Pólipos endometriais e seu risco de malignização: aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e imunoistoquímicos

Endometrial polyps are neoformations that result from focal hyperplasia of the endometrial basal layer associated with hormonal hyperstimulation. Their pathogenesis is still unclear, and there is no consensus on their natural history, actual relevance as pathologic entities, and relationship with endometrial neoplasia. Endometrial polyps are the most frequent indication of surgical hysteroscopy, but their optimal management remains controversial. Therefore, an overview of this condition may help choosing the most adequate treatment strategies.

Detecção do rearranjo da prpoteína BCL2/JH em carcinomas epidermóides de boca e faringe

The BCL2 protein found in the internal mothocondrial membrana regulates the apoptosis preventing the programmed cell death. The translocation (14:18), detected in 70 to 85% of the follicular lymphoma, lead the super expression of BCL2 protein, by juxtaposition of BCL2 gene to the JH segment of the immunoglobulins' heavy chain gene. However, the found of the BCL2 expression in head and neck carcinoma are contradictious. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of the translocation (14:18) of the BCL2 gene in head and neck carcinoma. METHOD: Sixteen DNA samplers were examinated being 13 of squamous cells carcinoma (SCC) and 3 of epidermoid (CE), y means of chain reaction of the polymerase (PCR). RESULTS: The BCL2/JH rearrangement in 2 (15%) of the CCE 13 cases and in none of the 3 cases of CE. The average of the frequency of molecules with rearrangement was 46,44x107. Was not observed association between the rearrangement presence and the exhibition to tobacco and alcohol (p=0, 6545). CONCLUSION: Different from the results found in follicular lymphoma, the presence of the translocation (14; 18) in head and neck carcinomas is not common and, when it occurs, it can be an occasional mutation not associated to exhibition to the tobacco and alcohol.

Tumor triquilemal proliferante

Contexto: O tumor triquilemal proliferativo é enfermidade pouco comum que se desenvolve a partir de lesões císticas foliculares, com alguns relatos de metástases, porém raras. Relato de caso: Descrevemos o caso de uma paciente de 93 anos, que apresentava tumoração de três centímetros há seis anos em couro cabeludo, que procurou o serviço por complicação associada (infecção). Foi realizada excisão cirúrgica completa, com realização de enxerto cutâneo para fechamento. Conclusões: Essa neoplasia de células escamosas aparentemente tem comportamento intermediário, em relação à malignidade, e necessita acompanhamento a longo prazo. Ainda há necessidade de mais estudos para identificar o porquê de alguns tumores terem comportamento indolente e outros, mais agressivo.

Estudo retrospectivo (2007-2011) da casuística de cães com mastocitomas cutâneos atendidos em um hospital-escola

Neoplasms of mast cell origin are uncommon in most animal species. Although cases of cutaneous mastocitoma (CM) are rare in humans, it is the second most diagnosed cancer in dogs, accounting for approximately 20% of cutaneous tumors in this species. The age group most frequently affected is between eight and nine years, but it may occur in animals up to three weeks old. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological, hematological and histopathological characteristics of 73 dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors attended between 2007 and 2011 by the Oncology Service of a teaching hospital in the state of São Paulo. Data collected included race, age, sex, weight, skin region affected, blood tests results at the first consultation and histopathological grading of dogs diagnosed with this neoplasia.

Malignant epitheliod hemangioendothelioma of the thyroid: a case report

Primary malignant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (MEH) of the thyroid is a rare neoplasia with only a few cases reported in the literature. We report a 75 year old man, who presented with a substernal goiter and compressive symptoms. Ultrasonographic evaluation revealed a hypoechogenic nodule in the left lobe, measuring 4.1 cm in maximum diameter, and associated gross calcifications. Fine needle aspiration yielded hemorrhagic material. A left thyroid lobectomy and isthmusectomy was performed. The surgical specimen contained a malignant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma measuring 6 x 4 x 3 cm that had infiltrated about 50% of the thyroidal parenchyma, and surrounded a necrotic nodule. Immunohistochemistry results corroborated the histopathological findings; staining was positive for AE1/AE3, CD31, CD34, factor VIII-related antigen, and Ki-67 expression. Because of the patient’s comorbidities, surgical complementation was not undertaken and he has been undergoing conservative treatment.

Doença cerebelar em cães e gatos

Diseases of the cerebellar system are common in small animals, and result in a clinical syndrome characterized by hypermetria, base-wide stance and intentional tremors of the head and body. All movements of the limbs are spastic and awkward. The neurological examination assists in the localization of lesions restricted to the cerebellum or in the detection of disorders relating to other parts of the nervous system, which characterizes a multifocal disease process. Neurological disorders in dogs and cats may suggest a very extensive list of differential diagnoses, since they may be caused by infectious, degenerative and traumatic processes, among others. The possible etiologies for cerebellar syndrome include: aplasia and hypoplasia, abiotrophy, cancer, vascular stroke and inflammatory disorders. The aim of this paper is to review the clinical signs that aid in the location of the cerebellar lesion and discuss the possible causes of this syndrome in dogs and cats.

Detecção molecular do rearranjo Line-1 /c-Myc em tumores venéreos transmissíveis caninos espôntaneos

Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a neoplasia that develops naturally in dogs. It can be easily transplanted, which demonstrates its ability to spread from animal to animal. Since the Linr-1/c-MYC rearrangement in TVT cells had not been studied at the Veterinary Hospital of the Veterinary School, Unesp in Botucatu, SP, this study aimed to detect this genetic alteration specific to this kind of tumor by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Twenty dogs with cytological diagnosis of TVT were used. Samples of neoplastic cells were collected to determine the presence of the Line-1/c-MYC marker. The rearrangement characterized by 340bp amplicons did not vary, in agreement with previous studies using the same methodology. This contributed to a more precise identification of persistent tumor cells in cases in which gross or microscopical detection was not possible.

Tumor venéreo transmissível canino: expressão dos genes MDR-1, TP53 e da família Bcl-2 e suas implicações no comportamento biológico e terapêutico

Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a neoplasm of round cells with plasmocytoid or lymphocytoid appearance. The tumor presents several particularities, which have been the subject of numerous studies; however there still have investigations that need to be done. For example, a progressive increase of highly aggressive tumors with varying response to chemotherapy -including resistance- has been evidenced in recent years. There is scientific interest to understand these differences, allowing predicting possible clinical outcomes in affected dogs and increasingly searching adequate and individualized therapy. This review focuses on presenting possible implications of the expression of MDR-1 (P-glycoprotein), TP53, BCL-2, and BAX genes, regarding resistance to chemotherapy and/or the biologic behavior of TVT

Glioma misto em um cão: relato de caso

Intracranial neoplasms are common causes of neurological disorders in middle-aged and elderly dogs. With the feasibility of computed tomography, it is now possible to determine the extent and exact location of brain tumors, identifying them ante mortem in dogs and cats. This paper aims to report the occurrence of a mixed glioma in a Boxer dog examined at the Veterinary Hospital of Unesp, Botucatu Campus. The animal presented with a brain syndrome of acute onset and progressive course. CT scan showed the presence of a mass in the right cerebral hemisphere extending from the frontal to the parietal region and involving the basal ganglia. Given the gravity of the neurological disorder, the owner chose to perform euthanasia. Microscopic analysis of the mass allowed the diagnosis of mixed glioma.

Quimiodectoma de corpo aórtico em cão

Chemodectomas are neoplasms originated from chemoreceptors mainly present on the aortic and carotid bodies. The etiology of this kind of tumor is related to genetic factors and chronic hypoxia. Brachycephalic breeds such as Boxer and Boston Terrier are predisposed to develop this neoplasia. This article reports the case of a 10-year-old female Boxer presented to the Veterinary Hospital of the Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science School in Botucatu with a two-day history of fatigue, exercise intolerance and dyspnea. Clinical signs, in association with radiographic and ultrasonographic findings, suggested a heart-base tumor. The worsening of the case led the owner to choose for euthanasia. Necropsy revealed a mass at the heart base adhered to the aortic body, and microscopic evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of chemodectoma.

Papiloma de plexo coroide em um cão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Penectomia em equino com carcinoma de células escamosas

The presence of increased volume in penis and prepuce of horses can be of neoplastic or non-neoplastic origin. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), papilloma, fibropapiloma, melanoma and sarcoidorigin. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), papilloma, fibropapilloma, melanoma and sarcoid are detached as neoplastic causes. The non-neoplastic causes can be parasitic as habronemiasis and pythiosis, or inflammation, resulting in the formation of exuberant granulation tissue. The penile disorders can be easily confused with each other because they have similar clinical signs. Among epithelial neoplasms affecting penis and prepuce, squamous cell carcinoma is the most common in horses. Thus, it was aimed to report a case of squamous cell carcinoma in a horse and describe the main differential diagnosis for this disease. The additional tests to obtain an accurate diagnosis and the institution of appropriate treatment are essential for the satisfactory repair of penile neoplasms in this species.

Características tomográficas de neoplasias encefálicas primárias em cães

Computed tomography (CT) can be considered an important test to identify the presence of primary brain neoplasias in dogs. CT results can help define the type of brain tumor when associated with clinical findings. It allows the identification of lesions and their features, such as size, location, compression and invasion of adjacent tissue. One must analyze the density, mass effect, peritumoral edema, calcification, and image enhancement after intravenous injection of contrast medium. Gliomas, meningiomas and tumors of the choroid plexus and pituitary are the most common primary brain neoplasms diagnosed by CT in dogs. The aim of this paper is to review the literature related to primary brain tumors and report their most important tomographic features, in order to help clinicians achieve a presumptive diagnosis of tumor type.

Histopathological and cytological analysis of transmissible venereal tumor in dogs after two treatment protocols

The transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a contagious neoplasm of round cells that frequently affect dogs. The treatment consists of chemotherapy being more effective the vincristine alone, however the resistance emergence to this agent due multidrug resistance of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a transporter protein encoded by the MDR1 gene, has been taking the association with other drugs. Recent studies demonstrated the antitumoral effect of the avermectins when associated to the vincristine in the treatment of some neoplasms. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of standard treatment of TVT with vincristine only as compared to combined treatment with vincristine and ivermectin, evaluated through number of applications of the two protocols, histopathological and cytological analysis from 50 dogs diagnosed with TVT during the period of 2007 to 2010. The combined protocol significant reduces the number of applications and cytological and histopathological findings collaborate with the hypothesis that the combination of vincristine and ivermectin promotes faster healing than the use of vincristine alone. Combination treatment with vincristine and ivermectin could be in the future an excellent therapeutic alternative for the treatment of TVT for probably reducing the resistance to vincristine, simultaneously reducing the cost of TVT treatment and a faster recovery of the dog.

Potenciais microRNAs circulantes como biomarcadores de Leucemia Mieloide Crônica - Fase Crônica: recém diagnosticada e tratada com mesilato de imatinibe

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)