Resolution No. 42/2009. Given the TG / DTG curves of the samples of waste mixtures with and without BHT antioxidant was able to observe that they showed a single stage of thermal decomposition attributed to decomposition of heavy hydrocarbons and esters and other heavier constituents of the waste sample weighed. The thermal behavior of residues from atmospheric distillation of mixtures of diesel / biodiesel is very important to understand how this affects the proper functioning of the engine. A large amount of waste can generate a high content of particulate material, coke formation and carbonaceous deposits in engine valves, compromising their performance