Sobre la traducción fraseológica

En este artículo presentamos un panorama general de la problemática de la traducción de los fraseologismos. La tradicional complejidad asociada a este ámbito traductológico deriva de la propia naturaleza de la significación fraseológica. Por ello, cualquier acercamiento interlingüístico a la fraseología ha de partir de una reflexión previa en torno a cómo las unidades fraseológicas (UF) realizan su función significativa. Como mostramos en este trabajo, los enfoques adoptados en este ámbito hasta ahora no indagan en toda la gama de aspectos que despliega la UF en su comportamiento comunicativo, por lo que la traductología fraseológica muestra la necesidad de una profunda reformulación de sus métodos. Dicha reformulación ha de adoptar, a nuestro juicio, el marco de la pragmática con el fin de dar cuenta del comportamiento fraseológico, tanto en el nivel del significado convencionalizado como el discursivo.

En torno al tratamiento lexicográfico de la fraseología humorística

Este trabajo centra su atención en la representación lexicográfica de la fraseología humorística. El humor, aun siendo un fenómeno eminentemente pragmático, forma parte del significado de algunas unidades fraseológicas (UF). Sin embargo, son confusos los criterios para considerar un fraseologismo como humorístico, lo cual provoca la disparidad de descripciones lexicográficas recogidas en distintos diccionarios. Por eso, tras un análisis de la significación fraseológica y de los puntos básicos del humor lingüístico, intentamos aunar ambos enfoques con el fin de elaborar pautas claras de determinación del carácter humorístico de algunas UF y, por ende, de la inclusión de la marca correspondiente en sus descripciones lexicográficas.

La fraseología en la clase de lengua extranjera: ¿misión imposible?

En este artículo ofrecemos una perspectiva diferente del aprendizaje y la enseñanza de la fraseología en clase de lengua extranjera (LE). Partiendo de la premisa sobre el carácter eminentemente holístico del lenguaje, concebimos las unidades fraseológicas (UF) como elementos habituales e inherentes en la comunicación verbal, por lo que no pueden excluirse del proceso de adquisición de la competencia comunicativa en una LE. Nuestra propuesta consiste en partir de la fraseología para optimizar el desarrollo de diversas subcompetencias de la competencia comunicativa. Para ello, resulta imprescindible indagar en la configuración y el funcionamiento del significado fraseológico, que, según defendemos en este trabajo, conforma un conjunto de informaciones de diversa índole que se articulan en dos niveles, el semántico y el pragmático. Tal indagación permite desarrollar una serie de consideraciones con interesantes implicaciones didácticas.

Fraseodidáctica: a fraseoloxía para a didáctica

In this article it is offered a different view of the role of phraseology in the foreign language class. Considering the holistic nature of language, phraseological units are conceived as inherent elements in the verbal communication, which confirms its importance in the formation process of the communicative competence in a foreign language. With attention to the modular conceptions of the communicative competence (Canale 1983) and of the phraseological meaning (Timofeeva 2012), it is proposed conceiving the phraseology as a starting point for developing the different parts of communicative competence. As it is explained, phraseological meaning is conformed by several informational chunks articulated in two levels, the semantic and the pragmatic. The connexions between these chunks and the parts of communicative competence allow to use more effectively the phraseological contents for the foreign language learning and teaching.

Phraseological translation

Almost all texts contain some complex lexical units, belonging to the phraseology of the language of a specialized field or of the general language. The translator must first identify this phraseologism, and then understand its meaning. However, it is not enough to propose an explanation in the target language: the translator has to establish its phraseologically equivalent lexical unit in meaning and in phraseological formulations.

Meaning in movement : a gestural design game

This paper describes a design game that we called 'Meaning in Movement'. The purpose was to explore notions of professional dental practice with dental practioners in terms of gestures, actions and movements. The game represents a first step towards involving gestures, actions and movements in a design dialog with practioners for the purpose of designing future interactive systems which are more appropriate to the type of skilful actions and richly structured environments of dentists and dental assistants.

Third-sector discourses and the future of (un)employment : skilled labor, new technologies, and the meaning of work

In this paper we analyse a 600,000 word corpus comprised of policy statements produced within supranational, national, state and local legislatures about the nature and causes of(un)employment. We identify significant rhetorical and discursive features deployed by third sector (un)employment policy authors that function to extend their legislative grasp to encompass the most intimate aspects of human association.

Predication, propagation, and mediation SFL, CDA, and the inculcation of evaluative meaning systems

In this chapter I propose a theoretical framework for understanding the role of mediation processes in the inculcation, maintenance, and change of evaluative meaning systems, or axiologies, and how such a perspective can provide a useful and complementary dimension to analysis for SFL and CDA. I argue that an understanding of mediation—the movement of meaning across time and space—is essential for the analysis of meaning. Using two related texts as examples, I show how an understanding of mediation can aid SFL and CDA practitioners in the analysis of social change.

Mixing colours: An ICT tool based on a semiotic framework for mathematical meaning-makng about ratio and fractions

This paper reports on the research and development of an ICT tool to facilitate the learning of ratio and fractions by adult prisoners. The design of the ICT tool was informed by a semiotic framework for mathematical meaning-making. The ICT tool thus employed multiple semiotic resources including topological, typological, and social-actional resources. The results showed that individual semiotic resource could only represent part of the mathematical concept, while at the same time it might signify something else to create a misconception. When multiple semiotic resources were utilised the mathematical ideas could be better learnt.

Inducing shades of meaning by matrix methods : a first step towards thematic analysis of opinion

This article explores two matrix methods to induce the ``shades of meaning" (SoM) of a word. A matrix representation of a word is computed from a corpus of traces based on the given word. Non-negative Matrix Factorisation (NMF) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) compute a set of vectors corresponding to a potential shade of meaning. The two methods were evaluated based on loss of conditional entropy with respect to two sets of manually tagged data. One set reflects concepts generally appearing in text, and the second set comprises words used for investigations into word sense disambiguation. Results show that for NMF consistently outperforms SVD for inducing both SoM of general concepts as well as word senses. The problem of inducing the shades of meaning of a word is more subtle than that of word sense induction and hence relevant to thematic analysis of opinion where nuances of opinion can arise.

Mixing colours : an ICT tool based on a semiotic framework for mathematical meaning-making about ratio and fractions

This paper reports on the research and development of an ICT tool to facilitate the learning of ratio and fractions by adult prisoners. The design of the ICT tool was informed by a semiotic framework for mathematical meaning-making. The ICT tool thus employed multiple semiotic resources including topological, typological, and social-actional resources. The results showed that individual semiotic resource could only represent part of the mathematical concept, while at the same time it might signify something else to create a misconception. When multiple semiotic resources were utilised the mathematical ideas could be better learnt.