British anthologies /

Includes indexes.

Without an Alibi

The project is a book collection of 65 poems, primarily with an environmental focus. This practice-led project draws on eco-critical theory (Wilson, 1992; and Bate, 2000) and Darwinian literary theory (Carroll, 2004) to explore ideas of ecology, the ‘natural’, and conservation. The poems explore a proposal of synthesis: that nature is for us both a construction of language/culture (as argued by post structuralism/ cultural studies) and also a pragmatic, empirical entity that can be experienced through the senses as well as through culture. For example, individual poems describe genres of ‘forest’ (‘Literary Forests’, ‘The Conservative Forest’, ‘The Imperial Forest’) which demonstrate how ‘nature’ can be culturally constructed, but also remain an empirical entity with which we experience a more immediate, physical connection, as posited by Bate (following Heidegger’s ‘being-in-the-world’) . The work also explores through satire the concept of evolutionary adaptation, for example the integration of machine into forest (‘The Black Forest’), animals adopting human characteristics (‘In Praise of Bears’), and ‘nature’ as a damaged or absent ‘other’. Without an Alibi makes various strands of theoretical thinking concrete and manifest by ‘showing not telling’, in creative practice. The work has been high positively reviewed in the prestigious Australian Book Review, and by Professor Peter Pierce in the Canberra Times. Several of the poems have since been reproduced in national anthologies including The Penguin Anthology of Australian Poetry (2000) and Australian Poetry Since 1988 (Uni of NSW Press).

Confucian education and enlightenment for the masses in the manner of Guwen guanzhi

The topic of this study is the most renowned anthology of essays written in Literary Chinese, Guwen guanzhi, compiled and edited by Wu Chengquan (Chucai) and Wu Dazhi (Diaohou), and first published during the Qing dynasty, in 1695. Because of the low social standing of the compilers, their anthology remained outside the recommended study materials produced by members of the established literati and used for preparing students in the imperial civil-service examinations. However, since the end of the imperial era, Guwen guanzhi has risen to a position as the classical anthology par excellence. Today it is widely used as required or supplementary reading material of Literary Chinese in middle-schools both in Mainland China and on Taiwan. The goal of this study is to explain the persistent longevity of the anthology. So far, Guwen guanzhi has not been a topic of any published academic study, and the opinions expressed on it in various sources are widely discrepant. Through a comparative study with a dozen classical Chinese anthologies in use during the early Qing dynasty, this study reveals the extent to which the compilers of Guwen guanzhi modelled their work after other selections. Altogether 86 % of the texts in Guwen guanzhi originate from another Qing era anthology, Guwen xiyi, often copied character by character. However, the notes and commentaries are all different. Concentrating on the special characteristics unique to Guwen guanzhi—the commentaries and certain peculiarities in the selection of texts—this study then discusses the possible reasons for the popularity of Guwen guanzhi over the competing readers during the Qing era. Most remarkably, Guwen guanzhi put in practise the equalitarian, educational ideals of the Ming philosopher Wang Shouren (Yangming). Thus Guwen guanzhi suited the self-enlightenment needs of the ”subordinate classes”, in particular the rising middle-class comprised mainly of merchants. The lack of moral teleology, together with the compact size, relative comprehensiveness of the selection and good notes and comments, have made Guwen guanzhi well suited for the new society since the abolition of the imperial examination system. Through a content analysis, based on a sample of the texts, this study measures the relative emphasis on centralism and localism (both in concrete and spiritual terms) expressed in the texts of Guwen guanzhi. The analysis shows that the texts manifest some bias towards emphasising innate virtue on the expense of state-defined moral. This may reflect hidden critique towards intellectual oppression by the centralised imperial rule. During the early decades of the Qing era, such critique was often linked to Ming-loyalism. Finally, this study concludes that the kind of ”spiritual localism” that Guwen guanzhi manifests gives it the potential to undermine monolithic orthodoxy even in today’s Chinese societies. This study has progressed hand in hand with the translation of a selection of texts from Guwen guanzhi into Finnish, published by Gaudeamus Helsinki University Press: Jadekasvot – Valittuja tarinoita Kiinan muinaisajoilta (2005), Jadelähde – Valittuja kirjoituksia Kiinan keskiajalta (2007) and Jadepeili – Valittuja kirjoituksia keisarillisen Kiinan kulta-ajoilta (2008). All translations are critical editions, complete with extensive notation. The trilogy is the first comprehensive translation based on Guwen guanzhi in a European language.

Det översättande jaget: homo significans – homo interpres

Abstract (The translating subject: Homo significans – homo interpres): A whole discipline, translation studies, is built around the translator’s acts and the translating event. What is the translating subject? How is (s)he working and why? I discuss some aspects of the translating subject, analyzed from literary translators’ descriptions of themselves in anthologies. Within the theoretical framework of semiotics and hermeneutics, I comment on the creative processes of literary translators, where they act as a medium in the translator’s space: an encounter of the author, the translator, and the reader. With respect to reading, interpreting, and translating a text, the translating subject is a homo interpres, i.e. a homo significans producing meaning. The goal of the translating subject is the chiasm of semiosis, the dynamic process when meaning is manifested in the semiosphere. The mission for the translating subject is to deal with the paradox: to create the same but other text. For the complexity of the act of reading, interpreting, and translating texts, I use the concept of palimpsest.

Viel, así en el cielo como en el canon : un lugar en el corpus de la poesía argentina

Resumen: Para analizar cuál es el lugar de Héctor Viel Temperley en las letras argentinas tomamos el movimiento editorial en torno de él, sobre todo la edición y reedición de sus obras y, por otro lado, relevamos antologías poéticas. En la labor, sorpresivamente, aparecen rasgos reveladores que desmienten el supuesto acerca de su haber sido ignoto; por otro lado, hemos hallado elementos que iluminan áreas no estudiadas, las que en nuestra investigación —aún en marcha— se van mostrando fundantes. Asimismo, consideramos su papel como ícono motivador en algunas obras recientes, movilizador, afectiva y conceptualmente, de cierto cúmulo de contenidos.

'Neo-Latin Writing in the British Isles'

This chapter seeks to identify cultural and generic trends and authorial methodologies that may serve to unify or to differentiate between the histories of neo-Latin literature in England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. It considers ways in which Latin served to bridge horizontal spaces (both physical and metaphorical) between four British regions, between neo-Latin writers in Britain and their continental predecessors and peers, and between Latin and the respective vernacular(s). It also examines vertical spaces (both chronological and cultural) between the neo-Latin and the classical Latin text, and between the linear demarcations of ‘early modern’, ‘Augustan’ and ‘Romantic’. An assessment of links between nationhood and the neo-Latin text as evinced by anthologies, antiquarian and quasi-historical writing, is followed by examples of generic continuity and metamorphosis in the British neo-Latin pastoral, ode and epigram. The concluding sections offer two generic case-studies (neo-Latin epic and didactic) both of which, it is argued, engendered the birth of specifically British versions of the mock-heroic and mock-didactic.

The reception of British literature under dictatorships in Hungary and Portugal

Esta tese tem como objectivo comparar aspectos da recepção da literatura britânica durante o Estado Novo em Portugal, e na Hungria durante a era comunista. Na primeira parte da dissertação fica contextualizada e analisada a alteração da posição da literatura britânica nos dois países, enquanto na segunda parte se comparam facetas da recepção da mesma, contrastando as traduções literárias publicadas em Portugal e na Hungria entre 1949 e 1974, altura em que ambos os países foram dirigidos simultaneamente por regimes autocratas. Este estudo faz-se, em parte, através da comparação de manuais escolares e seletas, a fim de examinar os diferentes métodos usados pelos dois regimes ditatoriais politicamente opostos na tentativa de moldarem os seus leitores. É dada especial atenção à literatura proibida e aos motivos para as atitudes restritivas diferenciadas em relação a certos escritores na era de Salazar e na Hungria durante o período de Bloco de Leste. A tese conclui que a abordagem divergente em relação às obras literárias britânicas, bem como à literatura em geral, é principalmente enraizada na ideologia de governação diametralmente oposta dos dois regimes ditatoriais. A crença idealista no poder educativo da literatura em estabelecer o socialismo na Hungria está em nítido contraste com a política de cultura obscurantista do Estado Novo. Mesmo quando o apoio à literatura britânica não era uma das principais prioridades da esfera cultural húngara, parece evidente que a literatura canónica britânica teve uma recepção mais favorável na Hungria comunista do que no Estado Novo.

Les recueils de correspondances des poilus, vers une mémoire collective française de la Grande Guerre

Ma recherche vise, d’une part, à appréhender le phénomène de la publication des correspondances des « poilus » (les soldats français de la Première Guerre mondiale) et d’autre part, à déterminer leur rôle dans la mémoire collective de la Grande Guerre. Précédé d’un bilan historiographique, mon travail se divise en trois chapitres autour de trois thèmes principaux, la correspondance, l’édition et la mémoire. Le premier chapitre met en contexte la production des lettres et identifie les facteurs l’influençant. Le deuxième chapitre se penche sur les buts éditoriaux des publications de correspondances et sur leur transformation au fil des époques. Finalement, le dernier chapitre analyse la place de ces publications dans le cadre de la commémoration de la Grande Guerre. La recherche va au-delà de l’analyse des lettres et s’intéresse davantage aux desseins éditoriaux des recueils. Les sources utilisées sont des ouvrages collectifs publiant des lettres de poilus, édités entre 1922 (La dernière lettre) et 2006 (Paroles de Verdun).

Écrire la théorie littéraire : l'œuvre littéraire de John Cage et la révision du commentaire critique

Toutes les illustrations qui ponctuent cette thèse ont été réalisées par Chantal Poirier. Elles ont été insérées dans le texte selon un ordre méticuleusement aléatoire.

La poésie graphique : Christian Dotremont, Roland Giguère, Henri Michaux et Jérôme Peignot

Réalisé en cotutelle avec l'Université de la Sorbonne - Paris IV

Les jeux du dissemblable : folie, marge et féminin en littérature haïtienne contemporaine

Depuis la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle et le tournant du millénaire, pourquoi se multiplient des figures de la folie et du féminin dans le paysage littéraire haïtien ? En remarquant les grandes tendances qui font coïncider l’expression de la catastrophe, de la défaite du sens et l’apparition de personnages et de figures féminins majeurs dans des œuvres de tous genres, mon interrogation porte sur la folie, la marge et le féminin dans la littérature haïtienne contemporaine en tant qu’expressions concourantes de la dissemblance. Je me penche ainsi, dans des œuvres marquantes, sur le jeu rhétorique des postures de la dissemblance et la manière dont elles pointent depuis le texte vers un au-delà de l’œuvre, soit ce qui en elle indique l’ «espace ménagé» de sa propre faillite ainsi que le travail de la lecture et de la création. Pour cela, il a fallu, à partir des limites (de l’œuvre, de la norme), construire une réflexion capable d’aménager aussi l’espace de sa propre contestation. Dans le premier chapitre, à partir du récit fondateur « Folie », de Marie Chauvet, je pose le problème de la folie en me penchant sur les configurations inaugurales qui me semblent mettre la scène du littéraire contemporain haïtien. J’en profite pour préciser l’approche rhétorique qui me permettra d’aborder les textes littéraires, tout en réfléchissant sur les enjeux théoriques posés par une lecture de la folie comme absence d’œuvre. En m’appuyant sur Chauvet et sur les travaux de Felman, je définis les modalités d’une lecture impliquée. Dans le second chapitre, je brosse un portrait complexe du contemporain haïtien, tel qu’il est médié et rendu à travers les « anthologies » essentielles de Davertige et de Frankétienne. Ces deux œuvres sont l’occasion de poursuivre une interrogation sur les limites en remarquant les formes et les enjeux mobilisés dans le littéraire par les élaborations de la marge, de la mémoire traumatique et de la folie. Une telle approche est aussi l’occasion d’une réflexion de fond sur le contemporain haïtien, abordé d’emblée comme panorama et comme problème façonné et façonnant des sujets d’écriture. Enfin, dans le troisième chapitre, je me penche sur les filiations larvées qui permettent aux configurations précédemment décrites de persister, alors que le féminin, comme dissemblance, négocie sa place du côté de la marge ou de la folie, dans les textes plus récents de Jan Dominique et de Lyonel Trouillot. Les réflexions que je propose sur les destinations, sur l’œuvre impossible ou absente (Foucault) me permettent de distinguer les processus de différenciation spécifiques de la marge et de la folie, mais surtout d’apercevoir, au cœur du texte littéraire, la folie comme l’absence essentielle où se risque et se joue la création. Le dissemblable devient alors cet objet fuyant d’une lecture impliquée dans laquelle, le regard critique s’adossant à une écriture littéraire chargée d’en interrompre systématiquement le flux, constitue en effet ce « moment insolite de la théorie» (Felman), qui, dévoilant son propre jeu rhétorique, maintient la théorie en échec tout en la faisant parler.

A representação do desejo nos epigramas eróticos helenísticos: estudo do masculino e do feminino nos livros 5 e 12 da Antologia Palatina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)