On infinite graphs and related matrices

This thesis Entitled On Infinite graphs and related matrices.ln the last two decades (iraph theory has captured wide attraction as a Mathematical model for any system involving a binary relation. The theory is intimately related to many other branches of Mathematics including Matrix Theory Group theory. Probability. Topology and Combinatorics . and has applications in many other disciplines..Any sort of study on infinite graphs naturally involves an attempt to extend the well known results on the much familiar finite graphs. A graph is completely determined by either its adjacencies or its incidences. A matrix can convey this information completely. This makes a proper labelling of the vertices. edges and any other elements considered, an inevitable process. Many types of labelling of finite graphs as Cordial labelling, Egyptian labelling, Arithmetic labeling and Magical labelling are available in the literature. The number of matrices associated with a finite graph are too many For a study ofthis type to be exhaustive. A large number of theorems have been established by various authors for finite matrices. The extension of these results to infinite matrices associated with infinite graphs is neither obvious nor always possible due to convergence problems. In this thesis our attempt is to obtain theorems of a similar nature on infinite graphs and infinite matrices. We consider the three most commonly used matrices or operators, namely, the adjacency matrix

Grey Level Co-Occurrence Matrices: Generalisation And Some New Features

Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrices (GLCM) are one of the earliest techniques used for image texture analysis. In this paper we defined a new feature called trace extracted from the GLCM and its implications in texture analysis are discussed in the context of Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR). The theoretical extension of GLCM to n-dimensional gray scale images are also discussed. The results indicate that trace features outperform Haralick features when applied to CBIR.

Comments on Simple and Accurate Formula for the Resonant Frequency of the Equilateral Triangular Microstrip Patch Antenna

Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on,VOL 48,issue 4,pp 636

Movimientos Sociales, matrices socio-políticos y nuevos escenarios en América Latina

Seit einigen Jahren erfährt Lateinamerika einen epochalen Umbruch. Das neoliberale Modell ist in einer Krise. Die Politik des „Washington Consensus“ und das Diktum einer politisch nicht kontrollierbaren Globalisierung werden zunehmend hinterfagt. Aus der Linkswende haben sich neue alternative Politikkonzepten entwickelt. In dem vorliegenden Working Paper wird auf die Beziehung von sozialen Bewegungen, Ideologien und Regierungen eingegangen. In ihrer Diagnose arbeitet Maristella Svampa die ambivalenten Charakteristiken des aktuellen Wandels in Lateinamerika heraus. Daran schließt eine analytische Annäherung an die verschiedenen ideologischen Traditionen an, die den Widerstandssektor prägen. Abschließend werden bei der Analyse der vier wichtigsten Tendenzen einige der wichtigsten Daten über die Region präsentiert. Zu diesen Tendenzen gehören der Fortschritt der indigenen Kämpfe, die Konsolidierung neuer Formen des Kampfes, die Reaktivierung der national-populären Tradition, sowie die Rückkehr des „Desarrollismo“. Letztere wird sowohl von progressiven als auch eher konservativ-neoliberalen Regierungen unterstützt.

Attitudes and behaviour towards food attributes and organic food – a triangular methodological investigation of occasional organic consumers

Organic food is increasingly available in the conventional food retail, where organic products are offered alongside with various other types of products and compete mainly with conventional and the so-called conventional-plus products. The latter are conventional products displaying particular quality attributes on the product packaging, such as ‘no artificial additives’, or ‘from animal welfare husbandry’. Often, these quality attributes also apply to organic products. Occasional organic consumers might prefer such conventional-plus alternatives that are perceived to be ‘between’ organic and conventional products. The overall objective of this PhD thesis was to provide information about the segment of occasional organic consumers. In particular, the thesis focussed on consumer perceptions and attitudes towards the quality of, and preferences for, organic, conventional and conventional-plus products in two countries: Germany and Switzerland. To achieve these objectives, qualitative and quantitative consumer research was combined in order to explore occasional organic consumers’ perceptions and attitudes as well as to observe their preferences and buying behaviour regarding different types of food products: organic, conventional and conventional-plus products. The qualitative research showed that, depending on single criteria, organic production was both positively as well as negatively assessed by consumers. Consumer perception of organic food was found to be highly selective and primarily focussed on the final stage of the particular production process. A major problem is that consumers are still mostly unfamiliar with factors associated with organic production, have a lack of confidence, and often confuse organic with conventional products. Besides this, consumer expectations of organic products are different from the expectations of conventional products. The quantitative research revealed that attitudes strongly determine consumers’ preferences for organic, conventional and conventional-plus products. Consumer attitudes tended to differ more between organic and conventional choices rather than conventional-plus and conventional choices. Furthermore, occasional organic consumers are heterogeneous in their preferences. They can be grouped into two segments: the consumers in one segment were less price sensitive and preferred organic products. The consumers in the other segment were more price sensitive and rather preferred conventional-plus or conventional products. To conclude, given the selective and subjective nature of consumer perception and the strong focus of consumer perception on the final stage of the food production process, specific additional values of organic farming should be communicated in clear and catchy messages. At the same time, these messages should be particularly focussed on the final stage of organic food production. The communication of specific added values in relation with organic products to improve the perceived price-performance-ratio is important since conventional-plus products represent an interesting alternative particularly for price sensitive occasional organic consumers. Besides this, it is important to strengthen affirmative consumer attitudes towards organic production. Therefore, policy support should emphasise on long-term communication campaigns and education programmes to increase the consumer awareness and knowledge of organic food and farming. Since consumers expect that organic food is regionally or at least domestically produced while they less accept organic imports, policy support of domestic and regional producers is a crucial measure to fill the current gap between the increasing consumer demand of organic food and the stagnation of the domestic and regional organic food supply.

La cooperación triangular como herramienta que contribuye al desarrollo en América Latina. El caso de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo y de los países del A, B, C (Argentina, Brasil y Chile). Periodo 2005 -2010

Desde 2005 la cooperación triangular ha venido fortaleciéndose. Esta modalidad ha tenido una importante acogida entre los países beneficiarios o receptores, dado que puede adaptarse mejor a las necesidades de países con realidades similares, planteando múltiples ventajas como: menores costos económicos, impacto más rápido y directo, y un mayor respeto hacia la soberanía de los países beneficiarios o receptores.

Guía para la construcción de matrices insumo-producto y de contabilidad social en Colombia

Las matrices insumo-producto y de contabilidad social constituyen fuentes de información importante para el entendimiento de las relaciones productivas y económicas de un país en un determinado momento del tiempo. En Colombia, la construcción de estos instrumentos tiene una larga experiencia aunque poca ha sido su documentación. Este artículo pretende exponer de manera clara y concisa el procedimiento necesario para su construcción.

Las matrices, la base 2 y la tecnología digital.

Mediante dos juegos de adivinación de números en unas tablas, se estudia cómo la base 2 y las matrices son fundamentales en la tecnología digital. Además se aporta la implementación en el programa informático Mathematica del algoritmo que permite realizar esta acción. En el artículo se muestra paso a paso cómo realizar estos juegos.

La educación en medios, los centros escolares y la familia. Una necesaria relación triangular.

Se presenta la existencia de una revolución tecnológica sin precedente que pone de manifiesto la necesidad de crear nuevas formas de actuación ante los efectos que ello pueda provocar. La familia y los centros escolares se convierten en primera instancia en los sustentadores de esa nueva forma de educar en medios. La educación en medios permite transmitir los nuevos valores que hoy imperan en la sociedad desde una perspectiva abierta, libre de influencias externas.

De la escuela infantil a la escuela primaria : ¿continuidad o ruptura en las matrices interactivas de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje?

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Caracterización del conocimiento matemático para la enseñanza (MKT) de matrices en Bachillerato.

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El test de matrices progresivas de Raven : manual de aplicación y baremación española en preescolar y EGB.

Trabajo que recoge los resultados tras la aplicación del test de Raven en diferentes grupos de EGB para conocer de manera objetiva la realidad de los alumnos españoles de este nivel educativo. Todo ello va precedido por unas normas simplificadas de aplicación, acompañadas de las que dió el autor del test, y un estudio sintético y práctico de las variadas y diversas potencialidades del mismo encaminadas al conocimiento exhaustivo del examinando, así como diversas observaciones prácticas del autor..

Grafos e matrices. 'Gráficas y matrices'.

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Grafos e matrices. 'Grafos y matrices'.

Se introduce en el nuevo Bachillerato el tema 'grafos y matrices' cuyo objetivo principal es aportar una nueva justificación de la utilización de las matrices e introducir al alumno en la teoría de los grafos. Se hace una introducción a los elementos básicos de esta teoría definiendo brevemente algunos de ellos.

Introducción de las matrices de valoración analítica en el proceso de evaluación del Practicum de los Grados de Infantil y de Primaria.

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