Outorga onerosa do direito de construir e dinâmica do mercado imobiliário formal: planejamento e descaminhos na expansão urbana de Parnamirim RN (2008-2010)

The `Outorga Onerosa do Direito de Construir - OODC` (Public Concession of Building Rights), instrument instituted by The City Statute in 2001, has as main objective the recovery of urban property, seeking for a fair distribution the urbanization benefits. The possibility of usage of the OODC instrument is linked to the maximum utilization coefficient, determined to specific areas in accordance to existing infrastructure conditions, further taking into account the formal real estate market, expansion axis and crowding. Being an instrument which establishes values to be paid for a better use of land, it maintains a narrow relation to the real estate, incentivizing or discouraging the crowding in specific areas. The present study investigates the relationship between the criteria for the making of the Public Concession of Building Rights instrument and the dynamics of the formal real estate market. It takes as empiric universe Parnamirim (RN), part of the Natal Metropolitan Area (RN), focusing on the application of the OODC in the period of 2008-2010. It seeks to better understand the necessary basis for the formulation of the instrument, about how it works and its relation to the formal real estate market. It aims to depict the formal real estate market by presenting the production of urban space in Parnamirim in terms of intensity and nature of the real estate, furthermore identifying the licensed properties through the application of the municipality instrument. For the conclusion, it is discussed the criteria for the formation of OODC, its relationship to the dynamics of the formal real estate market and its influencing possibilities in the processes of usage and occupation of land in the context of urban planning

Outorga onerosa do direito de construir e dinâmica do mercado imobiliário formal: planejamento e descaminhos na expansão urbana de Parnamirim RN (2008-2010)

The `Outorga Onerosa do Direito de Construir - OODC` (Public Concession of Building Rights), instrument instituted by The City Statute in 2001, has as main objective the recovery of urban property, seeking for a fair distribution the urbanization benefits. The possibility of usage of the OODC instrument is linked to the maximum utilization coefficient, determined to specific areas in accordance to existing infrastructure conditions, further taking into account the formal real estate market, expansion axis and crowding. Being an instrument which establishes values to be paid for a better use of land, it maintains a narrow relation to the real estate, incentivizing or discouraging the crowding in specific areas. The present study investigates the relationship between the criteria for the making of the Public Concession of Building Rights instrument and the dynamics of the formal real estate market. It takes as empiric universe Parnamirim (RN), part of the Natal Metropolitan Area (RN), focusing on the application of the OODC in the period of 2008-2010. It seeks to better understand the necessary basis for the formulation of the instrument, about how it works and its relation to the formal real estate market. It aims to depict the formal real estate market by presenting the production of urban space in Parnamirim in terms of intensity and nature of the real estate, furthermore identifying the licensed properties through the application of the municipality instrument. For the conclusion, it is discussed the criteria for the formation of OODC, its relationship to the dynamics of the formal real estate market and its influencing possibilities in the processes of usage and occupation of land in the context of urban planning

Outorga onerosa do direito de construir e dinâmica do mercado imobiliário formal: planejamento e descaminhos na expansão urbana de Parnamirim RN (2008-2010)

The `Outorga Onerosa do Direito de Construir - OODC` (Public Concession of Building Rights), instrument instituted by The City Statute in 2001, has as main objective the recovery of urban property, seeking for a fair distribution the urbanization benefits. The possibility of usage of the OODC instrument is linked to the maximum utilization coefficient, determined to specific areas in accordance to existing infrastructure conditions, further taking into account the formal real estate market, expansion axis and crowding. Being an instrument which establishes values to be paid for a better use of land, it maintains a narrow relation to the real estate, incentivizing or discouraging the crowding in specific areas. The present study investigates the relationship between the criteria for the making of the Public Concession of Building Rights instrument and the dynamics of the formal real estate market. It takes as empiric universe Parnamirim (RN), part of the Natal Metropolitan Area (RN), focusing on the application of the OODC in the period of 2008-2010. It seeks to better understand the necessary basis for the formulation of the instrument, about how it works and its relation to the formal real estate market. It aims to depict the formal real estate market by presenting the production of urban space in Parnamirim in terms of intensity and nature of the real estate, furthermore identifying the licensed properties through the application of the municipality instrument. For the conclusion, it is discussed the criteria for the formation of OODC, its relationship to the dynamics of the formal real estate market and its influencing possibilities in the processes of usage and occupation of land in the context of urban planning

Captura de mais valias urbanas em São Paulo através do binômio solo criado/ outorga onerosa: análise do impacto do coeficiente de aproveitamento único como instrumento do plano diretor de 2002

Os dois objetivos de nossa pesquisa, quais sejam a) verificar quantos projetos foram aprovados, e quanto em contrapartidas econômicas aportaram para os cofres públicos depois da aprovação do Plano Diretor Estratégico de 2002 do Município de São Paulo e, b) a redução dos coeficientes de aproveitamento teria influenciado os preços dos terrenos afetados? Embora o primeiro objetivo tenha sido alcançado de forma indireta, pois não foi possível encontrar informação sobre cada projeto, conseguimos determinar quanto em contrapartidas econômicas foi obtido, e em que distritos o estoque de direitos adicionais de construção já se esgotou ou está prestes a se esgotar. Em relação à segunda questão verificamos que a redução dos coeficientes de aproveitamento não provocou nenhum efeito sobre os preços dos terrenos afetados. Nosso estudo também mostrou que é possível afirmar que depois da aprovação do Plano Diretor Estratégico do Município de São Paulo (2002) em todo o seu território se aplica o princípio da outorga onerosa e do solo criado. Se uma edificação ultrapassa o coeficiente de aproveitamento básico e deseja edificar até um máximo de 4 deverá pagar uma contrapartida financeira ao poder público.

Reflexos do Estatuto da cidade no direito de construir

Consultoria Legislativa - Área XI - Meio Ambiente e Direito Ambiental, Organização Territorial, Desenvolvimento Urbano e Regional.

O estudo prévio de impacto de vizinhança e sua exigibilidade para o exercício do direito de construir quando da criação do condomínio edilício à luz da Constituição

O presente estudo objetiva sublinhar o estudo prévio de impacto de vizinhança como instrumento de política urbana apto a conformar a autonomia privada do incorporador imobiliário no exercício do direito de construir o condomínio edilício a legalidade constitucional. O que justifica o debate é a necessidade de harmonizar,numa sociedade de risco, a liberdade de construir o condomínio edilício à proteção e não degradação do meio ambiente urbano, gerenciando os riscos e planejando a utilização e fruição dos recursos ambientais, apresentando um instrumento de política urbana que alie a livre iniciativa do incorporador imobiliário e a preservação ambiental urbana como meta. Nestes termos segue o problema do presente estudo:qual é o instrumento de política urbana que pode conformar a autonomia privada do incorporador imobiliário no exercício do direito de construir o condomínio edilício à legalidade constitucional?Para responder esta indagação buscou-se: escorçar o histórico dos aspectos jurídicos e econômicos na produção do condomínio edilício; relacionar o princípio do numerus clausus e da tipicidade nos direitos reais para distinguir o condomínio edilício como tipo de direito real; identificar o espaço para fixação do conteúdo do condomínio edilício pelo incorporador imobiliário na viabilização, instituição e constituição; sublinhar a legalidade constitucional como um método hermenêutico; identificar as premissas metodológicas da legalidade constitucional; identificar os valores constitucionais que irradiam no exercício do direito de construir o condomínio edilício na cidade; distinguir a noção contemporânea de vizinhança; sublinhar a disciplina jurídica do estudo prévio de impacto de vizinhança; e identificar os conteúdos dos fatores de investigação do estudo prévio de impacto de vizinhança, relacionando-os com a construção do condomínio edilício. A pesquisa teve um enfoque quali-quantitativo no tratamento dos dados levantados em censos e relatórios de pesquisa, segundo amostras estratificadas e de acessibilidade do universo pesquisado, com a utilização do método de procedimento descritivo, tendo como delineamento as bibliografias e documentos concernentes ao tema. Os resultados revelaram que a construção do condomínio edilício pode causar impactos na vizinhança; que o estudo prévio de impacto de vizinhança é o instrumento de política urbana necessário para conformar a autonomia privada do incorporador imobiliário, no exercício do direito de construir o condomínio edilício, a legalidade constitucional; que para exigi-lo depende de regulamentação legal municipal; e que é baixa esta regulamentação dentre os Municípios brasileiros.

O direito de propriedade e o direito de construir

O n.º 1 do art.º 62.º da Constituição da República Portuguesa (CRP) consagra a garantia do direito de propriedade, bem como a sua transmissão em vida ou por morte, ou seja, e como afirmam Jorge Miranda e Rui Medeiros1, as pessoas singulares e as pessoas colectivas gozam do direito de ter bens em propriedade, constituindo o direito de propriedade uma garantia institucional e um direito fundamental.

O Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida, o mercado imobiliário e o direito à cidade: análise dos impactos do programa na cidade de São Carlos - SP

This article discusses, in general matters, the economic and social motivations, the organization and development of the program Minha Casa Minha Vida, made in 2009, by Federal Government of Brazil. The objective of this work was to analyse the Brazilian economic and housing context, and the program relation with the Subprime international crisis, which has been started at United States in 2008, as well as analysing and discussing the logistics and the program accessibility. The MCMV program, part of the PAC – Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento – has the intention to combat the economic crisis that had been installed and also minimize the deficit housing of the country. From PAC's initial estimate, US$250 Bi, it has been spent US$129 Bi and it has already been approved more than US$125 Bi designated for the second stage of the program, whose the estimate of PAC2 is about one trillion and a half of brazilian reais. One million homes were built between 2009 and 2012, and the goal for 2014 is two million and a half of new residences. If comparing the current program with the oldest programs, progress were observed ,however, problems and inconsistences are clearly seen: in the real concernment, the truly beneficiary, and contradiction between a social and economic program to urban demands, among other situational factors. It’s also evident, the incentivation for a new residential and closed neighbourhoods, thereby adding to the fragmentation of the urban space, beyond of the exclusion socioespacial caused financing of residences in farest allotments. The capitalist production of the space it’s clearly thriving in analysis of thisfinancing package of the urban habitation, where the biggest glebas rise between central neighbourhood and the newest generated suburb, they evidence the negligence of the authorities in well managing the space, not executing the application of urban instruments of planning the social function, and...

Parcelamento do solo na periferia: anexação de novas áreas à malha urbana da região metropolitana de São Paulo

O Brasil sofreu nas últimas três décadas um processo de urbanização acelerada com características concentradoras, que teve como expoentes as grandes metrópoles regionais. Com o desenvolvimento polarizado das atividades urbanas e com a “falência das atividades rurais, a migração campo-cidade gerou aglomerados urbanos gigantescos, que consequentemente demandaram suportes físico-territoriais de grandes dimensões. Este trabalho discute, tomando como exemplo o processo de parcelamento do solo no entorno do município de São Paulo, como se realiza a anexação de novas áreas para fins habitacionais nas grandes cidades brasileira.

Proposta de zoneamento ambiental visando a proteção dos recursos hídricos de uma bacia hidrográfica

One of the most important natural resources for sustaining human life, water, has been losing the basic requirements of quality and quantity sufficient enough to attend the population due to water contamination'problems, often caused by human beings themselves. Because of this, the sources of this resource are often located in remote places of the natural environment to ensure the quality of the water. However, when urban expansion began to occupy these areas, which were once regarded as distant, environmental pollution problems began to occur due to occupation of the land without planning. Based on this occurrence, this study aims to propose environmental zoning for the Maxaranguape river watershed in order to protect its water resources. This is important because this river can serve as a source of supply for the metropolitan area of Natal, the capital of Rio Grande do Norte. In accordance to this proposition, the model of natural soil loss vulnerability (CREPANI et al., 2001), the model of aquifer pollution vulnerability (FOSTER et al., 2006), and the legal incompatibility map (CREPANI et al., 2001) were used to delimit the zones. All this was done with Geographic Information System (GIS) and also created a geographic database update of the basin. The results of the first model mentioned indicated that 63.67% of the basin was classified as moderately stable / vulnerable, 35.66% as moderately vulnerable, and 0.67% as vulnerable. The areas with high vulnerability degree correspond with sand dunes and river channels areas. The second model indicated that 2.84% of the basin has low vulnerability, 70.27%) has median vulnerability, and 26.76% and 0.13% has high vulnerability and extreme vulnerability, respectively. The areas with the highest vulnerability values also refer to part of the sand dunes and river channels besides other areas such as Pureza urban area. The legal incompatibility map indicated that the basin has 85.02 km2 of Permanent Protection Area (PPA) and 14.62% of this area has some incongruity of use. Based on these results it was possible to draw three main zones: Protection and Sustainable Use Zone (PSUZ), Protection and Environmental Restoration Zone (PERZ) and Environmental Control Zone, which are divided into A, B and C. The PSUZ refer to the coastal areas of the basin, where the sand dunes are located. These sites should be areas of environmental protection and of sustainable urban expansion. The ZPRA refer to river channels, which are in high need of rehabilitation. The third zone corresponds to the rest of the basin which should have, in general, the mapping of possible sources of contamination for further control on the use and occupation of the river

Ocorrência de clostrídios patogênicos em solo de pastagem da micro-região de Jaboticabal, SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da contaminação por hidrocarbonetos do solo e da água da região de Avaré

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

O Litoral e a metrópole dinâmica imobiliária, turismo e expansão urbana na região metropolitana de Natal-RN

The metropolitan regions of Northeast Brazil are being gradually included in a scenario of international investments, which are motivated by the restructuring of both touristic and real-estate sectors. The new capital, real-estate developers and space configurations that result from this process indicate the need for the creation and implementation of public tools which should, at least, allow the mitigation of the urban impacts and environmental losses resulting from this situation. The effects on landscape and on the socio-spatial configuration result from the intensification caused by the dynamism of the "real estate-tourism" sector. There is a regional integration as an expression of the urban expansion of the metropolitan area of Natal. This study investigates the uniqueness of the restructuring and territorial integration of coastal areas and the strategies of the circuit of capital accumulation formed by linking the real estate to tourism. It is intended to increase the understanding about the strategies of tourism, real estate and public policy agents involved in this territorial reconfiguration and in the fund-raising needed for the investments, to understand the existing social and environmental effects and their future trends and also to understand the forms of spatial production as results from the practices of approaching the land transformation and the tourism valorization of the landscape, in a synchronous manner, first in the Northeast region and, as a focal study, in the Metropolitan Area of Natal. Likewise, it is intended to apprehend the current processes of metropolization of the eastern coast of Rio Grande do Norte, in addition to indicate its physical-territorial transformation and the types of projects/developments promoted by the market in the recent period. Based upon analysis undertaken for the Metropolitan Region of Natal RN, this piece of work presents some considerations on possible legal instruments that can be adjusted to the municipalities which are experiencing the impact of this peculiar and recent phenomenon in the region, caused by the arrival of the real estate-touristic capital. It is also intended to point out basic proposals to the forms of public intervention, in a speculative way, starting from a Metropolitan Planning project within a medium and long term