Utilização de uma interface do tipo "particle beam" para a obtenção de espectros de massas de compostos pouco voláteis em solução

Due to source contamination and wearing of instrument components problems caused by the direct insertion probe technique, a new way of introduction of low volatile compounds into mass spectrometer was tested. This new scheme comprises the introduction of the low volatile compounds solutions via a six port valve connected to a particle beam interface. Solutions of isatin were injected into this system and the best results were obtained with CH2Cl2, CH3OH and CH3CN. The solution inlet system has shown to be advantageous over the conventional way of direct insertion probe introduction.

Aplicações eletroanalíticas com eletrodos de prata confeccionados a partir de CDs graváveis

This paper presents a new way for the construction of silver electrodes utilizing recordable CDs. The new electrodes were explored for the quantification of chloride (by potentiometry/FIA), cyanide (by amperometry/FIA) and for lead analysis (by square wave voltammetry). For the flowing measurements, a digital multimeter, connected to a microcomputer (via RS 232 interface) was used to collect directly the potential signal (for Cl- measurements) or to take the output signal from a potentiostat (for CN- measurements). The square wave voltammetry analysis was performed in a commercial instrument. The results shown good performance of the new electrodes and the detection limit (s/n = 3) attained for these three analytes were: 0.2, 50, and 200 µg L-1 for Pb2+, Cl-, and CN- respectively.

Uma interface lab-made para aquisição de sinais analógicos instrumentais via porta paralela do microcomputador

A lab-made interface for acquisition of instrumental analog signals between 0 and 5 V at a frequency up to 670 kHz at the parallel port of a microcomputer is described. Since it uses few and small components, it was built into the connector of a printer parallel cable. Its performance was evaluated by monitoring the signals of four different instruments and similar analytical curves were obtained with the interface and from readings from the instrument' displays. Because the components are cheap (~U$35,00) and easy to get, the proposed interface is a simple and economical alternative for data acquisition in small laboratories for routine work, research and teaching.

Do termoscópio ao termômetro digital: quatro séculos de termometria

This work describes the evolution of temperature measurement in the last four centuries using thermometers based on the thermal expansion of liquids such as ethyl alcohol and mercury. The concept of temperature was strongly dependent on the researcher and there was no systematic temperature scale for universal use. The precursor of the common thermometer was the thermoscope, probably invented at the end of the XVIth century. In the XVIIIth century the instrument was greatly improved and several thermometric scales were proposed some of which have been in use until now. These scales were based on arbitrary points. Mercury and ethyl alcohol were the most employed thermometric fluids. In the XIXth century, the concept of absolute zero was a great advance in this field. The most important contribution during the XXth century was the establishment of international temperature scales. The design of the thermometer has been essentially the same along the last 300 years, but many models were proposed for industrial and research purposes. Its association with the densimeter was of great importance for control of industrial chemical processes and also for teaching purposes in the past. Nowadays, there is a clear tendency to replace mercury-based thermometers by electronic digital models. Thermochemistry is the natural relationship between temperature and chemistry.

Entornos e-learning como soporte de aprendizaje a la asignatura educación musical en infancia

The music is a compulsory subject in the first stage of primary education. We detected several teachers from different educational areas, including the area of music, using e-learning platforms and web tools for teaching the curriculum that marks the “Department of Education of the Generalitat de Catalunya”. From the body of analysis has drawn the picture in e-learning platforms, analyzing the types and uses. Through the sample of e-learning platforms in music education, have identified four schools with e-learning platforms in advanced stage. We performed a case study on one of these platforms for content analysis and validate the interview format used; this has served to create a model that can be used in other centers with e-learning platform for music subject.

Diretrizes para a formação de professores da educação básica em interface com a licenciatura em química: em contexto as possibilidades formativas

We developed and applied an educational instrument (ID) to discuss, in the discipline of Supervised Pre Service Teachers Practice 1, guidelines for teacher education to redefine teacher knowledge with a specific focus on chemistry teachers. The study used methodological fundamentals of Discursive Textual Analysis that involves identifying and isolating a set of materials subjected to analysis, categorizing these statements and producing texts, integrating these descriptions and interpretations, basing its construction on the category system built. Data were collected through participant observation and text readings used by the students in performing the activity. It was noted that the chemistry teachers trained were able to express opinions that indicated the Construction of Meanings Interface that was the category of analysis established a priori.

The Digital Book as a Disruptive Innovation

Whether digital book will become the dominant design of books and be a widely accepted format for reading is a question that is currently asked by every e-publisher, publishing industry worker and many book consumers. This study is the first to holistically approach Christensen’s disruptive innovation theory for an instrument of measuring the phenomenon of the digital book. The disruptiveness of an innovation could be measured by it’s disruptive potential and the disruption process it passes. The empirical part of the thesis is designed so to investigate the digital book‘s features as an innovation for disruptive potential and then the current digital book market, monitoring it for disruption processes. Proving that the digital book is a disruptive innovation may allow understanding it’s prospects and even help in making a pattern of the innovation’s market infiltration in the future. The framework created for answering the research question could also be used in a similar way to analyze other E-publishing products (e.g. e-newspapers, emagazines).

Virtual technology and haptic interface solutions for design and control of mobile working machines

Commercially available haptic interfaces are usable for many purposes. However, as generic devices they are not the most suitable for the control of heavy duty mobile working machines like mining machines, container handling equipment and excavators. Alternative mechanical constructions for a haptic controller are presented and analysed. A virtual reality environment (VRE) was built to test the proposed haptic controller mechanisms. Verification of an electric motor emulating a hydraulic pump in the electro-hydraulic system of a mobile working machine is carried out. A real-time simulator using multi-body-dynamics based software with hardware-in-loop (HIL) setup was used for the tests. Recommendations for further development of a haptic controller and emulator electric motor are given.

Kramerius - Fedora based open source system for a digital library

Presentation at Open Repositories 2014, Helsinki, Finland, June 9-13, 2014

Den digitala musikläraren : aktionsforskning om en digital lärmiljö i musikundervisning

Avhandlingens syfte är att ta reda på hur en digital lärmiljö kan fungera som ett didaktiskt komplement vid undervisning av ett instrument under skolans musiklektioner. Genom att observera den egna undervisningen i musik i en skolklass där en digital lärmiljö använts har jag lyft fram iakttagelser av händelser som anses kritiska för utvärderingen av lärmiljön. Undersökningen är av kvalitativ karaktär där aktionsforskning legat som ansats för avhandlingen. Aktionsforskning bygger på att finna ett fokusområde för undersökning, varefter en fråga eller problemformulering utarbetas. Frågan prövas i praktiken och efter det följer en utvärdering och reflektion kring kritiska händelser som observerats i praktiken. En skolklass bestående av elever i årskurserna 3 och 4 har fungerat som respondenter för undersökningen. En del av eleverna i klassen har arbetat individuellt och försökt lära sig spela gitarr och elbas med hjälp av en digital lärmiljö som jag kallar för Musikskolan.fi. Genom att pröva och utvärdera lärmiljön under tre lektioner med eleverna har styrkor, svagheter och differentiering i användandet av Musikskolan.fi diskuterats. För att dokumentera lektionerna har videokamera använts som komplement till forskarens personliga observationer. Enligt de tolkningar och observationer som framkommit i denna undersökning kan Musikskolan.fi fungera bra som stöd och komplement till musikundervisningen, trots att en del förbättringsförslag angående interaktivitet och differentiering noterats. Lärmiljöns styrkor ligger i att elever kan arbeta individuellt med läromedlet och ett instrument. Dessutom kan läraren använda sig av verktyget för att ackompanjera eleverna i sång och spel. En av nackdelarna är att det krävs en hel del förkunskaper om musikteori och visuell tolkningsförmåga av eleven för att han eller hon ska kunna utnyttja verktyget till dess fulla potential. Genom tillägg av fler funktioner, som möjligheten att justera tempo på musiken som verktyget spelar upp, kunde lärmiljön bättre stöda elevers skillnader i färdigheter och bidra positivt till differentiering av musikundervisningen.

The infared optical properties of Sr2RuO4 and SmTiO3 including an object-oriented resistivity interface /

The perovskite crystal structure is host to many different materials from insulating to superconducting providing a diverse range of intrinsic character and complexity. A better fundamental description of these materials in terms of their electronic, optical and magnetic properties undoubtedly precedes an effective realization of their application potential. SmTiOa, a distorted perovskite has a strongly localized electronic structure and undergoes an antiferromagnetic transition at 50 K in its nominally stoichiometric form. Sr2Ru04 is a layered perovskite superconductor (ie. Tc % 1 K) bearing the same structure as the high-tem|>erature superconductor La2_xSrrCu04. Polarized reflectance measurements were carried out on both of these materials revealing several interesting features in the far-infrared range of the spectrum. In the case of SmTiOa, although insulating, evidence indicates the presence of a finite background optical conductivity. As the temperature is lowered through the ordering temperature a resonance feature appears to narrow and strengthen near 120 cm~^ A nearby phonon mode appears to also couple to this magnetic transition as revealed by a growing asymmetry in the optica] conductivity. Experiments on a doped sample with a greater itinerant character and lower Neel temperature = 40 K also indicate the presence of this strongly temperature dependent mode even at twice the ordering temperature. Although the mode appears to be sensitive to the magnetic transition it is unclear whether a magnon assignment is appropriate. At very least, evidence suggests an interesting interaction between magnetic and electronic excitations. Although Sr2Ru04 is highly anisotropic it is metallic in three-dimensions at low temperatures and reveals its coherent transport in an inter-plane Drude-like component to the highest temperatures measured (ie. 90 K). An extended Drude analysis is used to probe the frequency dependent scattering character revealing a peak in both the mass enhancement and scattering rate near 80 cm~* and 100 cm~* respectively. All of these experimental observations appear relatively consistent with a Fermi-liquid picture of charge transport. To supplement the optical measurements a resistivity station was set up with an event driven object oriented user interface. The program controls a Keithley Current Source, HP Nano-Voltmeter and Switching Unit as well as a LakeShore Temperature Controller in order to obtain a plot of the Resistivity as a function of temperature. The system allows for resistivity measurements ranging from 4 K to 290 K using an external probe or between 0.4 K to 295 K using a Helium - 3 Cryostat. Several materials of known resistivity have confirmed the system to be robust and capable of measuring metallic samples distinguishing features of several fiQ-cm.

Le rapport geste-son en musique électroacoustique

La version intégrale de ce mémoire est disponible uniquement pour consultation individuelle à la Bibliothèque de musique de l’Université de Montréal (www.bib.umontreal.ca/MU).

Système de superposition arborescente et aspect soliste (le vibraphone et le bending tone) : éléments de détermination d’un langage musical personnel

La version intégrale de cette thèse est disponible uniquement pour consultation individuelle à la Bibliothèque de musique de l’Université de Montréal (http://www.bib.umontreal.ca/MU).

Centor : concept d’interface de spatialisation sonore additive

Cette recherche porte un regard critique sur les interfaces de spatialisation sonore et positionne la composition de musique spatiale, un champ d’étude en musique, à l’avant plan d’une recherche en design. Il détaille l’approche de recherche qui est centrée sur le processus de composition de musique spatiale et les modèles mentaux de compositeurs électroacoustiques afin de livrer des recommandations de design pour le développement d’une interface de spatialisation musicale nommée Centor. Cette recherche montre qu’un processus de design mené à l’intersection du design d’interface, du design d’interaction et de la théorie musicale peut mener à une proposition pertinente et innovatrice pour chacun des domaines d’étude. Nous présentons la recherche et le développement du concept de spatialisation additive, une méthode de spatialisation sonore par patrons qui applique le vocabulaire spectromorphologique de Denis Smalley. C’est un concept d’outil de spatialisation pour le studio qui complémente les interfaces de composition actuelles et ouvre un nouveau champ de possibilités pour l’exploration spatiale en musique électroacoustique. La démarche de recherche présentée ici se veut une contribution au domaine du design d’interfaces musicales, spécifiquement les interfaces de spatialisation, mais propose aussi un processus de design pour la création d’interfaces numériques d’expression artistique.

Monte Carlo simulation of interface alloying

An Ising-like model, with interactions ranging up to next-nearest-neighbor pairs, is used to simulate the process of interface alloying. Interactions are chosen to stabilize an intermediate "antiferromagnetic" ordered structure. The dynamics proceeds exclusively by atom-vacancy exchanges. In order to characterize the process, the time evolution of the width of the intermediate ordered region and the diffusion length is studied. Both lengths are found to follow a power-law evolution with exponents depending on the characteristic features of the model.