A LIBERDADE RESTRITA DO AEDO HOMÉRICO

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir a posição do aedo profissional nos poemas homéricos, em especial, na Odisséia, da qual serão examinados os percursos de Fêmio e do aedo de Micenas. Nosso interesse principal será verificar de que forma o trabalho do aedo encontra-se condicionado por duas variáveis principais: a tradição, que, na sua acepção sacra, denomina-se Musa, e o poder político, qual seja, aquele dos reis e nobres aos quais os aedos se subordinam. Defenderemos a tese de que, por menor que seja, há um espaço de liberdade do qual o aedo pode lançar mão, seja em relação à tradição, já que diferentes ocasiões de performance e, conseqüentemente, de público, influenciam razoavelmente no modo como ele conta determinada história tradicional, seja em relação às estruturas de poder, quando, porém, a independência do aedo pode se manifestar justamente na recusa de mudar seu canto.

LIBERDADE À LUZ DO CÉU PROFUNDO: A NACIONALIDADE E A LITERATURA COMPARADA

This article aims at explaining conceptual transformations undergone by the idea of nationality during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, relating them to literary production and comparative literature. The freedom to associate ideas, cultures, texts of different countries is an essential comparative procedure also needed to understand the globalized world. These issues are studied in the novels Paradise, written by Toni Morrison, and Rosa Maria Egipcíaca da Vera Cruz, by Heloisa Maranhão, both first published in 1997. 

The representation of the northeastern migrant: interstices and culture in the figure of Francisco da Silva in "Liberdade", by Ruth Laus

It serves as the object of analysis of this article the representation of the northeastern migrant in the figure of the male character Francisco da Silva, protagonist of the short story "Liberdade", by Ruth Laus, as a fictional character who lives "in an interrogatory, interstitial space between the act of representation [...] and the presence of community itself" (Bhabha, 1998, p. 22) where he comes to enter and to settle. Chico, as he is known, embarks on a crowded truck, and his fate, like that of many other migrants, is the Southeast region of Brazil, where, between São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, he chooses the sea. To the same extent, beyond the concept(s) of culture(s), and the need to (re)think the concept of [cultural] human community - here adding the cultural term to the proposal of Bhabha (1998), as a way of thinking about the role of the individual - are taken and analyzed, also, the cultural identity concepts based on the difference itself. It is thought in what way, then, and through what imposing character, the wealth and the values ​​of the Northeast, although managed to be spread on national home soil, yet not are conspicuous by their guarantee of permanence of its inhabitants in their homeland.