A biblioteca escolar como comunidade colaborativa : um contributo para o desenvolvimento profissional docente

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Supervisão e Avaliação Escolar.

Usuários de crack, instituições e modos de subjetivação: estudo das práticas e da eficácia terapêutica em uma comunidade terapêutica religiosa (RN)

This anthropological research has as main goal to grasp the meanings and perceptions - mode of subjectivity - of crack users in relation to the proposals of Therapeutic Communities (TC) of religious character. The work emphasizes the analysis of Therapeutic Communities of Rio Grande do Norte state, studying a particular organization, called Anzóis da Dor. I intend to analyze qualitative data, focusing on an analysis of the discursive content of speeches and the observation of social interaction, which results in an ethnographic text characterized by a dense description. In relation to the dissertation’s specific goals, we seek to present a general overview of the emergence and development of Therapeutic Communities – encompassing general and local considerations - and pointing out to the dynamics of religious healing systems of these institutions, besides the principles that guide them. In methodological terms, I conducted the partial mapping of therapeutic communities located in Rio Grande do Norte state; interviews with Therapeutic Communities coordinators, visits, participant observation in one of these institutions as well as some interviews with crack users and people close to these social agents in relation to the Therapeutic Communities and the treatment offered by them

A biotecnologia na propagação e conservação do umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam.) e percepção sobre sua importância por agricultores da comunidade Malhada Vermelha, Campo Redondo (RN-Brasil)

The umbu tree (Spondias tuberosa Arruda) is a fruit native to the northeast of Brazil with great economic, social and ecological importance for the northeastern semi-arid region. Despite its role, the umbu tree has suffered negative pressure thanks to cluttered extractivism and to negative selection of its fruits, which as the deforestation and the dormancy of seeds contribute to the decrease of its production year after year, making necessary studies that contribute to the improvement of this specie and its conservation. Given the risks to the conservation of the specie and its usefulness to the population, the association between plant biotechnology, for being a tool that can be used to increase its production. and the perception of gathering communities, by valuing the point of view and the knowledge of the population, can facilitate its conservation. This work aimed to develop methods of propagation for umbu tree as well as contribute to its conservation by using biotechnology, with specific objectives to contribute to the conservation of this species; determine concentrations of BAP and ANA in the formation of buds; testing the efficiency of different substrates and concentrations of gibberellic acid on germination in vitro and ex vitro, as well as capture the perception of families in communities that engage in the gathering of umbu. To study the germination, the seeds were inoculated in different substrates (vermiculite, vermiculite + clay, clay, clay + manure and manure + vermiculite) and in different concentrations of gibberellic acid (0 mg, 250 g and 500 mg). For the formation of buds BAP to 0.1 mg-1 was associated with different concentrations of ANA (0.2; 0.4; 0.8mg.L-1). The study of perception was conducted by applying semi-structured questionnaire with Malhada Vermelha community. The experiments resulted in vermiculite and concentration of 500 mg gibberellic acid as the best for germination. The association of 0.1 mg.L-1 of BAP to 0.2 mg.L-1 of ANA provided better formation of buds. As to the application of questionnaires, they revealed that the population understands the decreased amount of umbu plants and umbu fruit in the region, as well as shows concern for its conservation.

Ecologia trófica de uma comunidade de lagartos da caatinga

The trophic ecology studies issues related to the diet of individuals within a community .The relation between the body size of the predator and the prey size, individual specialization and niche breadth are some of the issues that can be discussed by it .I collected the lizards using pitfall trap, glue and active collecting traps in a fragment of Caatinga. The most common species in this community were Tropidurus hispidus, T. semitaeniatus and Cnemidophorus ocellifer. The visits to the farm also relied on collecting invertebrates at each season to understand how the nutritional resources of lizards were presented in each one of them. I tried to answer some questions : 1) If there was a positive relation between body size of the predator and the size of prey of the community ; 2) If in different seasons the relation of body size of the predator and the maximum and/or minimum size of the prey would be positive ; 3) If species with different foraging strategies have positive relation on the size of the predatorprey relation; 4) If the seasonality would influence on the individual expertise of lizards community and more common species; 5) If the breadth of the niche would be influenced by seasonality ; 6) If more individuals with different morphology between them would present less similar diet. I found that there was indeed a positive relationship between size of prey and predator, but nonexistent related to the minimum size of prey; Among the seasons relative size of predators and prey was different for the maximum and minimum size, but was positively related only to the size of the maximum prey. And comparisons between different foraging strategies had the maximum and minimum line inclination greater than zero and different from each other; individual specialization was not influenced by seasonality and the niche breadth was wider in the dry season only to T. semitaeniatus. At last I didn't find a significant negative relationship between morphological dissimilarity and similarity of diet.

Desempenho zootécnico dos camarões: Litopenaeus vannamei e Macrobrachium rosenbergii em tanques rede e aquicultura familiar na comunidade de Bebida-Velha, RN

The study aims to evaluate the performance and identify lesions of agonistic interactions of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in different densities cages (chapter 1); compare the growth performance of shrimp M. rosenbergii and Litopenaus vannamei cages (chatper 2); in addition the study aimed at identifying the knowledge and practices of a traditional community of farmers Bebida-Velha, in the city of Pureza / RN, practicing rural family and aquaculture, as well as tracing the community socioeconomic profile and evaluate the management that these farmers use in shrimp farming Macrobrachium rosenbergii (chapter 3). To perform the experiments (chapter 1 and 2) shrimp species L. vannamei and M. rosenbergii were weighed on a digital scale and transferred to cultures in cages. The cages had 1m³, with 5mm mesh between us and were closed on top with screen to avoid predators (birds, insects). The animals remained in adaptation for fifteen days before the start of data collection (each experiment). Both experiments lasted seventy days, totaling eighty-five days cultivation. During the cultures, animals were fed pelleted feed for shrimp at 10% of their biomass with 35% crude protein, offered in feed trays twice a day during the hours (7:00 am and 14:00 pm). The remnants in the tray were removed after 2h of permanence to calculate intake. To determine the performance parameters, some samples were taken every 10 days. The results of both experiments were analyzed using the STATISTIC 7.0 (2004). In Chapter 1 experiment were applied5 treatments were applied with 5 replications each: D5 - 5 animals/m2 ; D10 - 10 animals/m2 ; D15 - 15 animals/m2 ; D20 - 20 animals/m2 ; D25 - 25 animals/m2 . To this, were distributed 25 cages randomly in two masonry nurseries. The end of the experiment the lesions were verified and quantified. The chapter 2 experiment began when the shrimp reached the same age (eighty-four days) and was used the density of 25 shrimp / m2 with 4 repetitions. For the realization of chapter 3 were applied semi-structured interviews by direct approach of Bebida Velha of settlers practicing aquaculture activity, tilapia producers and community shrimp. Data were tabulated and analyzed according to the responses obtained by the participants. Therefore, the amount of damage increased with increasing stocking density. The density of 10 freshwater shrimp/m² showed the best conditions for a better performance in cages. It can be concluded that in cages, the cultivation of species of fresh water shrimp M. rosenbergii had better zootechnical indexes than the cultivation of marine shrimp species L. 9 vannamei. It was possible to verify that the activities of which the interviewees practice guarantee a good quality of life and income for them. We find that respondents have traditional and local knowledge, and also may be interested in the cultivation of the species M. rosenbergii.

Utilização de mapas conceituais como ferramenta de ensino para o desenvolvimento do raciocínio clínico no curso de medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

BACKGROUND: Among the wide range of skills displayed by a medical doctor is undoubtedly the need to use cohesive and well grounded clinical reasoning in order for medical care to be indeed effective. It is in this respect that conceptual maps emerge; these are a methodological innovation that allows a comprehensive, panoramic and associative outlook of theoretical content, making it more practical and applicable to the reality of clinical observation. Promoting learning, learning resources and a feedback system between professor and students, as well as assessing and monitoring the performance of students during their academic training, are the main features of this tool. OBJETIVE: Assess the use of conceptual maps as a teaching-learning tool in the training of undergraduate medical students at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). METHODOLOGY: Interventional, randomized, cross-sectional study conducted with students from the 3rd and 5th periods of the medical course at UFRN, during the second semester of 2014, totaling 86 participants, divided into two groups: GI (intervention – clinical case resolution with a conceptual map) and GII (control – clinical case resolution without a conceptual map) in each period. RESULTS: The use of conceptual maps to teach liver failure syndrome resulted in a statistically significant cognitive gain for G1 students from the 5th period (GI: 6.8±1.6 and 8.0±1.5, p = 0.024; GII: 7.2±2.1 and 8.0±1.7, p = 0.125, pre and post-intermediate means, respectively), a result not observed in the period 3rd (GI: 7.7±1.3 and 8.0±1.4, p = 0.501; GII: 6.7±1.8 and 7.8±1.8; p=0.068, pre and post-intermediate means, respectively). Students in the 3 rd period gave better responses to the first clinical case, with a larger number of suitable concepts and crosslinks, when they used conceptual maps (GI: 91.3±13.15 and GII: 64.84±22.84, p=0,002). Students in the 5th period exhibited better clinical reasoning and more complete responses using the tool (p=0,01). Most of the students were not aware of the tool (53.8% from the 3rd period and 65.3% from the 5th period). Among those who knew about conceptual maps, most (59.3%) had only used them during high school, 14.8% had never used them and only seven students (25.9%) used them during the medical course. Analysis of open responses, obtained in process assessment showed clear satisfaction and enthusiasm with learning about the new tool, and frequent suggestions to use it at other moments in the course. Assessment of learning profile, using the VARK questionnaire, showed that most students from both periods exhibited a multimodal style. CONCLUSION: Despite their scant knowledge regarding the tool, good acceptability and understanding was observed in the study participants. The conceptual maps allowed cognitive gains, better responses and clinical reasoning in teaching liver failure syndrome to 5th period students.

O acompanhamento do crescimento e do desenvolvimento da criança: uma ação coletiva da enfermagem

Relatar sobre a experiência da implementação de uma proposta de ação coletiva da enfermagem para o acompanhamento do Crescimento e Desenvolvimento de crianças(CD). Método: estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, sobre a implementação de uma proposta de ação da enfermagem para o acompanhamento coletivo do CD das crianças atendidas na Unidade de Saúde da Família de Cidade Nova (USFCN) no município de Natal–RN, Brasil, realizado por meio de reuniões mensais com pais/cuidadores e crianças de acordo com a área de abrangência do serviço. Este estudo teve o projeto de pesquisa aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (CEP-UFRN), tendo com parecer final nº 201/2009. Resultados: o processo de trabalho do enfermeiro experimentou ganhos no exercício de uma práxis educativa e transformadora junto à comunidade. Pais e cuidadoras tiveram acesso à aprendizagem de novos conhecimentos, troca de experiências e auxílio nos cuidados domiciliários, através de uma nova dinâmica de fazer a atenção à saúde da criança. Conclusão: os resultados mostram que pais/cuidadores tornaram-se co-participantes do processo de cuidar, mas sem desobrigar as profissionais enfermeiras do compromisso na prestação do atendimento

Efeitos dos fatores ambientais na comunidade de macrófitas em pequenos cursos lóticos perenes subtropicais

Neste estudo foi investigado como a distribuição das espécies e a produção de biomassa de macrófitas aquáticas são influenciadas pelas condições físico-químicas do ambiente. Também foi avaliado como uma espécie com maior potencial competitivo pode interferir na diversidade de espécies da comunidade macrofítica. Para tanto, em cada um dos três arroios, foram dispostos seis transecções, perpendiculares à margem. Em cada transecção foram demarcadas três unidades amostrais de 1m², nas quais foram registrados os parâmetros fitossociológicos cobertura e frequência relativas e valor de importância. A diversidade de espécies foi estimada pelo índice de Shannon, utilizando os valores de cobertura de espécies. Para determinar a biomassa das macrófitas aquáticas foram usados quadrats de 0,25m², alocados dentro da unidade amostral de 1m² usadas para quantificar os dados fitossociológicos, nos mesmos pontos onde foi feito o levantamento de cobertura da vegetação. Utilizamos como variáveis preditoras a velocidade da corrente, radiação solar incidente, coeficiente de sombreamento, vegetação ripária arbórea adjacente, nitrogênio orgânico dissolvido, carbono orgânico dissolvido e condutividade elétrica. Foram registradas 32 espécies de macrófitas aquáticas, distribuídas em 19 famílias e 28 gêneros. Conforme Análise de Correspondência Canônica (CCA), as espécies com maiores valores de biomassa foram relacionadas a unidades amostrais com alta incidência luminosa. As unidades amostrais com dominância de Pistia stratiotes apresentaram menor diversidade de espécies indicando que esta espécie, quando encontra condições que permitam sua proliferação, pode excluir espécies de menor potencial competitivo. De acordo com GLM (Generalized Linear Model), a ausência de vegetação ripária ou presente em apenas uma das margens e baixas velocidades de corrente configura-se em condições favoráveis ao estabelecimento e desenvolvimento de macrófitas aquáticas, possibilitando produção maiores valores de biomassa.

A inserção da educação ambiental não formal no processo de implantação de saneamento ambiental na comunidade rural Colonia Mergulhão, São José dos Pinhais - PR

One of the biggest environmental problems of the population is the lack of sewage treatment, especially in rural communities and low-income. The development of technologies for efficient, low-cost sanitation need to be developed to meet the disadvantaged people of this basic service. This work was the implementation proposal of a technology called constructed wetlands, also known as Wastewater Treatment Plant for Roots Zone - ETEZR. The objective was to develop a non- formal environmental education proposal for redevelopment, using outreach methods for residents and deployment of this technology ETEZR in the rural community of Cologne Grebe in Sao Jose dos Pinhais - PR. With technical support from the Paranaense Technical Assistance and Rural Extension Institute -EMATER and the Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, 5 ETEZR were deployed in the colony through three theoretical and practical workshops, which involved total 67 people from the community 5 technicians EMATER and 13 of the Municipal Town Hall. Após4 months of implementation were carried out two collections of raw wastewater and treated to analyze physical, chemical and biological parameters. The results evaluated by chemical parameters BOD, COD, phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen comparing raw and treated sewage, demonstrate that ETEZR are effective in the treatment of sewage. 5 Seasons minimum and maximum efficiency between the basic parameters analyzed were 52.2 to 95.5% for BOD; 47 to 94.5% for COD; 21.5 to 96% phosphorus; 30-98% for ammonia nitrogen. Oils and greases, and a series of solid also achieved a significant reduction in their values when comparing the raw sewage and treated sewage, and biological parameters evaluated by means of coliforms showed a reduction of 80 to 99%. With the implementation of environmental education process aimed sanitation was possible to evaluate the perception of the population to accept the environmental sanitation technology using the ETEZR, understand the needs and sanitation concepts for the community. This research evaluated the development of the methodology applied by the non-formal environmental education in order to provide subsidies for rural sanitation plan process for the municipality.

Avaliação da qualidade da água do Rio Piranhas-Açu/RN utilizando a comunidade de macroinvertebrados bentônicos

The biomonitoring technique for water quality in water bodies has been incorporated increasingly in management of the natural resources, using mainly indices of its aquatic community characteristics. In Brazil the first efforts to use this technique was restricted to the South and the Midwest region of this country. Located in the northeast region, this study was conducted at Rio Grande do Norte state and had as main objective the assessment of water quality in the Piranhas-Açu river using benthic macroinvertebrates community as biological indicators. Thus, were applied two biotic indices, the BMWP (Biological Monitoring Working Party score system) and the IBF (Family Biotic Index). According the requirements of these indices, two periods of sampling were determined as basic methodology, in dry seasons of 2006 and 2007. The sampling sites were around the municipalities of Açu, Ipanguaçu, Alto do Rodrigues and Pendências. Physical-chemical measurements; a protocol of rapid assessment of diversity of habitats, and determination of the degree of tolerance of each taxon to organic pollution were also performed. The most abundant organisms found in the river were tolerant with the prevalence of Chironomidae (Diptera) and Melanoides tuberculata. This results, together with those ones got in indices application, showed a considerable organic pollution in the four sample places and the reaches were classified as modified to impacted. According to the used indices, this study suggest that this river have significant alteration in the biotic community and water quality on the organic pollution, and this fact, occurs in the reach of the river further downstream, where were expected a good water quality. Considering these results, measures aiming the conservation of this water body are needed regarding as it is inserted into a fragile ecosystem with dry season phenomenon, and the water of this river has extremely importance for the local economy

O acompanhamento do crescimento e do desenvolvimento da criança: uma ação coletiva da enfermagem

Relatar sobre a experiência da implementação de uma proposta de ação coletiva da enfermagem para o acompanhamento do Crescimento e Desenvolvimento de crianças(CD). Método: estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, sobre a implementação de uma proposta de ação da enfermagem para o acompanhamento coletivo do CD das crianças atendidas na Unidade de Saúde da Família de Cidade Nova (USFCN) no município de Natal–RN, Brasil, realizado por meio de reuniões mensais com pais/cuidadores e crianças de acordo com a área de abrangência do serviço. Este estudo teve o projeto de pesquisa aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (CEP-UFRN), tendo com parecer final nº 201/2009. Resultados: o processo de trabalho do enfermeiro experimentou ganhos no exercício de uma práxis educativa e transformadora junto à comunidade. Pais e cuidadoras tiveram acesso à aprendizagem de novos conhecimentos, troca de experiências e auxílio nos cuidados domiciliários, através de uma nova dinâmica de fazer a atenção à saúde da criança. Conclusão: os resultados mostram que pais/cuidadores tornaram-se co-participantes do processo de cuidar, mas sem desobrigar as profissionais enfermeiras do compromisso na prestação do atendimento

Desenvolvimento de coleções no sistema de bibliotecas da UFES: comparativo entre os modelos teóricos de Evans e Baughman e proposta de adequação ao modelo de Evans

As Bibliotecas Universitárias (BUs) constituem unidades de informação, cujo objetivo principal é fornecer materiais informacionais aos diversificados atores que compõem o espaço universitário. No entanto, formar e desenvolver coleções nessas unidades de informação pode representar uma missão instigante e desafiadora. Isso porque, as coleções que formam os acervos das BUs não são estáticas, devendo estar em constante crescimento no intento de atender as propostas pedagógicas da universidade, viabilizando o trabalho de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Considerando as complexidades existentes no processo de formação e desenvolvimento de coleções, este estudo objetiva comparar as atividades realizadas em prol da formação e desenvolvimento de coleções do SIB/UFES, de acordo com os modelos teóricos de Evans e Baughman, propondo alternativas de melhoria conforme a proposta dos modelos, com vistas a garantir a adequação das coleções às exigências e necessidades dos usuários da coleção. Para tanto, através de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e diagnóstico, propõe-se uma reflexão teórica acerca do desenvolvimento de coleções e sua relação com o SIB/UFES. Apresenta as características centrais dos modelos teóricos de Evans e Baughman. Compara as características desses modelos com a realidade do SIB/UFES. Por fim, os resultados confirmaram haver necessidade de adequação ao modelo holístico, consolidando uma gestão sistêmica, bem como a construção de uma política de desenvolvimento de coleções, objetivando fundamentar e nortear todas as ações em prol da constante adequação da coleção às necessidades demandadas pela comunidade universitária.

Planeamento estratégico para o desenvolvimento do turismo : o caso de Vila Franca do Campo

Dissertação de Mestrado, Gestão do Turismo Internacional, 20 de Julho de 2016, Universidade dos Açores.

Proposta de avaliação de práticas sustentáveis nas operações de serviço em instituições de ensino superior da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica

Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have an extremely important social role, they are responsible for the place where they work and to form citizens who contribute to a fair and cooperative society. Universities can engage with sustainable development in planning, management, education, research, operations, community services, procurement of materials, transportation and infrastructure; this research seeks to analyze the sustainability practices in service operations in the Higher Education Institutions of the Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Education in Brazil through the development and application of a model called the Sustainability Assessment for Higher Technological Education (SAHTE). To achieve the proposed goal, a systematic survey of the scientific literature on sustainability assessment models in higher education institutions was conducted, making it possible to identify the characteristics and features of existing models. The model was applied through multiple case studies. The proposal compares the sustainability performance of service operations among individual institutions using a common methodology. It presents five areas to be evaluated in the HEI: Governance and Policies, People, Food, Water and Energy, and Waste and Environment, with a total of 134 questions. The need for greater support from the senior management of institutions to formulate and implement policies on sustainable development was identified when the lack of policies on sustainability in service operations was found; initiatives tend to be isolated. The participation of students and teachers in studies on the daily operations of the campus can be expanded and more widespread. The model seeks to evaluate sustainable practices in the service operations of the Brazilian Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Education; studies related to the evaluation of teaching sustainability are absent and the applicability of the model in private institutions and other countries is needed. The results obtained with the application of the SAHTE model are useful for the preparation and development of policies on sustainable development, especially in the service operations of the surveyed HEI. The results can sensitize staff and students, who can reflect on their roles in the HEI, as well as the community and suppliers.

Desenvolvimento e validação de um manual de prevenção de quedas destinado a idosos residentes na comunidade

O envelhecimento é um dos fenómenos demográficos da sociedade atual, sendo as quedas um dos problemas de saúde pública que mais afeta a população idosa. Para prevenir quedas têm sido testadas intervenções multifatoriais, que incluem diversas abordagens, tais como a educacional. No desenvolvimento de material de educação para a saúde deve ter-se em conta os princípios de adequabilidade da literacia em saúde, visto que, quanto mais ajustada e “user-friendly” for a informação, maior é a probabilidade de adesão e adoção dos comportamentos ensinados. Esta adequabilidade é fundamental, surgindo o Health Literacy INDEX como uma ferramenta de análise da conformidade desses manuais face a diferentes critérios nos grandes domínios da linguagem, suporte gráfico e envolvimento do utilizador. Objetivo: Desenvolver um manual sobre prevenção de quedas, destinado a idosos residentes na comunidade, de acordo com os princípios de adequabilidade em literacia em saúde e validá-lo para a população portuguesa. Metodologia: A fase I compreendeu a pesquisa de manuais educativos sobre prevenção de quedas, destinados a idosos, em motores de busca genéricos e em portais institucionais, tendo sido selecionados 11 manuais, publicados após 2006. Estes foram sujeitos à aplicação da ferramenta de avaliação Health Literacy INDEX, para verificação da sua conformidade, em termos de literacia em saúde, e aferição dos pontos fortes e fracos. Na fase II elaborou-se um manual sobre prevenção de quedas destinado a idosos em língua portuguesa, segundo as demandas da literacia em saúde e tendo por base a avaliação efetuada na fase anterior. Na fase III, dinamizou-se o manual junto de um grupo de 16 indivíduos, tendo por objetivo a sua validação. Resultados/Discussão: Na análise da conformidade, realizada na fase I, 10 dos 11 manuais obtiveram pontuações superiores a 50%, destacando-se quatro (A, C, J e K) com pontuações superiores a 75%. As componentes mais abordadas nos manuais foram a atividade física, estratégias em caso de queda, modificações do ambiente doméstico e visão. Na dinamização do manual não foram identificadas dificuldades na sua compreensão e os participantes demonstraram uma pré-disposição para intervir nos fatores de risco identificados. Relativamente ao manual consideraram que tinha uma apresentação muito boa, com conteúdo muito útil e fácil de ler. O que pode ser explicado pela aplicação, neste manual, das recomendações para a literacia em saúde preconizadas na literatura. Conclusão: O sucesso das intervenções na prevenção de quedas em idosos, dependerá em parte, das características dos manuais informativos, bem como do nível de literacia em saúde dos destinatários, apresentando-se o Health Literacy INDEX como uma ferramenta adequada à validação e/ou produção de manuais informativos. Futuramente, e por forma a consolidar os resultados obtidos, pretende-se replicar este projeto, através da sua dinamização junto de outros grupos, em contextos de promoção da saúde e envelhecimento ativo e saudável.