The Role of Implant/Abutment System on Torque Maintenance of Retention Screws and Vertical Misfit of Implant-Supported Crowns Before and After Mechanical Cycling

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the role of the implant/abutment system on torque maintenance of titanium retention screws and the vertical misfit of screw-retained implant-supported crowns before and after mechanical cycling. Materials and Methods: Three groups were studied: morse taper implants with conical abutments (MTC group), external-hexagon implants with conical abutments (EHC group), and external-hexagon implants with UCLA abutments (EHU group). Metallic crowns casted in cobalt-chromium alloy were used (n = 10). Retention screws received insertion torque and, after 3 minutes, initial detorque was measured. Crowns were retightened and submitted to cyclic loading testing under oblique loading (30 degrees) of 130 +/- 10 N at 2 Hz of frequency, totaling 1 x 10(6) cycles. After cycling, final detorque was measured. Vertical misfit was measured using a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, Tukey test, and Pearson correlation test (P < .05). Results: All detorque values were lower than the insertion torque both before and after mechanical cycling. No statistically significant difference was observed among groups before mechanical cycling. After mechanical cycling, a statistically significantly lower loss of detorque was verified in the MTC group in comparison to the EHC group. Significantly lower vertical misfit values were noted after mechanical cycling but there was no difference among groups. There was no significant correlation between detorque values and vertical misfit. Conclusions: All groups presented a significant decrease of torque before and after mechanical cycling. The morse taper connection promoted the highest torque maintenance. Mechanical cycling reduced the vertical misfit of all groups, although no significant correlation between vertical misfit and torque loss was found.

Systematic Variation in the Pattern of Gene Paralog Retention between the Teleost Superorders Ostariophysi and Acanthopterygii

Teleost fish underwent whole-genome duplication around 450 Ma followed by diploidization and loss of 80-85% of the duplicated genes. To identify a deep signature of this teleost-specific whole-genome duplication (TSGD), we searched for duplicated genes that were systematically and uniquely retained in one or other of the superorders Ostariophysi and Acanthopterygii. TSGD paralogs comprised 17-21% of total gene content. Some 2.6% (510) of TSGD paralogs were present as pairs in the Ostariophysi genomes of Danio rerio (Cypriniformes) and Astyanax mexicanus (Characiformes) but not in species from four orders of Acanthopterygii (Gasterosteiformes, Gasterosteus aculeatus; Tetraodontiformes, Tetraodon nigroviridis; Perciformes, Oreochromis niloticus; and Beloniformes, Oryzias latipes) where a single copy was identified. Similarly, 1.3% (418) of total gene number represented cases where TSGD paralogs pairs were systematically retained in the Acanthopterygian but conserved as a single copy in Ostariophysi genomes. We confirmed the generality of these results by phylogenetic and synteny analysis of 40 randomly selected linage-specific paralogs (LSPs) from each superorder and completed with the transcriptomes of three additional Ostariophysi species (Ictalurus punctatus [Siluriformes], Sinocyclocheilus species [Cypriniformes], and Piaractus mesopotamicus [Characiformes]). No chromosome bias was detected in TSGD paralog retention. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed significant enrichment of GO terms relative to the human GO SLIM database for growth, Cell differentiation, and Embryo development in Ostariophysi and for Transport, Signal Transduction, and Vesicle mediated transport in Acanthopterygii. The observed patterns of paralog retention are consistent with different diploidization outcomes having contributed to the evolution/diversification of each superorder.

Influence of Lentinus edodes and Agaricus blazei extracts on the prevention of oxidation and retention of tocopherols in soybean oil in an accelerated storage test

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the methanol extracts of mushrooms Lentinus edodes and Agaricus blazei on the retention of tocopherols in soybean oil, when subjected to an accelerated storage test. The following treatments were subjected to an accelerated storage test in an oven at 60 A degrees C for 15 days: Control (soybean oil without antioxidants), TBHQ (soybean oil + 100 mg/kg of TBHQ), BHT (soybean oil + 100 mg/kg of BHT), L. edodes (soybean oil + 3,500 mg/kg of L. edodes extract) and A. blazei (soybean oil + 3,500 mg/kg of A. blazei extract). The samples were analyzed for tocopherols naturally present in soybean oil and mass gain. The results showed, the time required to reach a 0.5% increase in mass was 13 days for TBHQ and 15 days for A. blazei. The content of tocopherols for TBHQ was 457.50 mg/kg and the A. blazei, 477.20 mg/kg.

Implant-retained finger prosthesis with modified retention system

Background: Amputations affect both the physical and the psychological aspects of an individual, causing significant impact on self-esteem. The main causes of finger amputations are work-related accidents with dangerous machinery, road traffic accidents, and animal bites, as well as systemic diseases such as diabetes. This report aims to describe a simple technique for fabrication of implant-retained finger prosthesis with a modified base of the retention system.Case Description and Methods: The O-Ring retention system was used with a modified hexagon-shaped base and a metallic capsule adapted to the acrylic resin to attach the prosthesis to the implant.Findings and Outcomes: The prosthesis was made with silicone, and after osseointegration, it was installed without complications, leading to a patient satisfied with the end result and encouraged to return to social life.

Metabolic and Behavior Changes in Surubim Acutely Exposed to a Glyphosate-Based Herbicide

This study examined the effect of glyphosate-based herbicide (Roundup Original), the major herbicide used in soybean crops in Mato Grosso state, at concentrations of 0, 2.25, 4.5, 7.5, and 15 mg L-1 on metabolic and behavior parameters of the hybrid fish surubim in an acute exposure lasting 96 h. Glycogen content, glucose, lactate, and protein levels were measured in different tissues. Plasma levels of cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were also determined. Ventilatory frequency (VF) and swimming activity (SA) were considered behavior parameters. Results showed that herbicide exposure decreased plasma glucose levels and increased it in surubim liver. Lactate increased in both plasma and liver but decreased in muscle. Protein levels decreased in plasma and muscle but increased in liver. After herbicide exposure, liver and muscle glycogen was decreased. Cholesterol levels decreased in plasma at all concentrations tested. Plasma ALT increased, and no alterations were recorded for AST levels. VF increased after glyphosate exposure (5 min) and decreased after 96 h. SA showed differences among all groups (5 min). At the end of 96 h, SA was altered by the 7.5 mg L-1 concentration. Fish used anaerobic glycolysis as indicated by generally decreased glycogen levels and decreased lactate levels in muscle but increased ones in plasma and liver. We suggest that the studied parameters could be used as indicators of herbicide toxicity in surubim and may provide extremely important information for understanding the biology of the animal and its responsiveness to external stimuli (stressors).

Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanocapsules carrying the herbicide atrazine: effect of chitosan-coating agent on physico-chemical stability and herbicide release profile

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pre-extrusion aromatization of a soy protein isolate using volatile compounds and flavor enhancers: Effects on physical characteristics, volatile retention and sensory characteristics of extrudates

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles loaded with paraquat herbicide: An environmentally safer alternative for weed control

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

FLUXOFENIM USED AS A SAFENER ON SORGHUM SEED FOR S-METOLACHLOR HERBICIDE

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of protective fluxofenim seed treatment of sorghum hybrids DKB510 and SCG340, in order to increase the selectivity to the herbicide S-metolachlor applied pre-emergence and to determine the activity of detoxification enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST). This work was divided into two stages. The first step consisted of field evaluation of the effectiveness of the shield to reduce visual symptoms of plant injury caused by the herbicide and the second determined the activity of GST. It was compared the susceptibility of sorghum seeds to the herbicide by means of visual assessment of injuries at 3, 7, 15 and 30 days after emergence (DAE), root dry weight and shoot at 10 DAE, and determination of activity GST. The treatments were: application of the safener dose at 0 and 40 mL per 100 kg of seed, and spraying of the herbicide S-metolachlor at rates of 1,440 and 2,880 g a.i. ha(-1), and a control without herbicide. The safener use to seed treatment for both sorghum hybrids (DKB510 and SCG340) increased tolerance to the herbicide S-metolachlor in two doses, and the best results were obtained at a dose of 1,440 g ha(-1). The GST enzyme activity showed an increase when using the fluxofenim prior to application of the herbicide S-metolachlor at a dose of 1,440 g ha(-1) for the two hybrids.

Biochemical and genotoxic effects of a commercial formulation of the herbicide tebuthiuron in Oreochromis niloticus of different sizes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A new biomimetic sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymers for highly sensitive and selective determination of hexazinone herbicide

A new selective sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) was developed for the determination of hexazinone (HXZ) in environmental samples. MIPs were synthesized using a non-covalent approach, and selection of the monomers employed in the polymerization reaction was carried out by molecular modeling. Three functional monomers with high (2-vinylpyridine (MP17)) and intermediate (methacrylic acid (MP12) and acrylamide (MP5)) energies of binding to the template (HXZ) were selected for preparation of the MIPs, in order to conduct comparative studies and validate the theoretical data. For sensor construction, carbon pastes were modified with each MIP or NIP (non-imprinted polymer), and HXZ determination was performed using differential pulse adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (DPAdCSV). All parameters affecting the sensor response were optimized. In HCl at pH 2.5, the sensor prepared with MP17 (5% w/w in the paste) showed a dynamic linear range between 1.9 × 10−11 and 1.1 × 10−10 mol L−1, and a detection limit of 2.6 × 10−12 mol L−1, under the following conditions: accumulation time of 200 s at a potential of −0.5V, scan rate of 50 mVs−1, pulse amplitude of 60 mV, and pulse width of 50 ms. The sensor was selective in the presence of other similar compounds, and was successfully applied to the analysis of HXZ in river water samples.

Removal of glyphosate herbicide from water using biopolymer membranes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Chitosan nanoparticles loaded the herbicide paraquat: The influence of the aquatic humic substances on the colloidal stability and toxicity

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Trichomes related to an unusual method of water retention and protection of the stem apex in an arid zone perennial species

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)