1000 resultados para ENFERMEDADES, Hematológica


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Programa emitido el 12 de diciembre de 1994

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Se explican el instinto y los sentidos del perro, las enfermedades que puede transmitir al hombre y el control canino por medio de la chapa de vacunación, y la cartilla sanitaria.

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Resumen basado en el de los autores. Resumen en inglés

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Resumen en inglés. Resumen basado en el de la publicación

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El presente trabajo se orienta a establecer cuales fueron las enfermedades y las epidemias que afectaron a la población de las ciudades más importantes de la Audiencia de Quito durante el siglo XVIII: Quito y Guayaquil. A partir de ello, y de forma transversal al estudio, se pretende conocer de qué forma participó la Iglesia frente a los problemas de salud que aquejaron a la población urbana colonial. Esta investigación partió de la hipótesis de que enfermedades como la viruela, el sarampión y la fiebre amarilla no fueron las únicas que afectaron a la población de ambas ciudades durante el siglo XVIII, sino que hubo otras que, por sus características, pudieron tomar alcances epidemiológicos graves. Se efectúa una mirada hacia la práctica de los médicos y curanderos, la misma que se encontraba en manos de pocas personas que habían recibido sus títulos del protomedicato de Lima, así como de médicos que habían sido reconocidos como tales por ser los que ejercían purgas y sangrías y recetaban en las ciudades durante muchos años.

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Las siguientes páginas recogen la revisión bibliográfica y documental referente a las enfermedades más importantes que se produjeron en las ciudades de Quito y Guayaquil durante los siglos XIX y XX, lapso correspondiente al inicio y construcción de la época republicana. Se trabajó en este espacio temporal por dos razones: primero para dar continuidad a la investigación previa, que, sobre el mismo tema, fuera realizada para el siglo XVIII; segundo porque en estos siglos -XIX y XX- los conflictos de salud y los intentos por atender este problema, tuvieron particular importancia en la constitución social y política de los habitantes de los territorios que en la actualidad corresponden al Ecuador. De esta manera, además, nos encontramos en un intento de esbozar la situación de salud de los habitantes de nuestros territorios durante dos momentos: la época colonial, y la republicana.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

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A comparative study was made regarding the clinical and hematological alterations caused by isolates of Babesia bigemina from southeastern, northeastern and northern Brazil in experimentally infected Nelore calves. Eighteen calves between 7 and 9 months of age, without antibodies against Babesia sp and raised free from ticks, were used. Three animals were previously inoculated with 2.0×109 parasitic erythrocytes (PE) for each stabilate. The other 15 calves were subdivided into three groups, with five animals each, that were subinoculated with 1.0×1010 PE of the respective isolates. The clinical and hematological alterations were evaluated by the determination of parasitaemia, haemogram, plasmatic fibrinogen, reticulocyte count, descriptive analysis of the bone marrow and erythrocytic osmotic fragility, for 30 days, totalizing seven moments of observation. The follow-up of the immunological response by the indirect fluorescent antibody test was carried out daily until the 10th day after inoculation (DAI) and after that, on the 15th, 20th, 25th and 30th DAI. A mild clinical manifestation of the disease was observed. The laboratory findings revealed low levels of parasitaemia; decrease of the erythrogram values; absence of reticulocytes, initial decrease in the total count of leukocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes with a posterior elevation of the number of these cells; hypercellularity of the erythrocytic series and decrease of the myeloid: erythroid relation which was more accentuated between the 8th and 12th DAI, and an increase of the erythrocytic osmotic fragility in the groups inoculated with the Southeast and Northeast isolates. None of the three isolates of B. bigemina gave rise to the clinical characteristic form of the disease, although they induced an humoral immune response.

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The present research was carried out aiming to assess the hematological response of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis submitted to treatment. For this, seven animals naturally infected by Leishmania sp. were submitted to a treatment with 75 mg/kg meglumine antimoniate subcutaneously, 12-12h/3 weeks. In all animals, a complete blood count and bone marrow aspiration biopsy were carried out for a descriptive evaluation at up to seven moments: before the treatment, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days after the start of the treatment. Before the beginning of the experiment hematological alterations were observed in four of the seven dogs (57.1%), among them, nonregenerative anemia, lymphopenia, lymphocytosis and monocytosis. During the course of the experiment the occurrence of leukocytoses, such as left shift neutrophilia and eosinophilia, were observed in some of the animals. Before the beginning of the treatment (M1), the occurrence of erythrocytic hypoplasia was detected by bone marrow cytology in two of the dogs (28.6%). This was reversed through an increase in the amount of erythroid progenitor cells after the administration of meglumine antimoniate. Thus, it can be concluded that the treatment led to normalization of the hematological alterations and recovery of the bone marrow.

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Chronic degenerative diseases constitute one of the main causes of death at a global level, and their significant increase has alerted many countries, which are taking measures to reduce risk factors, some of which are modifiable; being the regular exercise a means of prevention and rehabilitation of these diseases. The objective of this revision is to analyze the necessary parameters to take into account for the prescription of an exercise program in patients with obesity, high blood pressure dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus type 2.