Heart Failure-Induced Diaphragm Myopathy

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Resistance training with excessive training load and insufficient recovery alters skeletal muscle mass-related protein expression

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Echocardiographic and radiographic aspects of tetralogy of Fallot in a Border Collie: case report

Tetralogy of Fallot is a complex cardiac malformation characterized by four anatomical defects: pulmonary valve stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, interventricular septal defect and aortic dextroposition. Imaging techniques are useful in the diagnosis of this disease, such as radiography for screening and Doppler echocardiography for a definitive diagnosis. Our objective is to report the radiographic and Doppler echocardiographic aspects of a tetralogy of Fallot case in a 10 month-old Border Collie dog.

Aspectos reprodutivos e sociais e resistência óssea em ratos machos submetidos ao exercício físico e/ou a um anabolizante esteróide

Nowadays the regular practice of sports is known as a way to obtain a better quality of life. On the other hand, the media has been distorting this idea, determining the ideal body as the hypertrophy phenotype. It is well known that the genetic factor does not allow all individuals to have this body shape. Besides the fact that, the anxiety of these people in obtain quick results, as one of the globalization’s consequence, make use of anabolic steroid to achieve this goal. However the bodybuilding or the strength muscle gain, make anabolic steroids users abuse and in major cases the users do not know the side effects. In front of these considerations, the present study evaluated the effects of the treatment with anabolic steroids and/or high intensity physical training on the corporal developing, the reproductive organs, bone parameters (strength and bone deformation) and seminal parameters as well the social behavior (aggressiveness). In other to obtain the experimental group, male Wistar rats were used, with 75 days old. The groups were divided into: Vehicle Non-Training (NV), Anabolic Steroid-Non-Training (NA), Vehicle-Training (TV) and Anabolic Steroid-Training (TA). These rats received i.m. injections, twice a week, of anabolic steroid (5mg/kg per animal of nandrolona decanoate) or vehicle (the same volume of peanut oil per animal) and the group TV and TA were submitted to physical training three times per week, during eight weeks. The body mass, wet weight of reproductive organs, femur and semen of the different groups were measured. The aggressive test was also realized in two steps: the first, within 4 weeks of the treatment and the other step in the end of the treatment, in this period the animal was isolated. It was not observed alterations in body mass of the groups. Though it was observed a benefic effect on the maximum strength of the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Morfologia e expressão dos MRF’s no músculo esquelético de ratos submetidos a estímulo atrófico e recuperação por treinamento físico

Recent research advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the processes of hypertrophy and atrophy. This may contribute to development of effective therapeutic strategies to attenuate or block the loss of muscle tissue associated with aging and pathological conditions. In this context, myogenic factors that control the activity of satellite cells have been studied to better understand the events involved in the recovery of muscle mass. Among them, we highlight the Myogenic Regulatory Factors (MRFs), which have been described as potential mediators of muscle growth. The objectives of this study evaluated the morphofunctional adaptations and gene expression of MRFs (MyoD and myogenin) in skeletal muscle (soleus) subjected to an atrophic stimulus followed by physical training. It was used 64 male Wistar rats (80 days, 250 to 300 g), divided into 8 groups (n = 8): C: control animals a week, I: Animals immobilized a week, C3: control animals 3 days; R3: Animals immobilized and recovered for 3 days, T3: Animals immobilized and submitted to exercise for 3 days; C7: Animals controls 7 days; R7: Animals immobilized and subsequently recovered by 7 days, T7: Animals immobilized and subsequently subjected to exercise for 7 days. Initially, the animals in groups I, R3, R7, T3 and T7, were submitted to 7 days of immobilization of the hind limb. Muscle atrophy was confirmed after a direct statistical comparison of the values of cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle fibers studied in animals in groups I and C, sacrificed immediately after the immobilization period. Then, the groups T3 and T7 were submitted a rehabilitation program with muscle aerobic exercise (swimming) for 3 and 7 days respectively. The groups C, C3 and C7 were kept without stimulus atrophic and were not subjected to exercise. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrified and the soleus muscle removed. The quantitative analysis of gene expression ...

Antidepressivo em ratos com insuficiência aórtica pode modificar a expressão gênica de ocitocina e vasopressina centrais?

Aortic regurgitation (AR) leads to a left ventricle dilation and hypertrophy in response to a chronic volume overload. It is still very frequent in developing countries, for instance Brazil, and often as secondary to rheumatic fever. Usually, chronic AR is generally well tolerated for many years, when with the heart dilated the patient searches for treatment. Bidirectional association with depression and cardiovascular disease has been described. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are widely prescribed to treat several affective disorders, especially for cardiovascular patients since they decrease arrhythmia probability. These SSRI improves cardiac function in rats submitted to stress protocols. Preliminary study from our laboratory showed that following 4 weeks of treatment with one SSRI (paroxetine) in subchronic AR rats there was a decreased in daily sodium intake and an improvement in systolic function. An increase in the central oxytocinergic transmission may be involved in this peripheral improvement to the heart. The investigations about the mechanisms underlying this improvement are necessary. Therefore the aims of this project is investigate the effects of 4 weeks of treatment of paroxetine, a SSRI, in rats with a subchronic AR over the central central gene expression of oxytocin and vasopressin using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)

Influência do exercício resistido com restrição do fluxo sanguíneo sobre ativação muscular

Conventional resistance training (TRC) is capable to generate muscular responses according to provided stimuli, as, training volume and intensity. The TRC results in force gains in general. Studies aim this gain to neural adaptation initially, followed by hypertrophy gains. However, studies that used TRC associated to blood flow restriction (RFS) found rise in force and hypertrophy without necessarily detecting rise in neural activity. Therefore this review had as objective, bring up literature data that report this fact and yet, speculate possible elucidation about this responses inversion

Como estará a ingestão de sódio após uma sobrecarga de volume combinada ao tratamento com paroxetina?

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is still common in developing countries as secondary of rheumatic fever, and its incidence have increased in senile degenerative form. The AR develops severe myocardial hypertrophy. A common comorbidity associated with cardiovascular disease is depression. Among the most prescribed antidepressants in the world are the serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Central serotonergic pathways are involved with the inhibition of sodium intake and can be modify the excretion of this íon. Therefore, we investigated whether treatment with an antidepressants SSRI, the paroxetine, for four weeks can modfy the behavior of water and NaCl 0,3M intake, excretion of sodium and morphofunctional parameters of rats with AR induce. Wistar rats (280 - 300g) underwent surgery for AR (n=15) or control surgery (n=14). The AR was induced by retrograde puncture of valve leaflets. The animals were divided into 4 groups: AR + paroxetine (n=8), AR + control (n=7), control + paroxetine (n=7), control + control (n=7). From the 4th to the 8th week after inductuin of AR was administered paroxetine (10mg/kg pc) daily and subcutaneously. In the 4th and 8th week after induction of AR echocardiograms were performed to collect data morphofunctional. During the 4 weeks of treatment were analyzed intake of water and saline daily and once a week urine samples were collected for analysis by flame photometer of excretion of sodium and potassium. In the 10th week the animals were submitted to a challenge protocol hidromineral by combining furosemide (10 mg / kg bw) associated with the low dose of Captopril (5 mg / kg bw). During the challenged urine samples were collected for analysis by flame photometer of excretion of sodium and potassium at the time zero and after 2 hours of treatment. As a result we found that treatment with paroxetine in rats with AR determined an improvement in fractional shortening (shortening fraction: 52.7 ± 2.2% vs. RA ...

Influência do exercício físico no remodelamento cardíaco de ratos espontaneamente hipertensos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fatores associados com a regressão da hipertrofia esquerda em diálise e impacto com mortalidade cardiovascular

Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

Perfil de uso de recursos ergogênicos em academias da cidade de Bauru/SP

The increasing number of gyms and their patrons increasingly concerned about the health, appearance and aesthetics propagated by the media and the supply of ergogenic both food as hormonal some without proof of its effects generated interest for the study of consumption of such ergogenic goers by academies of Bauru/SP; objective was also to assess whether the Physical Education professionals are prepared to guide properly, such as the use of these goers ergogenic. To this end, a questionnaire specific to each category was used, to be answered voluntarily and anonymously, with closed and open questions divided into two parts: one for socio demographic characterization and another in which were discussed issues regarding the use/orientation ergogenic. The research involved a sample of 12 academies and 205 attendees, including 152 men (74.15%) and 53 (25.85) women. Among men, 61.18% (n=93) did use ergogenic(s) food(s), while among women, this percentage was 33.96% (n=18). Regarding the use of hormonal resources, only 4.61% (n=7) of men said they used; there were no cases of women using hormonal resources. Were also interviewed 19 assessors/trainers/teachers, two which fifteen (15) men and four (4) women. Most consumers of ergogenic: (1) is understood in the age group 21-30 years and the socioeconomic classification bands called B1 and B2; (2) practice bodybuilding and consumption ergogenic resources with purpose of muscular hypertrophy; (3) practicing bodybuilding for a period between 1 and 5 years, consumes ergogenic(s) for a period less than one year, and perhaps the most significant event, starts the consumption of ergogenic(s) in a period of less than one year after starting the practice of bodybuilding, and that there are consumers who start consuming ergogenic as soon begin the practice of bodybuilding; (4) has as its main source of indication for the use of ergogenic, the gym instructor, among which, some respondents reported...

Imagen de hipertrofia bilateral del proceso coronoides mandibular a través de la tomografía computarizada cone-beam

The hypertrophy of the mandibular coronoid process is a rare condition, progressive and of unknown etiology, characterized by the over development of the coronoid process determining their size increased, resulting in progressive and painful limitation of mouth opening. The mandibular hypomobility is a present symptom in several diseases and associates it to a specific cause requires detailed clinical and imaginologic examination. The cone-beam computed tomography has the potential to provide complementary informations above than conventional radiography. It also has the advantage of eliminate overlaps, provide high resolution image, helping not only in diagnosis, but also in planning the surgical procedure. Here we report a case of male patient, who appeared at the clinic for an evaluation of a trismus. He had no pain, only discomfort for progressive limitation of mouth opening. On physical examination, only a limited mouth opening has been found. Although the movements of laterality and protrusión were posible, they were very limited. Cone-beam computed tomography examination was performed, that showed an image compatible with bilateral hypertrophy of the mandibular coronoid process.

Stress vulnerability during adolescence

Objective: This study investigated the physiological and somatic changes evoked by daily exposure to the same type of stressor (homotypic) or different aversive stressor stimuli (heterotypic) in adolescent and adult rats, with a focus on cardiovascular function. The long-term effects of stress exposure during adolescence were also investigated longitudinally. Methods: Male Wistar rats were exposed to repeated restraint stress (RRS, homotypic) or chronic variable stress (CVS, heterotypic). Results: Adrenal hypertrophy, thymus involution, and elevated plasma glucocorticoid were observed only in adolescent animals, whereas reduction in body weight was caused by both stress regimens in adults. CVS increased mean arterial pressure (adolescent: p = .001; adult: p = .005) and heart rate (HR; adolescent: p = .020; adult: p = .011) regardless of the age, whereas RRS increased blood pressure selectively in adults (p = .001). Rest tachycardia evoked by CVS was associated with increased cardiac sympathetic activity in adults, whereas a decreased cardiac parasympathetic activity was observed in adolescent animals. Changes in cardiovascular function and cardiac autonomic activity evoked by both CVS and RRS were followed by alterations in baroreflex activity and vascular reactivity to vasoconstrictor and vasodilator agents in adolescent adult animals. Except for the circulating glucocorticoid change, all alterations observed during adolescence were reversed in adulthood. Conclusions: These findings suggest a stress vulnerability of adolescents to somatic and neuroendocrine effects regardless of stress regimen. Our results indicated an age-stress type-specific influence in stress-evoked cardiovascular/autonomic changes. Data suggest minimal consequences in adulthood of stress during adolescence.

Expressão de microRNAs envolvidos com o crescimento muscular do pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus): análises in vivo e in vitro

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Expressão das proteínas envolvidas no trânsito de cálcio miocárdico de ratos obesos por dieta hiperlipídica saturada

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)