Characterization of North Carolina commercial fisheries with occasional interactions with marine mammals

In accordance with the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA, 16 U.S.c. et seq.), the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) is required to publish an annual List of Fisheries (LOF) which categorizes U.S. commercial fisheries based on their level of interaction with marine mammals. The objective of this document is to provide a characterization of the six 2001 MMPA Category II commercial fisheries (i.e., those with occasional interactions with marine mammals) in North Carolina (NC). This report outlines the history, fishing method and gear configurations (using the U.S. system of measurement), primary target species, temporal and spatial characteristics including trip and landing statistics, and monthly variations in species composition for each fishery for a five-year period (1995 - 1999). (PDF contains 63 pages)

Una nueva aproximación a la síntesis de heterociclos pirrolofusionados basada en la reacción de amidación de alquinos asistida por el reactivo de yodo hipervalente PIFA

458 p.

Currents observed in Panama Bay during September-October 1958

ENGLISH: During the period extending from late August to early October 1958 the United States Navy Hydrographic Office (now the United States Oceanographic Office) undertook a program of current observations in the western part of Panama Bay. The specifications of the survey called for half-hourly monitoring of currents at three depths at each of six locations, one for thirty days and five for five days. Although not all these objectives were realized because of instrument malfunctions and failures, sufficient data were collected at five stations to provide a fairly detailed description of the current pattern as it existed at the times of observation. This report is concerned first with a discussion of those data and the procedures used to reduce them to the tidal and net current components and second, with the effects on the current pattern of tidal amplitude, bottom topography and bottom friction. SPANISH: Durante el período entre fines de agosto y principios de octubre de 1958, la United States Navy Hydrographic Office (ahora la United States Navy Oceanographic Office) tomó a su cargo un programa para observar las corrientes en la parte occidental de la Bahía de Panamá. De acuerdo con las especificaciones del proyecto, las observaciones de las corrientes debían hacerse cada media hora a tres profundidades en cada una de seis localidades; en una de ellas durante treinta días yen las otras cinco durante cinco días. A pesar de que no todos estos objetivos fueron cumplidos a causa del mal funcionamiento y fallas instrumentales, se recogieron suficientes datos en cinco estaciones, como para proporcionar una descripción bastante detallada de la pauta de las corrientes, tal como existía durante las observaciones. Este informe se refiere, primero, al análisis y examen de dichos datos y a los procedimientos empleados para reducir éstos a los componentes de las corrientes netas y a los componentes de las corrientes durante la mareas, y segundo, al efecto que tienen sobre la pauta de las corrientes la fluctuación de las mareas, la topografía del fondo y la fricción del fondo.

Instability Analysis Of Torsional Mems/Nems Actuators Under Capillary Force

The static and dynamic instabilities of a torsional MEMS/NEMS actuator caused by capillary effects are studied, respectively. An instability number, eta, is defined, and the critical gap distance, g(cr), between the mainplate and the substrate is derived. According to the values of eta and g, the instability criteria of the actuator are presented. The dimensionless motion equation of the MEMS/NEMS torsional actuator is derived when it makes nonlinear oscillation under capillary force. The qualitative analysis of the nonlinear equation is made, and the phase portraits are presented on the phase plane. In addition, the bifurcation phenomena in the system are also analyzed. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Leyendo el género: Mariasun Landa

[ES] Este artículo aborda los resultados de un estudio sobre la obra de Mariasun Landa, llevado a cabo en la Escuela Universitaria de Vitoria-Gasteiz, con el objetivo de detectar la presencia del género en la obra de la autora vasca a través de los estudiantes de la asignatura de Didáctica de la Lengua y la Literatura y profesores expertos en dicha autora. Nuestra investigación trata de determinar hasta qué punto se subsume en las lecturas realizadas por los estudiantes investigados, la presencia de la autora y su imaginario femenino.

飞秒激光对高反膜的破坏及其超快动力学过程

研究了800nm飞秒激光照射下45°高反膜ZrO2—SiO2的破坏及其超快动力学过程。利用原子力显微镜和扫描电镜观察了材料的烧蚀形貌，测量了破坏阈值与脉冲宽度、烧蚀深度与脉冲能量的依赖关系。随着脉冲宽度从50fs增加到900fs，其烧蚀阈值从0．35J／cm^2增加到1．78J／cm^2。烧蚀深度与激光能流密度近似成对数关系。当激光强度略高于烧蚀阈值时，材料很快被烧蚀到几百纳米，烧蚀深度表现出明显的层状特性。同时，利用建立的抽运-探针实验系统，测量了高强度抽运脉冲作用下材料对探针光的反射率随延迟时间的变化

载波包络相位(CEP)稳定的可调谐红外参量激光

采用两级光学参量放大产生了相位稳定的可调谐红外参量激光。由800nm激光泵浦,输出闲置光波长可在1.3μm与2.3μm之间调谐。当输入泵浦能量为6mJ时,闲置光在1.6μm处达到最大输出能量,高于1mJ。在大于1h的时间内,闲置光的CEP变化小于150mrad(均方根值)。

真核细胞微管内产生宏观量子叠加态可能性的探讨

微管是细胞骨架中的重要组成部分和功能组件,其中充满了液体水.大量水分子与电磁场的相互耦合,微管中的非相干的、与热有关的和无序的分子运动,激发大量水分子从基态到激发态并转化为有序的集体电磁相干辐射.水是Kerr介质,自然在水分子系统中存在非线性极化的Kerr效应.本文相干态在其中传播时随着时间的变化可以演化为宏观量子叠加态.

I. The 3.7 Å crystal structure of horse heart ferricytochrome C. II. The application of the Karle-Hauptman tangent formula to protein phasing

I. The 3.7 Å Crystal Structure of Horse Heart Ferricytochrome C.

The crystal structure of horse heart ferricytochrome c has been determined to a resolution of 3.7 Å using the multiple isomorphous replacement technique. Two isomorphous derivatives were used in the analysis, leading to a map with a mean figure of merit of 0.458. The quality of the resulting map was extremely high, even though the derivative data did not appear to be of high quality.

Although it was impossible to fit the known amino acid sequence to the calculated structure in an unambiguous way, many important features of the molecule could still be determined from the 3.7 Å electron density map. Among these was the fact that cytochrome c contains little or no α-helix. The polypeptide chain appears to be wound about the heme group in such a way as to form a loosely packed hydrophobic core in the molecule.

The heme group is located in a cleft on the molecule with one edge exposed to the solvent. The fifth coordinating ligand is His 18 and the sixth coordinating ligand is probably neither His 26 nor His 33.

The high resolution analysis of cytochrome c is now in progress and should be completed within the next year.

II. The Application of the Karle-Hauptman Tangent Formula to Protein Phasing.

The Karle-Hauptman tangent formula has been shown to be applicable to the refinement of previously determined protein phases. Tests were made with both the cytochrome c data from Part I and a theoretical structure based on the myoglobin molecule. The refinement process was found to be highly dependent upon the manner in which the tangent formula was applied. Iterative procedures did not work well, at least at low resolution.

The tangent formula worked very well in selecting the true phase from the two possible phase choices resulting from a single isomorphous replacement phase analysis. The only restriction on this application is that the heavy atoms form a non-centric cluster in the unit cell.

Pages 156 through 284 in this Thesis consist of previously published papers relating to the above two sections. References to these papers can be found on page 155.

Infrared-to-visible upconversion flurescence of Er3+/Yb3+-codoped bismuthate glasses

Er3+/Yb3+-codoped bismuthate glasses for developing potential upconversion lasers have been fabricated and characterized. The optimal Yb3+ doping content was investigated in the glasses with different Yb3+-Er3+ concentration ratios and the optimal Yb3+-Er3+ concentration ratio is 5:1. Under 975 nm excitation, intense green and red emissions centered at 525, 546 and 657 nm, corresponding to the transitions H-2(11/2) -> I-4(15/2), S-4(3/2) -> I-4(15/2) and F-4(9/2) -> I-4(15/2), respectively, were observed at room temperature. The quadratic dependence of the 525, 546 and 657 nm emissions on excitation power indicates that a two-photon absorption process occurs under 975 nm excitation. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.