965 resultados para Elaboraciones teóricas


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The purpose of this paper is to essentially provide a theoretical framework to industrial policies, especially showing the reasons for preference of a theoretical framework that is not based on equilibrium, and not based on maximization. We sought to define these policies, highlighting their positive results – at least potentially – in terms of some parameters (production, efficiency, productivity, income, welfare etc.). In this sense, we defined industrial policy, also analyzing the reasons for the usual lack of concern with a more rigorous theoretical framework for industrial policies. Following that, we briefly discussed whether or not a certain theory can lay the foundation for these policies, also examining if such theories are important (or not) in empirical terms. In the fourth section, we investigated the possible use of industrial policies, emphasizing market failures, public goods, non-competitive markets, externalities and technological development. Finally, we discussed about evaluation approaches of industrial and technological policies, focusing with more detail on the challenges related to the evaluation of economic effects of industrial and technological policies, and the methodologies of evaluation of these policies.

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This papers deals with theoretical and methodological problems concerning the definition of criteria for the selection of sources for the study of language. Our work discussed the use and the importance of genre in the process of corpora construction as variation search – synchronic and diachronic.

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The aim of this study was to review the current scientific literature to discuss the biomechanical behavior and characteristics inherent to both cast post and core and the prefabricated posts used in the practice of restoring endodontically treated teeth. To identify studies of this review, it was performed a detailed and advanced search strategy to the databases PubMed and Medline. It was used as descriptors: endodontically treated teeth, post, core, fiber post and metal post. Inclusion criteria were: clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, in vitro studies, literature reviews and systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis of the last 10 years that addressed the theme. Exclusion criteria were: articles without abstracts, animal studies, articles whose language was not English and articles from journals that do not belong to the Dentistry field. Of a total of 35 articles, after an analysis according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 articles were selected. Most of the current scientific literature indicates that the prefabricated fiber reinforced and ceramic posts should be appointed for endodontically treated teeth that have a minimum height of 2mm ferrule. As for the cast metal cores, along with pre-fabricated metal represent a good prosthetic option, when weakened teeth have to be restored for any reason. Despite the large number of studies, there is still a lack of longterm prospective studies that evaluate the effectiveness of these posts in the treatment of endodontically treated teeth.

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The present work is determined to analyse trigonometry problem solving with the help of CabriGéomètre II software from the perspective of two axes of mathematics teaching which are: the concept formation in Klausmeier and Goodwin´s perspective(1977) and problem solving according to Sternberg’s conception(2000). With such an approach traces of a more significant learning may be found , which according to Ausubel(1980) enables the adoption of better teaching and learning practices.

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This work is part of a study that focused on analyzing the contributions of didactic activities related to scientific language rhetoric characteristics aimed at developing students' abilities to identify such characteristics in chemistry scientific texts and critical reading of those texts. In this study, we present the theoretical basis adopted to determine the scientific discourse characteristics and for the production of the didactic material used in those activities. Latour, Coracini and Campanario studies on persuasive rhetorical strategies present in scientific articles aided the production of such material.

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Age-grade gap from different theoretical perspectives. The purpose of this article is to analyze the determinants of the age-grade gap based on the human capital theory and some education sociology approaches. The article also shows the range and limitations of the Family Scholarship Transfer Programme (programa Bolsa Familia) in this age-grade gap reduction process. From the investigated theoretical aspects it can be concluded that this Programme would only show long-term effectiveness in the poverty reduction process if supported by at least a combination of programs and actions aimed at improving this educational indicator.

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A função do professor de educação física escolar pode ser definida pela elaboração, implantação e avaliação de programas que tematizam, do ponto de vista didático-pedagógico, jogos, esportes, lutas, ginásticas, danças, exercícios físicos, entre outros; com a intenção de influenciar a formação dos alunos para a participação democrática na vida em sociedade. Todavia, este consenso se dilui quando aplicado ao campo do currículo e da formação docente. No campo do currículo, apesar do reconhecimento de que a tematização didático-pedagógica se faz a partir de sentidos culturais e das potencialidades de estimulação do organismo humano que se apresentam nas manifestações da cultura de movimento; a intencionalidade, a organização curricular e a sistematização do conhecimento podem divergir consideravelmente modificando o papel do componente curricular na educação básica. Sendo assim, este texto analisa aspectos do desenvolvimento das teorias curriculares, relacionando-as às perspectivas teóricas em Educação Física. Em seguida, implicações deste debate são relacionadas à formação docente.

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La ciudad en tanto espacio amplio, heterogéneo y densificado ocupa un lugar particular en el estudio de fenómenos sociales. La tensión entre procesos intrínsecos, marcados por la transformación histórica de la ciudad, y tendencias globales como gentrificación y segregación del espacio urbano crea una compleja dinámica multidimensional que no solo se manifiesta en el aspecto físico, sino también en el imaginario colectivo del espacio urbano. Desde esta perspectiva del espacio-ciudad entendido como construcción social (en el sentido de la «producción del espacio social» de Lefèbvre 1974), percibido, concebido y vivido por quienes habitan en él, sus experiencias compartidas y sus objetivos comunes (Johnstone 2004: 69), la lengua adquiere un papel fundamental como medio de expresión y reflejo de las identidades urbanas. La ciudad se convierte en texto, en semiótica espacial. Las variedades en el uso de la lengua se convierten en símbolos espaciales, valorados e interpretados por los hablantes a base de un proceso perceptivo-selectivo y de sus representaciones extralingüísticas. Sirven, consciente o inconscientemente, para posicionarse dentro de la jerarquía urbana, provocan actitudes lingüísticas positivas o negativas. Por lo tanto, como ya lo hizo constar Labov en los años setenta, los habitantes de los grandes metrópolis se definen mucho más por sus actitudes y perjuicios lingüísticos marcados y persistentes que por las variedades que objetivamente hablan. Por eso, la perspectiva subjetiva de los hablantes, es decir, su percepción del espacio y de las diferencias en el uso de la lengua se considera cada vez más importante. El objetivo de esta ponencia es presentar consideraciones teóricas y metodológicas para el análisis de la percepción lingüística en el espacio urbano desde un enfoque interdisciplinario, poniendo en discusión conceptos de la Sociolingüística y de la Geografía Humana, como por ejemplo el uso de mapas cognitivos como representaciones del imaginario social, sobre el modelo del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, ciudad que, como es sabido, destaca por la identificación geográfica y la conciencia lingüística de sus habitantes.