Imagem por ressonância magnética da vasculatura da pele humana : viabilidade no contexto clínico

Imagiologia por Ressonância Magnética (IRM) é uma modalidade de imagem médica que está a recuperar o interesse como uma técnica não invasiva no estudo da pele. Tipicamente campos magnéticos de elevada densidade e quipamentos específicos são usados. Este facto limita o usos da técnica a laboratórios e centros de investigação especializados. Neste trabalho estudou-se a viabilidade do uso da IRM no estudo da pele e da sua vasculatura usando equipamento convencional disponível em contexto clínico. Sequências IRM para imagem estrutural e veascular foram optimizadas e testadas para obtenção de imagens da pele do punho de 6 voluntários saudáveis. As sequências observáveis dos vasos, razão sinal-ruído, e razão contraste-ruído. Foi observado que duas sequências volumétricas baseadas em eco de gradiente e com ponderações T1 e T2 forneciam informação complementar em respeito à vasculatura da pele com resoluções espaciais da ordem dos micrómetros, podendo ainda esta informação ser fundida com imagens estruturais das cadamas da pele. Foi igualmente observado que estas sequências fornecem informação útil usando equipamento convencional e perspectiva-se a sua utilização no estudo das vasculatura de tumores cutâneos e na doença vascular periférica.

Imagem por Ressonância Magnética : uma ferramenta poderosa para a Engenharia de Tecidos. Uma revisão atualizada

A Engenharia de Tecidos (ET) é uma área de investigação crescente que se direciona à criação de substitutos biológicos funcionais para vários tecidos do corpo humano. Requer condições específicas favoráveis para a regeneração de tecidos, e o resultado do tecido engenheirado deve ser avaliado objetivamente. A Imagem por Ressonância Magnética (IRM) é uma das técnicas mais promissoras para este efeito. Esta revisão discute as publicações mais recentes acerca das várias técnicas baseadas na IRM disponíveis para a avaliação de tecidos engenheirados e as presentes aplicações da IRM na ET.

O Bom Selvagem e o Boçal: argumentos de Vieira em torno à imagem do “índio boçal”

Com base nos trabalhos de Frank Lestringant, que estudam a formação da imagem calvinista do Bom Selvagem, considera-se a imagem altamente funcional do índio boçal pelos jesuítas portugueses e, em particular, nos sermões do jesuíta Antonio Vieira (1608-1697).

MPJ express: Towards thread safe Java HPC

MPJ Express is a thread-safe Java messaging library that provides a full implementation of the mpiJava 1.2 API specification. This specification defines a MPI-like bindings for the Java language. We have implemented two communication devices as part of our library, the first, called niodev is based on the Java New I/O package and the second, called mxdev is based on the Myrinet eXpress library MPJ Express comes with an experimental runtitne, which allows portable bootstrapping of Java Virtual Machines across a cluster or network of computers. In this paper we describe the implementation of MPJ Express. Also, we present a performance comparison against various other C and Java messaging systems. A beta version of MPJ Express was released in September 2005.

Parallel and distributed computing with Java

The Java language first came to public attention in 1995. Within a year, it was being speculated that Java may be a good language for parallel and distributed computing. Its core features, including being objected oriented and platform independence, as well as having built-in network support and threads, has encouraged this view. Today, Java is being used in almost every type of computer-based system, ranging from sensor networks to high performance computing platforms, and from enterprise applications through to complex research-based.simulations. In this paper the key features that make Java a good language for parallel and distributed computing are first discussed. Two Java-based middleware systems, namely MPJ Express, an MPI-like Java messaging system, and Tycho, a wide-area asynchronous messaging framework with an integrated virtual registry are then discussed. The paper concludes by highlighting the advantages of using Java as middleware to support distributed applications.

MPJ express meets gadget: towards a java code for cosmological simulations

Gadget-2 is a massively parallel structure formation code for cosmological simulations. In this paper, we present a Java version of Gadget-2. We evaluated the performance of the Java version by running colliding galaxies simulation and found that it can achieve around 70% of C Gadget-2's performance.

A buffering layer to support derived types and proprietary networks for Java HPC

MPJ Express is our implementation of MPI-like bindings for Java. In this paper we discuss our intermediate buffering layer that makes use of the so-called direct byte buffers introduced in the Java New I/O package. The purpose of this layer is to support the implementation of derived datatypes. MPJ Express is the first Java messaging library that implements this feature using pure Java. In addition, this buffering layer allows efficient implementation of communication devices based on proprietary networks such as Myrinet. In this paper we evaluate the performance of our buffering layer and demonstrate the usefulness of direct byte buffers. Also, we evaluate the performance of MPJ Express against other messaging systems using Myrinet and show that our buffering layer has made it possible to avoid the overheads suffered by other Java systems such as mpiJava that relies on the Java Native Interface.

A buffering layer to support derived types and proprietary networks for Java HPC

MPJ Express is our implementation of MPI-like bindings for Java. In this paper we discuss our intermediate buffering layer that makes use of the so-called direct byte buffers introduced in the Java New I/O package. The purpose of this layer is to support the implementation of derived datatypes. MPJ Express is the first Java messaging library that implements this feature using pure Java. In addition, this buffering layer allows efficient implementation of communication devices based on proprietary networks such as Myrinet. In this paper we evaluate the performance of our buffering layer and demonstrate the usefulness of direct byte buffers. Also, we evaluate the performance of MPJ Express against other messaging systems using Myrinet and show that our buffering layer has made it possible to avoid the overheads suffered by other Java systems such as mpiJava that relies on the Java Native Interface.

Nested parallelism for multi-core HPC systems using Java

Since its introduction in 1993, the Message Passing Interface (MPI) has become a de facto standard for writing High Performance Computing (HPC) applications on clusters and Massively Parallel Processors (MPPs). The recent emergence of multi-core processor systems presents a new challenge for established parallel programming paradigms, including those based on MPI. This paper presents a new Java messaging system called MPJ Express. Using this system, we exploit multiple levels of parallelism - messaging and threading - to improve application performance on multi-core processors. We refer to our approach as nested parallelism. This MPI-like Java library can support nested parallelism by using Java or Java OpenMP (JOMP) threads within an MPJ Express process. Practicality of this approach is assessed by porting to Java a massively parallel structure formation code from Cosmology called Gadget-2. We introduce nested parallelism in the Java version of the simulation code and report good speed-ups. To the best of our knowledge it is the first time this kind of hybrid parallelism is demonstrated in a high performance Java application. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A comparative study of Java and C performance in two large-scale parallel applications

In the 1990s the Message Passing Interface Forum defined MPI bindings for Fortran, C, and C++. With the success of MPI these relatively conservative languages have continued to dominate in the parallel computing community. There are compelling arguments in favour of more modern languages like Java. These include portability, better runtime error checking, modularity, and multi-threading. But these arguments have not converted many HPC programmers, perhaps due to the scarcity of full-scale scientific Java codes, and the lack of evidence for performance competitive with C or Fortran. This paper tries to redress this situation by porting two scientific applications to Java. Both of these applications are parallelized using our thread-safe Java messaging system—MPJ Express. The first application is the Gadget-2 code, which is a massively parallel structure formation code for cosmological simulations. The second application uses the finite-domain time-difference method for simulations in the area of computational electromagnetics. We evaluate and compare the performance of the Java and C versions of these two scientific applications, and demonstrate that the Java codes can achieve performance comparable with legacy applications written in conventional HPC languages. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Experimental comparison of the comprehensibility of a Z specification and its implementation in Java

Comprehensibility is often raised as a problem with formal notations, yet formal methods practitioners dispute this. In a survey, one interviewee said 'formal specifications are no more difficult to understand than code'. Measurement of comprehension is necessarily comparative and a useful comparison for a specification is against its implementation. Practitioners have an intuitive feel for the comprehension of code. A quantified comparison will transfer this feeling to formal specifications. We performed an experiment to compare the comprehension of a Z specification with that of its implementation in Java. The results indicate there is little difference in comprehensibility between the two. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Jpowder: a Java-based program for the display and examination of powder diffraction data

The ability to display and inspect powder diffraction data quickly and efficiently is a central part of the data analysis process. Whilst many computer programs are capable of displaying powder data, their focus is typically on advanced operations such as structure solution or Rietveld refinement. This article describes a lightweight software package, Jpowder, whose focus is fast and convenient visualization and comparison of powder data sets in a variety of formats from computers with network access. Jpowder is written in Java and uses its associated Web Start technology to allow ‘single-click deployment’ from a web page, http://www.jpowder.org. Jpowder is open source, free and available for use by anyone.

Upgrading a TCABR data analysis and acquisition system for remote participation using Java, XML, RCP and modern client/server communication/authentication

The TCABR data analysis and acquisition system has been upgraded to support a joint research programme using remote participation technologies. The architecture of the new system uses Java language as programming environment. Since application parameters and hardware in a joint experiment are complex with a large variability of components, requirements and specification solutions need to be flexible and modular, independent from operating system and computer architecture. To describe and organize the information on all the components and the connections among them, systems are developed using the extensible Markup Language (XML) technology. The communication between clients and servers uses remote procedure call (RPC) based on the XML (RPC-XML technology). The integration among Java language, XML and RPC-XML technologies allows to develop easily a standard data and communication access layer between users and laboratories using common software libraries and Web application. The libraries allow data retrieval using the same methods for all user laboratories in the joint collaboration, and the Web application allows a simple graphical user interface (GUI) access. The TCABR tokamak team in collaboration with the IPFN (Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade Tecnica de Lisboa) is implementing this remote participation technologies. The first version was tested at the Joint Experiment on TCABR (TCABRJE), a Host Laboratory Experiment, organized in cooperation with the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) in the framework of the IAEA Coordinated Research Project (CRP) on ""Joint Research Using Small Tokamaks"". (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Systemintegration mellan Java och VB.NET med webservices

I dagens näringsliv är effektiv kommunikation och informationsutbyte mellan företag en förutsättning för verksamheten. Näringslivet utmärks av förändring; företag köps upp, företag slås samman, företag samarbetar i projektform. Behovet av att integrera varandras informationssystem står i paritet med ovanstående förändringar. Ett stort problem med systemintegration är variationsrikedomen mellan informationssystemen, beträffande teknisk plattform och programspråk. Webservices erbjuder metoder att enkelt integrera olika informationssystem med varandra.I rapporten beskrivs hur webservices implementeras och vilka tekniska komponenter som ingår, samt de fördelar som webservicetekniken ger. Uppdraget från Sogeti, Borlänge var att designa och implementera en prototyp, i vilken klientapplikationer i Java och VB.NET integreras med varandra genom webservices i respektive programspråk. För analys och design har metoden UML använts. Slutsatsen av rapporten är att Java och VB.NET kan kommunicera med varandra genom webserviceteknik. Dock är integrationen mellan de två programspråken inte okomplicerad. Detta leder till slutsatsen att webservicetekniken måste standardiseras för att få ordentligt genomslag som teknik för systemintegration mellan olika programspråk.