Comparison of space analysis performed on plaster vs. digital dental casts applying Tanaka and Johnston's equation

OBJETIVO: comparar medidas de tamanhos dentários, suas reprodutibilidades e a aplicação da equação de regressão de Tanaka e Johnston na predição do tamanho dos caninos e pré-molares em modelos de gesso e digital. MÉTODOS: trinta modelos de gesso foram escaneados para obtenção dos modelos digitais. As medidas do comprimento mesiodistal dos dentes foram obtidas com paquímetro digital nos modelos de gesso e nos modelos digitais utilizando o software O3d (Widialabs). A somatória do tamanho dos incisivos inferiores foi utilizada para obter os valores de predição do tamanho dos pré-molares e caninos utilizando equação de regressão, e esses valores foram comparados ao tamanho real dos dentes. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente, aplicando-se aos resultados o teste de correlação de Pearson, a fórmula de Dahlberg, o teste t pareado e a análise de variância (p < 0,05). RESULTADOS: excelente concordância intraexaminador foi observada nas medidas realizadas em ambos os modelos. O erro aleatório não esteve presente nas medidas obtidas com paquímetro, e o erro sistemático foi mais frequente no modelo digital. A previsão de espaço obtida pela aplicação da equação de regressão foi maior que a somatória dos pré-molares e caninos presentes nos modelos de gesso e nos modelos digitais. CONCLUSÃO: apesar da boa reprodutibilidade das medidas realizadas em ambos os modelos, a maioria das medidas dos modelos digitais foram superiores às do modelos de gesso. O espaço previsto foi superestimado em ambos os modelos e significativamente maior nos modelos digitais.

High tech garbage can help engineering colleges to improve hands-on education

This paper presents a discussion on the potential use of high tech garbage, including electronic waste (e-waste), as a source of mechanisms, sensors and actuators, that can be adapted to improve the reality of microprocessor systems labs, at low cost. By means of some examples, it is shown that entire subsystems withdrawn of high tech equipments can be easily integrated into existing laboratory infrastructure. As examples, first a precision positioning mechanism is presented, which was taken from a discarded commercial ink jet printer and interfaced with a microprocessor board used in the laboratory classes. Secondly, a read/write head and its positioning mechanism has been withdrawn of a retired CD/DVD drive and again interfaced with the microprocessor board. Students who have been using these new experiments strongly approve their inclusion in the lab schedules. © 2011 IEEE.

Performance of a New One-step Multi-mode Adhesive on Etched vs Non-etched Enamel on Bond Strength and Interfacial Morphology

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

"Will It Rain?" Activities Investigating Aerosol Hygroscopicity and Deliquescence

Climate change and its consequences seem to be increasingly evident in our daily lives. However, is it possible for students to identify a relationship between these large-scale events and the chemistry taught in the classroom? The aim of the present work is to demonstrate that chemistry can assist in elucidating important environmental issues. Simple experiments are used to demonstrate the mechanism of cloud formation, as well as the influence of anthropogenic and natural emissions on the precipitation process. The experiments presented show the way in which particles of soluble salts commonly found in the environment can absorb water in the atmosphere and influence cloud formation.

Uncaria tomentosa Aqueous-ethanol Extract Triggers an Immunomodulation toward a Th2 Cytokine Profile

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Chitinolytic activities in the gut of Aedes aegypti (Diptera : Culicidae) larvae and their role in digestion of chitin-rich structures

Mosquito larvae are believed to be capable of digesting chitin, an insoluble polysaccharide of N-acetylglucosamine, for their nutritional benefit. Studies based on physiological and biochemical assays were conducted in order to detect the presence of chitinase activities in the gut of the detritus-feeding Aedes aegypti larvae. Larvae placed for 24 h in suspensions of chitin azure were able to digest the ingested chitin. Semi-denaturing PAGE using glycol chitin and two fluorogenic substrate analogues showed the presence of two distinct chitinase activities: an endochitinase that catalyzed the hydrolysis of chitin and an endochitinase that cleaved the short substrates [4MU(GlcNAc)(3)] and [4MU(GlcNAc)(2)] that hydrolyzed the chitobioside [4MU(GlcNAc)(2)]. The endochitinase had an extremely broad pH-activity against glycol chitin and chitin azure, pH ranging from 4.0 to 10.0. When the substrate [4MU(GlcNAc)(3)] was used, two activities were observed at pH ranges 4.0-6.0 and 8.0-10.0. Chitinase activity against [4MU(GlcNAc)(3)] was detected throughout the gut with the highest specific activity in the hindgut. The pH of the gut contents was determined by observing color changes in gut after feeding the larvae with color indicator dyes. It was observed a correlation between the pH observed in the gut of feeding larvae (pH 10-6.0) and the optimum pH for gut chitinase activities. In this work, we report that gut chitinases may be involved in the digestion of chitin-containing structures and also in the partial degradation of the chitinous peritrophic matrix in the hindgut. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Physical and postural aspects of teachers during work activity

Studies indicate that teachers constitute a professional segment, in which the work characteristics and the demands originating from the act of teaching, favor the emergence of sickness, concerning physical or emotional aspects. The present work aimed to describe physical and postural aspects during the working activity of teachers. A total of 120 elementary school teachers (1st to 8th grade) took part in the survey. For data collection, a questionnaire was applied: it included personal and occupational information, perception of discomfort and being off work; physical strength activities; posture at work and physical conditioning activities. The average age of teachers of the present sample corresponds to 35,8 years. In relation to activities which generate more physical strength, the answer none of the activities was predominant with 30 answers; followed by writing on the board, standing up during the period of classes, explanation of the subjects, class elaboration, correction of homework and others. The area of the body with higher amount of occurrences and prevalent discomfort referred to the lower limbs and spinal cord. These data inform the necessity of investing in prevention programs for the teachers, in order to develop strategies into the organizational context and interventions at the work environment.

Forum: social network for the surveillance and prevention of workplace accidents

In 2008, academic researchers and public service officials created a university extension studies platform based on online and on-site meetings denominated "Work-Related Accidents Forum: Analysis, Prevention, and Other Relevant Aspects. Its aim was to help public agents and social partners to propagate a systemic approach that would be helpful in the surveillance and prevention of work-related accidents. This article describes and analyses such a platform. Online access is free and structured to: support dissemination of updated concepts; support on-site meetings and capacity to build educational activities; and keep a permanent space for debate among the registered participants. The desired result is the propagation of a social-technical-systemic view of work-related accidents that replaces the current traditional view that emphasizes human error and results in blaming the victims. The Forum uses an educational approach known as permanent health education, which is based on the experience and needs of workers and encourages debate among participants. The forum adopts a problematizing pedagogy that starts from the requirements and experiences of the social actors and stimulates support and discussions among them in line with an ongoing health educational approach. The current challenge is to turn the platform into a social networking website in order to broaden its links with society.

Paulo Duarte (1899-1984): um intelectual nas trincheiras da memória

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da segurança e da atividade imunomoduladora dos extratos de Uncaria tomenosa e Uncaria guianensis sobre a patogenia dos Diabetes Melito autoimune induzido pela estreptozotocina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

The use of mechanical aeration and its effects on water mass

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Dinâmica de transposição de herbicida através de palha de aveia-preta utilizando diferentes pontas de pulverização

A transposição da palha por herbicidas aplicados em pré ou pós-emergência durante a aplicação é determinante na sua eficiência, dinâmica e impacto ambiental. O experimento foi conduzido no Núcleo de Pesquisas Avançadas em Matologia - FCA/UNESP, campus de Botucatu-SP, tendo como objetivo avaliar o desempenho de diferentes modelos de pontas de pulverização na transposição em quantidades crescentes de palha de aveia-preta (Avena strigosa). Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelo monitoramento do traçador corante Azul Brilhante (FDC-1) a 3.000 ppm, pulverizado com as pontas de pulverização XR11002-VS, TJ60-11002VS, FL-5VS, DG11002-VS, TXVK-8, TT11002-VP e AI11002-VS, utilizando, respectivamente, as pressões de trabalho de 1,4; 2,0; 1,5; 2,0; 4,9; 3,0 e 3,0 kgf cm² e volume de calda de 200, 200, 428, 200, 213 e 270 L ha-1 sobre quantidades de 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 e 12 t ha-1 de palha de aveia-preta. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com sete tratamentos e cinco repetições, as quais foram constituídas de caixas plásticas com palha acondicionada sobre um fundo falso de área conhecida, sendo este lavado após as aplicações, para posterior quantificação do traçador em espectrofotometria. O modelo de Mitscherlich simplificado (Y = 10 ^ (2 - (C*X))) mostrou ajuste satisfatório para os dados originais de traçador que transpôs a palha, apresentando coeficientes de determinação (R²) elevados, oscilando entre 0,9782 e 0,9971. Todos os modelos de pontas de pulverização mostraram-se similares na transposição da palha pelo traçador. As porcentagens médias de transposição foram de 43,00; 18,77; 3,73; 0,78; 0,17; 0,04 e 0,01% para as quantidades de 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 e 12 t ha-1 de palha, respectivamente.

Antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of the naphthoquinone 5-methoxy-3,4-dehydroxanthomegnin

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cost assessment of efficiency losses in hydroelectric plants

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)