A credibilidade do testemunho da criança vítima de abuso sexual no contexto judiciário

Violência sexual contra crianças não é um evento incomum; no entanto, há a dificuldade de denúncia, pois, além do estabelecimento da relação de dominação que o agressor exerce sobre a vítima, a maneira como tal fato é recebido pela sociedade e como é encaminhado pelas instituições judiciárias responsáveis também é determinante para as omissões. Inserida no universo dos interrogatórios, muitas vezes, a criança causa confusão ao desmentir o que havia falado antes, reforçando possíveis preconceitos em relação a si mesma. O presente trabalho traz a análise das relações entre a infância e a instituição judiciária, com principal enfoque no sistema de comunicação e de notificação dos crimes sexuais contra a criança e as consequentes intervenções profissionais que buscam a validação, ou não, de seu testemunho. Para tanto, foram pesquisados 51 processos judiciais, dos quais foram selecionados dois casos exemplares. Este trabalho evidencia a possibilidade de preservar a criança da revitimização causada pela multiplicidade de interrogatórios, sem deixar de cumprir as normas jurídicas necessárias. A fragilidade da palavra da criança está na forma como é acolhida pelos adultos, desde a revelação na família até a denúncia aos órgãos oficiais, revelando a urgência de alterações nos procedimentos judiciais relacionados a essa problemática

Papel da lipoperoxidação na intensificação da remodelação causada pelo betacaroteno após o infarto

FUNDAMENTO: Os mecanismos envolvidos na maior remodelação causada pelo betacaroteno após o infarto são desconhecidos. OBJETIVO: Analisar o papel da lipoperoxidação na remodelação ventricular após o infarto do miocárdio, em ratos suplementados com betacaroteno. MÉTODOS: Ratos foram infartados e distribuídos em dois grupos: C (controle) e BC (500mg/kg/dieta). Após seis meses, foram realizados ecocardiograma e avaliação bioquímica. Utilizamos o teste t, com significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Os animais do grupo BC apresentaram maiores médias das áreas diastólicas (C = 1,57 ± 0,4 mm²/g, BC = 2,09 ± 0,3 mm²/g; p < 0,001) e sistólicas (C = 1,05 ± 0,3 mm²/g, BC = 1,61 ± 0,3 mm²/g; p < 0,001) do VE, ajustadas ao peso corporal do rato. A função sistólica do VE, avaliada pela fração de variação de área, foi menor nos animais suplementados com betacaroteno (C = 31,9 ± 9,3 %, BC = 23,6 ± 5,1 %; p = 0,006). Os animais suplementados com betacaroteno apresentaram valores maiores da relação E/A (C = 2,7 ± 2,5, BC = 5,1 ± 2,8; p = 0,036). Não foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos em relação aos níveis cardíacos de GSH (C = 21 ± 8 nmol/mg de proteína, BC = 37 ±15 nmol/mg de proteína; p = 0,086), GSSG (C = 0,4 (0,3-0,5) nmol/g de proteína, BC = 0,8 (0,4-1,0; p = 0,19) de proteína; p = 0,246) e lipoperóxidos (C = 0,4 ± 0,2 nmol/mg de tecido, BC = 0,2 ± 0,1 nmol/mg de tecido; p = 0,086). CONCLUSÃO: A maior remodelação em animais infartados e suplementados com betacaroteno não depende da lipoperoxidação.

Treinamento físico durante a recuperação nutricional não afeta o metabolismo muscular da glicose de ratos

O presente estudo visou avaliar a ingestão alimentar, ganho de peso e metabolismo muscular da glicose em ratos submetidos ao treinamento aeróbio durante recuperação de desnutrição protéica. Para isso, 60 ratos da linhagem Wistar, machos, foram separados nos grupos normoprotéico (NP) e hipoprotéico (HP), de acordo com a dieta NP (17% de proteína) ou HP (6% de proteína), respectivamente, recebida do desmame (21 dias) aos 90 dias de idade. Todos os animais passaram então, a receber a dieta NP e foram submetidos (treinado TRE) ou não (sedentário - SED) ao treinamento físico, que consistiu de corrida em esteira rolante, 25m/min, 50 minutos ao dia, cinco dias na semana, durante 30 dias, compondo os grupos NP-SED, NP-TRE, HP/NP-SED e HP/NP-TRE. Foi avaliado o metabolismo da glicose em fatias de músculo sóleo incubado em presença de insulina (100miU/L) e glicose (5,5mM, contendo [C14] glicose e [H³] 2-deoxiglicose). A ingestão alimentar diária (g/100g de peso corporal) do grupo HP/NP-TRE (24,39 ± 4,07) foi maior do que o grupo HP/NP-SED (21,62 ± 4,69). O ganho de peso (g) foi semelhante nos grupos HP/NP-TRE (203,80 ± 34,03) e HP/NP-SED (214,43 ± 30,54). Não houve diferença entre estes dois grupos quanto aos parâmetros: captação de glicose, oxidação de glicose e síntese de glicogênio pelo músculo sóleo. Desse modo, pudemos concluir que o treinamento aeróbio não teve impacto sobre a recuperação nutricional, visto que não houve diferenças metabólicas ou somáticas entre animais recuperados em presença ou ausência do treinamento.

Motivos que influenciam a não-realização do exame de papanicolaou segundo a percepção de mulheres

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os motivos que influenciaram um grupo de mulheres a nunca ter realizado o exame de Papanicolaou mesmo após iniciarem a atividade sexual. É uma pesquisa qualitativa. Utilizou-se a entrevista a partir da questão norteadora: Por que você nunca tinha realizado o exame preventivo anteriormente? A técnica da análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin foi utilizada para a análise das descrições. As mulheres demonstraram desconhecimento do câncer, da técnica e da importância do preventivo. Revelaram ainda medo na realização e resultado do exame. A vergonha e o constrangimento foram sentimentos expressados por elas pela exposição da intimidade a que se submetem. Expressaram ainda possuírem valores culturais que dificultam mudança de atitude. O acesso ao serviço, ter emprego e filhos também foram relatados como impedimento. Os resultados mostram a importância de ações educativas sobre a necessidade do preventivo ao iniciar as atividades sexuais e desmistificar a técnica e resultado.

Formação do professor de educação física para inclusão de alunos com deficiência

The paper aims to describe the steps undertaken in the development of a training program to prepare the physical education teacher to meet the demand of inclusion of students with disabilities. Seventeen physical education teachers who worked in public schools, from 1st to 5th grade, participated in the first step. The Data were collected through focus group. The analysis was performed in categories. Two teachers participated in Stage 2, which consists of 28 classes that there was a student with disabilities enrolled. The reports focus group identified eight different subcategories of difficulties: 1 ) Training , 2) Administrative-school issue ; 3 ) Student ; 4 ) Diagnosis ; 5 ) Family ; 6 ) Teaching resource ; 7 ) Strategies ; 8 ) Physical Education. The filming analysis enabled to identify difficulties and success situations of each teacher. The identification of the difficulties pointed out ways to prepare Physical Education teachers, and based on such difficulties actionsand contents that include a training program may be stipulated.

Influência das representações sociais do pesquisador na análise de dados de entrevistas: um estudo no campo da educação especial

Social representations are values and ideas shared and transmitted by a group of individuals. This article aims to investigate how researchers’ social representations can influence their analysis of an interview. Data were collected from 28 students participating in a course on interview analysis. Students were divided into three groups. Each group received the same excerpt of a transcript, but with different characterizations of the interviewee: for Group 1, it was a young man who had studied in a public school; for Group 2, the subject had attended a special education school for people with intellectual disabilities; for Group 3, he had studied at a private school. The three groups were asked to analyze the interview and submit a written document describing their analysis. The data revealed that the students carried out interpretive synthesis, descriptive synthesis, and thematic analysis. Interpretations of content data indicated that participants in Groups 1 and 3 attributed negative representations to the interviewee and/or to public or private school. In contrast, participants in Group 2, which was told that the interviewee had intellectual disabilities, attributed positive representations to the interviewee and to the special education school. The conclusion indicates the urgency for theoretical and practical training of young researchers regarding analysis of interviews so that the representations do not lead to biased results. The comparison of the results with an earlier similar study points to a probable change in representations of people with intellectual disabilities.

Fundo Nacional do Idoso e as políticas de gestão do envelhecimento da população brasileira

Demographic census from the last decades of the twentieth century began to reveal a tendency concerning the increasing average age of the population. The Brazilian government began introducing ways to manage the effects and consequences of this trend, the most recent being the creation of the "Fundos do Idoso" (Funds for seniors) in the Federal, state and municipal spheres. That law allows transferring federal taxes from common citizens and companies to the funds. This article is specifically written as a critical examination of this governmental initiative towards the problem of an ageing population from the point of view as to how the law has been implemented. With the creation of the funds there will be the enlargement and improvement of services destined for seniors. However, the law mentioned above does not predict an active participation of the seniors in the management of this funds and policies that will come as result.

O adolescente, tráfico de drogas e função paterna

The involvement of adolescents as workers in the trafficking of illicit drugs has increased in recent decades in Brazil, and perhaps the world, making them also victims and perpetrators of violent acts related to this activity. Given the above, we conducted research – that now present some results in this article – on such subjects. Basically, we pretend to understand if they had, throughout its history, references to the authority that contributed to its entry in that class. The teens were chosen social stratum of low income and working on trafficking. We conducted interviews / conversations with these individuals and analyzed according to the perspective of psychoanalysis extramural. We conclude that, for them, such activity is a possible route in our society, to gain social recognition and feeling of belonging to the adult world and the society of consumers.

Janelas mais que indiscretas: Hitchcock e Woolrich em confronto

Considerado una verdadera lección de cine, ya que es una película que se refiere al propio arte cinematográfica, La ventana indiscreta (Rear Window), dirigida por Alfred Hitchcock en 1954, tuvo como base para el guión de John Michael Hayes el cuento “Tenía que ser un asesinato” (“It had to be murder”, 1942), de Cornell Woolrich. Reconocido como uno de los mayores escritores del género policial noir, Woolrich profesaba la “poética del fracaso, [...] conduciendo gradualmente la angustia de la víctima al centro del cuadro, en contraste con la indiferencia mecánica de una sociedad que no se molestaba con su suerte”. (OLIVA, 2003, p.116- 7). La película tuvo un gran éxito de público y crítica, pero esto no había ocurrido con el cuento, que solo se hizo conocido después de su adaptación para el cine. El propósito de este trabajo es realizar un análisis comparativo entre los dos textos, subrayando los siguientes aspectos: 1) la caracterización del género noir (cuando la investigación ya no es un juego para mentes refinadas, como había sido en la narrativa policial clásica) y del suspense (narrativa de tensión que se caracteriza por el aplazamiento de la resolución del enigma), tanto en la narración literaria como en la película; 2) la autorreferencialidad en la película y en el cuento mediante el uso de la metaficción; 3) el problema de la transposición del foco en primera persona de la narrativa para el cine; 4) los diferentes desenlaces, señalando en qué medida indican visiones del mundo también divergentes.

Malnutrition in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: effectiveness of different diagnostic methods

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caracterização da fauna de morcegos (Mammalia, Chiroptera) e ocorrência de vírus rábico na região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Programa de conscientização de idosos sobre posse responsável de animais de estimação em bairro periférico do município de Araçatuba, SP

Currently, responsible ownership of pets has been widely discussed. In the past, they were brought to our society and it is our duty nowadays to establish this relationship between man and animal. This study aimed at evaluating the level of knowledge of elderly dog owners about responsible ownership with emphasis on control of canine visceral leishmaniasis and at the same time make them aware of the precautions to be taken. An individual questionnaire on the subject was applied to 68 elderly people. They all belong to Nossa Senhora Aparecida Village, located on the suburb of Araçatuba-SP. Along with the interview, veterinary students advised them on the control of canine visceral leishmaniasis, the importance of sterilization in cats and dogs and the responsible ownership, with distribution of informative leaflets. Fecal samples from dogs were collected by the owners and they were sent to the Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases at Odontology Faculty at Araçatuba UNESP to be processed through the Willis-Mollay technique. Anthelmintic were acquired in the project and donated for the treatment of animals tested positive. 56.25% (63/112) out of the total number of dogs examined were females, aged between one and ten years. Only 32.14% (36/112) had access to the streets, 90.18% (101/112) were not castrated and 58% (65/112) were mixed breed (SRD). Among the owners, 88.24% (60/68) did not know what zoonosis is and 14.71% (10/68) were not aware what leishmaniasis is. Regarding the researched animals, 62.50% (70/112) had ectoparasites (fleas and ticks). It was also observed that 67.86% (76/112) of dogs had been dewormed, but in 59.82% (36/112) of cases, the intervals between these processes were irregular. For females, 85.71% (54/63) had no prevention heat and it was noted that 19.51% (8 / 41) had already given birth, had dystocia. With these data we can confirm the lack of information by these elderly and the need to establish community awareness and continued programs.

A experiência da saúde coletiva na formação profissional: retrato da extensão universitária

The guidelines of National Curriculum for Dental courses highlights the necessity in providing for the professional the ability to analyze and assess community’s problems and needs, and to create solutions for the society. The continuing education may be considered a useful tool for the teaching and learning because it favors the diversification of learning environments, which allows the insertion of undergraduate and graduate students into the real scenarios. This current study aimed to assess the Public Health projects and programs of the UNESP – Araçatuba Dental School, by describing the interaction experiences between faculty and health services in the professional career development. Historical, documentary and descriptive searches were performed based on the faculty archives such as official documents, reports, databases from the Pro-rector of continuing education and published papers in the period between 1964 and 2011. The following experiences were noted: the Extra-Muro Dental Service (SEMO), established in 1964, that focused in providing dental treatment to the rural population, highlighted the social inclusion of discriminated society groups since that time. In 1972, this service was expanded to several specific populations living in the urban areas. In the '60s, many educational campaigns were performed as homemade water filter and construction of wells and septic tanks which demonstrate the concern with the determinants of healthdisease process. At that time, the campaign of fluoridation of public water supplies in several counties started as Araçatuba, Birigui, Penápolis, Guararapes, Valparaíso and so on. The Campaign of “Good Teeth” from the '70s became wider over time and it was transformed in the "Oral Health Education Program" and it was continuously developed in all public schools of Araçatuba and some neighboring towns, benefiting children aged from 6 to 10 years-old. Several epidemiological studies of caries, periodontal diseases, malocclusion and fluorosis were conducted in cooperation with local governments, and counted with the participation of undergraduate and graduate students. Pereira Barreto – SP was the precursor city in Brazil to carry out fluorosis study. Currently, 12 projects of Public Health from the Institution of Higher Education in the Pro-rector of continuing education are being developed. The concern in qualifying the human resources in health is confirmed with the development of training courses and workshops for professionals, highlighting the training for people enrolled in the Family Health program; Community Health Agent training - Solidarity University, and Municipal Health Counselors training. The Graduate Program in Social and Preventive Dentistry, created in 1993, has an important role to train several professionals for the Unified Health System, and provides education to create researchers, professors and administrators, and enucleates research groups in several Brazilian states. In all activities showed herein, a dynamic participation of undergraduate and graduate students has been observed, and several books, guidelines, articles, brochures and booklets have been published as a result of the continuing education activities.. It was concluded that different projects and programs have been developed by the Public Health of UNESP –Araçatuba Dental School, which allow the exchange of experience between the university and health services, and benefit all participants enrolled in these activities.

Pemphigus vulgaris in adolescence: a case report

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Work conditions and occupational health of dentists in Brazilian public health system

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Ciêntífico e Tecnológico (CNPq)