Ictiofauna de duas microbacias - ribeirão dos Buenos e rio Guaratinguetá - na serra da Mantiqueira oriental

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Diagnóstico Físico Conservacionista de 10 Microbacias do Rio Capivara – Botucatu (SP), Visando O Uso Racional do Solo

A região onde está inserida a área de estudo, tem sofrido explorações predatórias e má utilização do solo. Áreas antes ocupadas por cerrados, campos sujo e limpo foram substituídas pelos reflorestamentos com eucalipto, devido aos incentivos fiscais e a instalação de companhias reflorestadoras na região, pelo baixo valor das terras e baixa fertilidade do solo; mas com um grande potencial para o desenvolvimento de essências florestais. O presente trabalho visou a elaboração do Diagnóstico Físico Conservacionista da bacia do rio Capivara - Botucatu (SP), baseada no parâmetro ambiental “Coeficiente de Rugosidade”, tendo-se por unidade de estudo 10 microbacias. Os resultados obtidos com a metodologia utilizada, no estudo da bacia do rio Capivara - Botucatu (SP), para o diagnóstico físico conservacionista permitiram mostrar que o grau de deterioração físico ambiental para a bacia foi 44,34%, muito acima do limite de 10% aceitável. O alto valor do grau de deterioração, provavelmente, foi devido ao mau uso da terra que vem provocando erosões, assoreamentos de reservatórios e cursos d’águas. O parâmetro ambiental médio “coeficiente de rugosidade” para as dez microbacias do rio Capivara, permitiu classificá-las para utilização com agricultura e urbanização, pecuária e reflorestamento; ou seja, indicou que a vocação principal desta é para uso com pecuária (Classe B); as classes de declive de 0 a 12% (Classe III) e de 12 a 20% (Classe IV), respectivamente, predominaram em 62,95% e 27,00% da área total das microbacias estudadas, ocorrendo em na sua maior parte nas unidades de solo LVA (46,56%) e RQ (19,86%). A predominância de florestas, capoeiras e pastagens nas microbacias, provavelmente é reflexo da predominância de solos de baixa fertilidade. - As imagens do Sensor TM do LANDSAT 5, permitiram o mapeamento do uso da terra da bacia de maneira rápida, que segundo o índice Kappa foi de boa qualidade (0,45), além de fornecer um banco de dados para futuros planejamentos nessa área. O SIG - IDRISI permitiu constatar através de seus diferentes módulos para georreferenciamento, classificação digital do uso da terra e modelo matemático, as áreas de uso da terra com rapidez. Os parâmetros, coeficientes de forma e circularidade mostraram que as microbacias apresentam baixo perigo de enchentes devido ao seu formato, bem como, o coeficiente de rugosidade permitiu classificar as microbacias 1, 2, 3, 4 e 8 com vocação para agricultura; as 6 e 7 para pecuária; a 5 para pecuária e reflorestamento e as 9 e 10 para floresta e reflorestamento.

Investigação da toxicidade e da capacidade de recuperação do herbicida 2,4-D comercial (2,4-diclorofenoxiacético) empregando brânquias de tilápias, Oreochromis niloticus, como biomarcador

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Distribuição de macrófitas aquáticas em relação a um gradiente ambiental na bacia do Rio Itanhaém, SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise em bacias hidrográficas: contribuição metodológica para o diagnóstico ambiental

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Uso das geotecnologias para aquisição de dados destinados a gestão agropecuária e ambiental do municipio de Vitória Brasil-SP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Perda de solo na bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Rico - SP, utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Determinação de áreas prioritárias para o restabelecimento da cobertura florestal, apoiada no uso de geotecnologias

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Trends in Mean Annual Streamflows in Serra da Mantiqueira Environmental Protection Area

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Site Selection for Restoration Planning: A Protocol With Landscape and Legislation Based Alternatives

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Interferência do método de previsão populacional no desempenho hidráulico de uma rede coletora de esgoto sanitário

The non existence of sewage services creates an unhealthy environmental, causing impact extremely prejudicial to the human health. In Brazil, this item represents the biggest deficit in the basic sanitation these days, and only about 50% of the population is attended. The sewage collection network is a needful system for the basic sanitation. Between the parameters of the project of a system of collection and sewage transportation, the definition of the population that will be attended is one of the most important variables, and that should be done based on criterion of population growth and in accordant to directrix presents in the comprehensive city plan. In this paper, were evaluated methods of growth based on the geometric growth rate, on the population density and on the number of residents per dwelling, and also mathematics models of growth prediction, emphasizing in the geometric growth and on the logistic curve method. That way, the goal of this paper were value the hydraulic performance in one of the watersheds delimited by the sewage network magnification work existent in the city of Cacoal–RO. Using simulation with different scenarios, the results pointed that the hydraulic performance of the system were strongly affected by the population determination method used. For the same drained area the diameters range from 150 to 250 mm as well as the trench’s deep, where some stretches exceeded the maximum values contained in the standard. Besides, the variation of the sewage contribution rate due the population variation estimated in different scenarios, led to alterations in others important project parameters, such as slope, shallow pool, tensile stress and spreading velocity

Geotecnologias para análise da expansão urbana e consequências na APP do Córrego Olinda - Rio Claro/SP

Despite the current Environmental Legislation resolution, concerning the protection of the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA), be quite rigid, in practice, is observed noncompliance with the minimum limits of protection, especially in urban areas where, historically, the urbanization processes have been executed without compliance with the minimum standards of urban and environmental planning. Given the above, the present study aimed to analyze the urban sprawl evolution at the Olinda stream APP, located in the city of Rio Claro - SP. By means of the visual interpretation of aerial photographs in the GIS/ARCGIS environment, thematic maps of the urban sprawl of the years 1972, 1995 and 2010, as well as the Olinda Stream APP surroundings, were prepared. From the maps, it was possible to measure the occupation density for each scenario and indicate from which period the urbanization process has intensified. It was also possible to quantify the loss of vegetation area and indicate the major environmental problems in the basin of the Olinda stream. Therefore, the development of this research shows its importance, considering that its results can support the public administration, assisting in proper planning of land use and occupation in urban watersheds

Diagnóstico antropogeomorfológico em bacia hidrográfica urbana: o caso do Córrego do Jardim São João, Araras (SP)

Man can transform the nature according to their needs through technique which enables agriculture, cattle raising, constructions of buildings for housing, transport routes, etc. This action has brought significant transformations to the environment, and relief is one of the most changed elements, mainly at urban areas, which concentrates most of the Brazilian population. In these areas geomorphologic systems have undergone alterations in their flow of matter and energy by the action of man. Thus, it is possible o understand the action of man as geomorphologic action, nowadays, the tecnógeno, since the human action can interfere qualitatively and quantitatively in the input and output of these systems. The anthropic geomorphology has contributed to the analyses of the effects due to the urbanization at the form and at the geomorphologic process in the urban watersheds, indicating the transformations at the shape of the relief and the alterations due to the acceleration of the flow of matter and energy. From these questions, this study had the main diagnose the anthropogenic changes of the relief at the basin of Corrego do Jardim São João, Araras (SP), comparing two scenes, 1997 and 2006, through geomorphological mapping evolutionary in the area. The geomorphological feature altered at the basin are directly linked to the use of soil, mainly at the urban use, which caused effects in the relief at the studied area, making possible to define periods of the urban evolution and impacts caused by the urbanization. Among the changes it was found the decrease of the topographic breaks and at the riverbed channels, as the increase of the accumulation of the plain and riverbed terrace. The elaboration of a letter of the legal restrictions of the basin make possible to evaluate some of the environmental urban problems that occur, which are due to the occupation of the relief in the areas of permanent preservation that brings significant impacts to...

Caracterização dos usuários do setor urbano privado sujeitos a cobrança pelo uso dos recursos hídricos do Estado de São Paulo nas bacias PCJ e avaliação da demanda de água deste setor como ferramenta de gestão

The present study is about data characterization and evaluation related to private urban users (legal entity) of the Watersheds of the rivers Piracicaba, Capivari, and Jundiai (PCJ), with the PCJ Collection System, sustained by the Department of Water and Power (DAEE), in order to: provide quantitative numbers about this sector, identifying the cities and economic activities corresponding to the largest water consumers, and determine the sector's share in the total charged contribution. The charge for water use is the most recent and the last instrument which has been implemented for the management of water resources, provided by the institution of the State and National Policy of Water Resources in 1991 and 1997, respectively, regarded as an important step towards the preservation and restoration of water resources. According to the data collected in the PCJ Collection System, the urban sector is the private sector that has the highest number of users in these watersheds (52,95% of users), but with less representation in the financial recovery (only 7%), due to its low water demand in their uses compared to the uses of other sectors. The collected data will also serve as both a parameter for comparing the amount of water used by different economic activities and municipalities in the PCJ watersheds and other locations, and as a tool for water resources management

Uso do modelo de simulação 'ABC 6' para avaliação de áreas sujeitas à ocorrência de ondas de cheia e corridas de massa/detritos: estudo de caso na bacia do Ribeirão da Prata (SP)

Pipelines are linear engineering works, designed mostly for transporting oil and its derivatives for long distances, furnishing even the farthermost zones of the country. Due to oil sector needs to ensure for the safety and conservation of its properties, several geotechnical studies are being held at the pipelines field, in order to preserve this important transportation, and also to prevent accidents, which might seriously compromise the environment and the population who lives around it. The OSBRA pipeline, who connects the city of Paulínia to the capital Brasília, is one of these engineering works that deserves to be pointed out. This research, performed at the Ribeirão da Prata Basin, was a pilot study conducted with the main objective of testing the current methodology efficiency, for future applications in the closest watersheds to the OSBRA pipeline. The objective of this research is to analyze flood wave and debris flow processes in a non-fictional watershed, by comparing two different kinds of methods: the first one based on simulation models (software ‘ABC 6’), and the other one by flood wave and debris flow susceptibility mapping. The results from the hydrological modeling were both hydrographs and ietographs that estimated values of outputs and infiltration. To construct the susceptibility maps were necessary three other maps: ground use and occupation maps, divided according to the different protection degrees that were offered to the ground; maps of dam locations in the area and physiographic compartimentation maps, divided according to the local geology. To complete the methodology, the results were collected from both methods for comparison. The obtained product for this methodology was series of data whose different susceptibility degrees to flood wave and debris flow could define the safest route for a pipeline crossing in this watershed...