掺杂Ce~(3+)的碱土氟化物功能材料的研究

Ce~(3+)是唯一d→f跃迁发光的三价稀土离子，4f层上只有一个电子，特征发射为d→~2F_(7/2)和d→~2F_(5/2)跃迁的两宽带，而d带受晶体场和共价性的影响较大，随基质类型和结构的不同，其d带下限上下移动，发光颜色便可以从紫外变成红色。另外，由于Ce~(3+)的发射光谱具有较宽的能量分布，因此，它又是一种良好的敏化剂。除此之外，由于Ce~(3+)具有较短的衰减时间(ns级)和超短余辉特性，所以Ce~(3+)激活的碱土氟化物和纯CeF_3又可望成为一种新型的无机闪烁体材料。过去，人们已对Ce~(3+)在不同类型的基质中的光谱性质和与其它离子间的能量传递现象进行了大量的研究，从中探讨了各种化学环境对Ce~(3+)的光谱特性的影响规律，并开发了一些新的功能材料，并在发光材料、超短余辉材料方面得到了应用，为了进一步探寻Ce~(3+)激活的物质在固体可调谐激光材料，闪烁体材料以及其它功能材料方面的潜在应用，进一步探索化学因素对Ce~(3+)的光谱特征的影响规律，我们选择碱土氟化物及复合氟化物作基质进行了研究。运用高温固相扩散反应用的方法合成了一系列掺杂不同浓度的Ce~(3+)的碱土氟化物及复合氟化物粉末样品，用stockbarger法生长了CaF_2:xCeF_3、CeF_3、KMgF_3Ce~(3+)、BaMgF_4:xCe~(3+)等单晶，探索了各自的生长工艺和条件，用X－射线粉末衍射仪及X－射线四园衍射仪分别对粉末样品及单晶的结构进行了检测，并运用不同激发源的荧光光谱仪测定了各样品的激发和发射光谱。在一系列碱土氟化物复合氟化物基质中着重研究了晶体场和共价性对Ce~(3+)的光谱性质的影响，指出了Ce~(3+)的发射峰值与取代阳离子，邻位阳离子的离子半径和电负性大小的关系；系统地研究了碱土氟化物及复合氟化物中Ce~(3+)的电荷补偿途径与发射中心的关系问题，明确指出：氟化物及复合氟化物基质中极易自发混入O~(2-)，充当电荷补偿剂，形成相对于Ce_F中心的发射峰位红移的新的发射中心，即“Ce-O”中心。在CaF_2:xCe~(3+)系列粉末样品中，通过对其光谱性质的研究发现了三种发射中心“Ce-F”、“Ce-O”中心和V_k色心，探讨了三者的转化规律，并证明了三种发射中心的产生都是不同的电荷补偿途径所致，且探讨了不同阳离子电荷补偿剂对 Ce~(3+)的光谱影响情况，指出了与Ce~(3+)半径相近的Na补偿效果最好。同时，我们还研究了CaF-2基质中Ce~(3+)的两发射中心（“Ce-F”、“Ce-O” ）与Tb~(3+)之间的能量传递现象，发现能量传递的效果及方向皆有一定的区别。在KMgF_3:Ce~(3+)中，通过单晶的生长，并用X－射线四园衍射仪的检测及光谱化学的方法，研究了Ce~(3+)在KMgF_3中的取代格位，推测Ce~(3+)只能占据KMgF_3中K~+的格位。在BaMgF_4:xCe~(3+)中，系统研究了合成温度，Ce~(3+)的掺杂浓度对其结构与光谱性能的影响情况，指出：不同的发射峰不是Ce~(3+)所占据的格位不同所致，而是不同的电荷补偿途径所导致的。合成温度和掺杂浓度越高，越有利于Ce_O中心的形成。通过研究CaF_2:Ce~(3+)单晶的γ辐照效应，我们发现：辐照剂量增加至一定的时候，在465nm处出现一新的发射带峰，且与原来固有的385nm处的发射带峰的强度比的对数随辐照剂量的增加而线性增加，重复性好，且恢复性能好。这为CaF_2:Ce~(3+)单晶作为一种大剂量的γ辐照剂量元件提供了一定的实验依据和可能性。另外，我们还研究了CaF_3, BaF_2:xCe~(3+)单晶的光谱性能与闪烁性能，丰富了这方面已有的实验数据，进一步证明了CeF_3具有快速闪烁性能；BaF_2:xCe~(3+)单晶与纯BaF_2相比，BaF_2本身的快、慢成份皆消失，而产生Ce~(3+)自身的5d→4f跃迁发射，其主导衰减时间与Ce~(3+)的浓度有关，即反比关系。BaF_2:Ce~(3+)闪烁体可望得到应用。

CERIUM SILICIDE FORMATION IN THIN CE SI MULTILAYER FILMS

Alternating layers of Si(200 angstrom thick) and Ce(200 angstrom thick) up to 26 layers altogether were deposited by electron evaporation under ultrahigh vacuum conditions on Si(100) substrate held at 150-degrees-C. Isothermal, rapid thermal annealing has been used to react these Ce-Si multilayer films. A variety of analytical techniques has been used to study these multilayer films after annealing, and among these are Auger electron spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering, X-ray diffraction, and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Intermixing of these thin Ce-Si multilayer films has occurred at temperatures as low as 150-degrees-C for 2 h, when annealed. Increasing the annealing temperature from 150 to 400-degrees-C for 1 h, CeSi2 forms gradually and the completion of reaction occurs at approximately 300-400-degrees-C. During the formation of CeSi2 from 150-400-degrees-C, there is some evidence for small grains in the selected area diffraction patterns, indicating that CeSi2 crystallites were present in some regions. However, we have no conclusive evidence for the formation of epitaxial CeSi2 layers, only polycrystals were formed when reacted in the solid phase even after rapid thermal anneal at 900-degrees-C for 10 s. The formation mechanism has also been discussed in combining the results of the La-Si system.

La,Ce及Nd稀土金属硅化物的生成

于2010-11-23批量导入

Ce-Si多层膜中铈硅化物的形成

国家自然科学基金

A novel high sensitivity CE-PTHPT for optical fiber communication

Planar punch through heterojunction phototransistors with a novel emitter control electrode and ion- implanted isolation (CE-PTHPT) are investigated. The phototransistors have a working voltage of 3-10V and high sensitivity at low input power. The base of the transistor is completely depleted under operating condition. Base current is zero. The CE-PTHPT has an increased speed and a decreased noise. The novel CE-PTHPT has been fabricated in this paper. The optical gain of GaAlAs/GaAs CE-PTHPT for the incident light power 1.3 and 43nw with the wavelength of 0.8 mu m reached 1260 and 8108. The input noise current calculated is 5.46 x 10(-16) A/H-z(1/2). For polysilicon emitter CE-PTHPT, the optical gain is 3083 at the input power of 0.174 mu w. The optical gain of InGaAs/InP CE-PTHPT reaches 350 for an incident power of 0.3 mu w at the wavelength of 1.55 mu m. The CE-PTHPT detectors is promising as photo detectors for optical fiber communication system.

Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopic and magnetic studies of R3Fe29-xVx (R = Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, and Dy)

Mossbauer spectra for Fe atoms in the series of R3Fe29-xVx (R = Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, and Dy) compounds were collected at 4.2 K. The ratio of 14.5 T/mu(B) between the average hyperfine field B-hf and the average Fe magnetic moment mu(Fe)(MS), obtained from our data, in Y3Fe29-xVx is in agreement with that deduced from the RxTy alloys by Gubbens et al. The average Fe magnetic moments mu(Fe)(MS) in these compounds at 4.2 K, deduced from our Mossbauer spectroscopic studies, are in accord with the results of magnetization measurement. The average hyperfine field of the Fe sites for R3Fe29-xVx at 4.2 K increases with increasing values of the rare earth effective spin (g(J) - 1) J, which indicates that there exists a transferred spin polarization induced by the neighboring rare earth atom.

Mossbauer spectroscopy study of Fe-57 in R3Fe29-xTx (R=Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb and Dy; T=V and Cr)

Fe-57 Mossbauer spectra for the Fe atoms in the R3Fe29-xTx (R=Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy; T=V, Cr) compounds were collected at 4.2 K. The analysis of Mossbauer spectra was based on the results of magnetization and neutron powder diffraction measurements. The average Fe magnetic moments at 4.2 K, deduced from our data, are in accord with magnetization measurements. The average hyperfine field of Tb3Fe29-xCrx (x=1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0) decreases with increasing Cr concentration, which is also in accordance with the variation of the average Fe magnetic moment in the Tb3Fe29-xCrx compounds.

Crystallographic and magnetic properties of hydride R3Fe29-xTxHy (R=Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb and Dy; T=V and Cr)

The crystallographic and intrinsic magnetic properties of hydride R3Fe29-xTxHy (R=Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, and Dy; T=V and Cr) have been investigated. The lattice constants and the unit cell volume of R3Fe29-xTxHy decrease with increasing R atomic number from Nd to Dy, except for Ce, reflecting the lanthanide contraction. Regular anisotropic expansions, mainly along the a- and b-axis rather than along the c-axis, are observed for all the compounds upon hydrogenation. Hydrogenation leads to an increase in Curie temperature. First-order magnetization processes (FOMP) occur in magnetic fields of around 1.5 T and 4.0 T at 4.2 K for Nd3Fe24.5Cr4.5H5.0 and Tb(3)Fc(27.0)Cr(2.0)H(2.8), and around 1.4 T at room temperature for Gd3Fe28.0Cr1.0H4.2 Abnormal crystallographic and magnetic properties of Ce3Fe29-xTxHy suggest that the Ce ion is non-triply ionized.