Participação dos receptores purinérgicos no núcleo do trato solitário sobre as respostas cardiorrespiratórias induzidas por hipóxia

A queda da pressão parcial de oxigênio no sangue arterial (PaO2), provocada pela hipóxia aguda, aumenta as descargas dos quimiorreceptores periféricos, carotídeos e aórticos, cujas aferências estimulam núcleos bulbares como o núcleo do trato solitário (NTS, Chitravanshi e cols., 1994, Mifflin, 1992), resultando em uma série de repostas compensatórias incluindo o aumento da VE ( Overgaard e cols., 1996, Sun e Reis, 1994). Estudos demonstraram que a via neural do quimiorreflexo periférico no NTS tem como neurotransmissores o L-glutamato e mais recentemente o ATP. Além disso, o ATP atuando em receptores purinérgicos presente na superfície ventral do bulbo estaria envolvido com as respostas cardiorrespiratórias induzidas por hipóxia. No entanto, a participação dos receptores purinérgicos do NTS sobre as respostas cardiorrespiratórias induzidas por hipóxia ainda é desconhecida. Portanto, o presente estudo investigou o envolvimento dos receptores purinérgicos P2 no NTS sobre as respostas cardiorrespiratórias induzidas por hipóxia em ratos acordados, usando injeção bilateral de suramin (antagonista inespecífico dos receptores P2) e PPADS (antagonista seletivo dos receptores P2X). Foram utilizados ratos Holtzman (290-310g, n=4-9/grupo) com implante de cânulas guia no NTS. Para medida da pressão arterial média (PAM) e freqüência cardíaca (FC) foi inserido na artéria abdominal, através da artéria femoral, um tubo de polietileno (P-10 conectado ao P-50). Freqüência respiratória (FR), volume corrente (VC) e VE foram registrados através do método de pletismografia de corpo inteiro. Os parâmetros FR, VC, VE, PAM e FC foram registrados antes e após a injeção bilateral de salina, suramin (2 nmol/100 nl) ou PPADS (2 nmol/100 nl) no NTS durante hipóxia (7% de O2 por 35 min) ou normóxia (21% de O2)... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Adição de desinfetantes na água de bebida durante o jejum pré-abate de frangos de corte: microbiologia e morfologia do trato gastrintestinal

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Tempo de trânsito gastrointestinal de diferentes frutos e taxa de germinação de Morus nigra pós passagem pelo trato em Sabiás-barranco (Turdus leucomelas)

Seed dispersal is a key process in the life cycle of plant species and may determine the dynamics of their populations. The passage of the fruit from the gastrointestinal tract brings effects on energy and nutritional rewards for the bird. The retention time of the seeds is an essential factor for the dispersion, affecting the dispersal distance. Some factors determine it, as the size of the bird, degree of frugivory, chemical composition of the fruit, the number and size of seeds. The study sought to characterize the Morus nigra seed retention time in three species of thrushes and compare them with other species of birds and plants. The blackberry, exotic species with socio-economic importance in Brazil, produces aggregate fruit having up to 60 seeds. Have been kept in captivity individuals leucomelas Turdus rufiventris thrush, thrush and amaurochalinus, native and omnivorous species, important dispersers in degraded areas, inhabiting the urban and the natural environment. In 274 samples of feces was recorded about 500 mulberry seeds. The first record of seeds was in 15 minutes (n = 2) and the last to 115 minutes (n = 4) after eating the fruit. The average time of gastrointestinal transit of seed for the three species was 52 minutes and 80% were defecated to 65 minutes post ingestion. Taking into consideration the type of fruit and the species of bird, there is great variation in the retention time when compared to other species of birds, being in general slower. That way, can be increase the degree of dispersion of the seed to more distant areas of the mother plant, increasing the chances of survival of seedlings, according to the hypothesis Janzen and Connell. The Turdus It showed efficient dispersers Morus nigra seeds, and inhabits natural and urbanized environment, the possibility of exchange of these seeds between environments by the action of thrushes

Efeito da restrição alimentar e do grupo genético sobre a microbiota do trato gastrintestinal, a expressão gênica hepática e a deposição de lipídeos na carcaça de frangos de corte

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Comparativo ergonômico de duas metododologias para aquisição de coordenadas tridimensionais do posto de trabalho do operador de trato

This research aimed to the comparison between two methods for obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of the controls of the upper limbs of the job of the tractor operator. The methods used were based on NBR / NM / ISO 5353 - Road machines, tractors and agricultural and forestry machinery – Reference point of the seat. The first method used follows the principles recommended by the standard NBR/NM/ISO/5353 The second method is an adaptation of this standard with the introduction of a laser measuring equipment developed by Silva (2009). The results were compared statistically to evaluate differences between the methodological processes involved. In this research, data was collected thought a brand new tractor Massey Ferguson model MF 292, awarded by the dealership from Londrina. The results have shown a considerable variation between the traditional measurement process and the laser measuring. It must be considered that this variation can be used to calibrate the tractor controls positioning, therefore the tractor is not in accordance to ABNT.

Propostas e currículos estaduais de educação física, avanços e limites no trato de futebol

Football is a sporting phenomenon that unites the collective to individual, because besides the needs of teamwork, it requires several physical individual abilities. The unpredictability of each match turns it into a fascinating and unique sport. Indeed, this is the most popular and admired sport in all over the world, covering a huge amount of fans and practitioners. Curriculum documents are a new and unprecedented fact in history of Physical Education, so it sought as study object investigate and analyze is being treated in many curriculums proposes of seven Brazilian States (Goiás, Maranhão, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Sergipe e São Paulo) and the Distrito Federal. This study has a qualitative character, using documentary research, because it consists by analyze of curriculum documents. As results, stands out the difference between guiding principles in curriculums. However, all of them are based in a new perspective of Physical Education. With regard to the objectives, was evidenced a consensus among the documents examined, which target as Physical Education objective the formation of critical and autonomous individual, besides your insertion in body culture movements, body culture or movement culture. The results showed that all documents, except of Distrito Federal, mention football as content, only Pernambuco, Sergipe and São Paulo showed a further deepening in the theme. Thus, it is believed that it is essential for a better unfolding of football in Physical Education classes a understanding by the students about this sport, not just as a mere act of running after a ball, but as a social phenomenon broad and contextualized

Infecção do trato urinário adquirida em ambiente hospitalar em idosos

Introduction: Hospital-acquired urinary tract infection (HAUTI) is an important cause of morbidity in the elderly population. Objective: Evaluate the occurrence of HAUTI and risk factors associated with it. Method: This is a prospective study of a sample of 332 elderly people, interned in a university hospital. Criteria for defining infection were established by the Center for Diseases and Prevention Control. Statistical analysis of data used calculation of frequencies, odds ratio and logistic regression. The rate of hospital infection was 23.6%. The prevalent topographies of infection were respiratory infections (27.6%), urinary tract infections (26.4%) and surgical wound infections (23.6%, with 21, 20 and 19 episodes, respectively. The HAUTI incidence density associated with urinary catheterization was 24.2 infections by 1,000 catheter-days. The length of hospital stay of patients without nosocomial infection was 6.9 days and with HAUTI was increased in 10.4 (p<0.05).The rate of mortality of patients with HAUTI was 20%. Pathogens were isolated in 75% of episodes of HAUTI and the prevalent were: Escherichia coli (33%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20%). Risk factors found for HAUTI were urinary catheterization implementation (odds ratio (OR) = 43.1; 95% confidence interval (95 CI%) = 3.9 – 311.1), hospitalization with community infection (OR= 21.9; 95% CI = 4.9 – 97.9); vascular diseases (OR=14; 95% CI = 2 – 98); diabetes mellitus (OR= 5.5; 95% CI = 1.4 – 21) and urinary catheterization by more than three days (OR=3.7; 95% CI = 1 – 13.8). Conclusions: HAUTI presented elevated incidence and it increased the length of hospital stay.

Diferentes fontes de carboidratos em rações para leitões desmamados com diferentes pesos: pH e microbiota do trato gastrintestinal

Forty eight piglets from a commercial strain weaned at an average age of 21 days were used in order to evaluate effects of carbohydrates sources (lactose or maltodextrin) and the weights of piglets at weaning on the stomach pH, colon and rectum contents, and the amount of total coliform, Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus spp in digesta of ileum and cecum. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design and analyzed in split plot, considering class of weight and carbohydrates as main plots and the slaughter age of animal as sub-plots. The stomach pH and intestinal contents were not influenced by the diets provided as well as the amount of total coliform. It was found that the presence of lactose in the feed decreased counts of Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus ssp in the ileum. Regarding the class of weight, the lighter piglets had lower counts of Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus. The maltodextrin can be used as an alternative to replace the lactose in the diet, regardless of the piglets weight at weaning, as it does not adversely affect the pH and the Lactobacillus population in the gastrointestinal tract.

Manejo da via aérea para anestesia em crianças com infecção do trato respiratório superior: revisão sistemática e meta-análise para complicações perioperatórias

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos da estabulação sobre o trato respiratório de equinos em dois tipos diferentes de camas e a pasto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O uso da endoscopia para o rastreamento do câncer do trato aerodigestório alto em população de alto risco

Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB